黑马程序员——javaSE_IO流

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在java编程中，I/O系统主要负责文件的读写。一般在运行程序时，java I/O程序将源磁盘，文件或网络上的数据通过输入流类的相应方法读入内存，然后通过输出流类的相应方法将处理完的数据写回目标文件，磁盘或网络资源指定的位置。

主要分为2大类：

1.字符流

两个抽象流类：

Writer  

Reader

其中FileWriter和FileReader可实现文件的读写操作

BufferedWriter和BufferedReader能够提供缓冲区功能，用以提高效率

2.字节流

两个抽象流类

InputStream   

OutputStream

其中FileInputStream和FileOutputStream实现文件读写操作

BufferedInputStream和BufferedOutputStream提供缓冲区功能

InputStreamReader:字节输入转换流，把字节流转成字符流

OutputStreamWriter:字节输出转换流，把字节流转成字符流

例子1:用字符流任意拷贝一个文本文件到D盘根目录下

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		copyFile(new File("D:\\in.txt"),new File("E:\\in_copy.txt"));
	}
	public static void copyFile(File f1,File f2){
		BufferedReader br = null;
		BufferedWriter bw = null;
		try{
			br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(f1));
			bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(f2));
			String value = null;
			while((value = br.readLine())!=null){
				bw.write(value);
				bw.newLine();
				bw.flush();
			}
		}
		catch(IOException e){
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		finally{
			try{
				if(br!=null)
					br.close();
				if(bw!=null)
					bw.close();
			}
			catch(IOException e){
				System.out.println(e.toString());
			}
		}
	}

}

例子2: 用字节流任意拷贝一个图片文件到D盘根目录下

import java.io.*;
public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		copyFile(new File("D:\\RMB.jpg"),new File("e:\\RMB_copy.jpg"));
	}
	public static void copyFile(File f1,File f2){
		BufferedInputStream bis = null;
		BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
		try{
			bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(f1));
			bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(f2));
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int len = 0;
			while((len = bis.read(buf))!=-1){
				bos.write(buf,0,len);
				bos.flush();
			}
		}
		catch(IOException e){
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		finally{
			try{
				if(bis!=null)
					bis.close();
				if(bos!=null)
					bos.close();
			}
			catch(IOException e){
				System.out.println(e.toString());
			}
		}
	}

}

例子3: 把键盘录入的数据存储到一个文件中

import java.io.*;
public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		keyBoardToFile(new File("E:\\in.txt"));
	}
	public static void keyBoardToFile(File file){
		BufferedReader br = null;
		BufferedWriter bw = null;
		try{
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
			String value = null;
			while((value = br.readLine())!=null){
				if("over".equals(value)){
					break;
				}
				bw.write(value);
				bw.newLine();
				bw.flush();
			}
		}
		catch(IOException e){
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		finally{
			try{
				if(br!=null)
					br.close();
				if(bw!=null)
					bw.close();
			}
			catch(IOException e){
				System.out.println(e.toString());
			}
		}
	}

}

例子4: 列出目录下所有内容-递归

import java.io.*;
public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		showFiles(new File("E:\\workspace"));
	}
	public static void showFiles(File file){
		File[] files = file.listFiles();
		for(File f:files){
			if(f.isDirectory()){
				showFiles(f);
			}
			else{
				System.out.println(f.getName());
			}
		}
	}

}

例子5: 将一个MP3文件拆分成碎片文件，按照2Mb均分

import java.io.*;
public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		splitFile(new File("d:\\File.mp3"));
	}
	public static void splitFile(File file){
		BufferedInputStream bis = null;
		BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
		try{
			bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
			int conut = 1;
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024*1024*2];
			int len = 0;
			while((len = bis.read(buf))!=-1){
				bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("F:\\Test\\"+conut++ + ".part"));
				bos.write(buf,0,len);
				bos.close();
			}
		}
		catch(IOException e){
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		finally{
			try{
				if(bis!=null)
					bis.close();
			}
			catch(IOException e){
				System.out.println(e.toString());
			}
		}
	}

}

例子6:将那些碎片文件合并成完整的MP3文件

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		mergeFile(new File("f:\\Test"));
	}
	public static void mergeFile(File file){
		File[] files = file.listFiles();
		BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
		SequenceInputStream sis = null;
		try{
			Vector<FileInputStream> vec = new Vector<FileInputStream>();
			for(File f:files){
				if(f.isFile()&&f.getName().endsWith(".part")){
					vec.add(new FileInputStream(f));
				}
			}
			Enumeration<FileInputStream> en = vec.elements();
			sis = new SequenceInputStream(en);
			bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("f:\\Test\\myFile.mp3"));
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int len = 0;
			while((len = sis.read(buf))!=-1){
				bos.write(buf,0,len);
				bos.flush();
			}
		}
		catch(IOException e){
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		finally{
			try{
				if(bos!=null)
					bos.close();
				if(sis!=null)
					sis.close();
			}
			catch(IOException e){
				System.out.println(e.toString());
			}
		}
	}
}