C中各数据类型的取值范围

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-04 15:25:07 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-04 15:25:07 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jingbaomm/article/details/40427219

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以前学了那么久的C，一直不清楚各数据类型占多少位，取值范围是多少。因为书上都说的不具体，只是说int一般是16位或者32位，short一般16位，long对象一般是32位等

等。《C程序设计语言》中的练习2-1很简便的帮忙解决了这个问题，不仅利于理解，而且直接可在不同的机器得到答案。

如何获得各数据类型的取值范围：

方法一：利用标准头文件<limits.h><float.h>

方法二：利用按位运算符进行计算

方法一：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>

int
main ()
{
printf("Size of Char %d\n", CHAR_BIT);
printf("Size of Char Max %d\n", CHAR_MAX);
printf("Size of Char Min %d\n", CHAR_MIN);
printf("Size of int min %d\n", INT_MIN);
printf("Size of int max %d\n", INT_MAX);
printf("Size of long min %ld\n", LONG_MIN); /* RB */
printf("Size of long max %ld\n", LONG_MAX); /* RB */
printf("Size of short min %d\n", SHRT_MIN);
printf("Size of short max %d\n", SHRT_MAX);
printf("Size of unsigned char %u\n", UCHAR_MAX); /* SF */
printf("Size of unsigned long %lu\n", ULONG_MAX); /* RB */
printf("Size of unsigned int %u\n", UINT_MAX); /* RB */
printf("Size of unsigned short %u\n", USHRT_MAX); /* SF */
printf("float占的字节数：%d\n",sizeof(float));
printf("double占的字节数：%d\n",sizeof(double));

return 0;
}

直接查看标准头文件<limits.h>就能明白。

sizeof()C语言中判断数据类型或者表达式长度符；不是一个函数，字节数的计算在程序编译时进行，而不是在程序执行的过程中才计算出来。

方法二：

#include <stdio.h>

/*determin ranges of types*/
main()
{
/*signed types*/
printf("signed char min = %d\n", -(char)((unsigned char) ~0 >> 1) - 1) ;
printf("signed char max = %d\n", (char)((unsigned char) ~0 >> 1));
printf("signed short min = %d\n", -(short)((unsigned short) ~0 >> 1) - 1);
printf("signed short max = %d\n", (short)((unsigned short) ~0 >> 1));
printf("signed int min = %d\n", -(int)((unsigned int) ~0 >> 1) - 1);
printf("signed int max = %d\n", (int)((unsigned int) ~0 >> 1));
printf("signed long min = %ld\n", -(long)((unsigned long) ~0 >> 1) - 1);
printf("signed long max = %ld\n", (long)((unsigned long) ~0 >> 1));
/*unsigned types*/
printf("unsigned char max = %u\n", (unsigned char) ~0);
printf("unsigned short max = %u\n", (unsigned short) ~0);
printf("unsigned int max = %u\n", (unsigned int) ~0);
printf("unsigned long max = %lu\n", (unsigned long) ~0);
}