package observer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
/**
* @author jiq
* 类型:Behavioral
* 定义: 观察者模式定义了对象之间一对多的依赖,这样一来,当一个对象状态改变时,
* 它所有的依赖者都会受到通知并自动更新。
*
* 这个模式很好滴遵循了OO设计的三个原则:
* (1) 将变化的部分和不变的部分分离
* (2) 针对接口编程,不针对实现编程
* (3) 多用组合,少用继承
*
* java中用到的观察者模式:
* (1) Java Swing中为JButton注册一个ActionListener时间监听器。
* (2) Java中有一个Observable类提供了观察者模式编程API,但是可拓展性不是很好。
*/
/* 主题 */
interface Subject{
public void registerObserver(Observer o);
public void removeObserver(Observer o);
public void notifyObservers();
}
/* 观察者 */
interface Observer{
public void update(WeatherAttrib wb);
}
/* 显示面板 */
interface Disply{
public void disply();
}
/******
* 为了方便天气数据拓展,所以将其作为一个数据类定义出来
* */
class WeatherAttrib{
float temperature;
float humidity;
float pressure;
public WeatherAttrib(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure){
this.temperature = temperature;
this.humidity = humidity;
this.temperature = pressure;
}
}
/****
* 天气数据类,继承自主题(被观察者)
* */
class WeatherData implements Subject{
private ArrayList<Observer> observers = new ArrayList<Observer>();
private WeatherAttrib wb;
public void registerObserver(Observer o) {
observers.add(o);
}
public void notifyObservers() {
for(int i=0;i<observers.size();i++){
Observer observer = observers.get(i);
observer.update(wb);
}
}
public void removeObserver(Observer o) {
int i = observers.indexOf(o);
if(i >= 0) observers.remove(i);
}
/* 主题状态改变 */
public void measurementsChanged(){
notifyObservers();
}
public void setWeatherAttrib(WeatherAttrib wb){
this.wb = wb;
measurementsChanged();
}
}
/****
* 观察者(继承自观察者接口)
* */
class CurrentConditionDisplay implements Observer, Disply{
private WeatherAttrib wb;
private Subject weatherData; //组合主题
public CurrentConditionDisplay(Subject weatherData){
this.weatherData = weatherData;
weatherData.registerObserver(this);
}
public void update(WeatherAttrib wb) {
this.wb = wb;
disply();
}
public void cancelObserve(){
weatherData.removeObserver(this);
}
public void disply() {
System.out.println("Current Condition: "+ wb.humidity+","
+wb.temperature+""+wb.pressure);
}
}
class ForecastDisplay implements Observer, Disply{
private WeatherAttrib wb;
private Subject weatherData;
public ForecastDisplay(Subject weatherData){
this.weatherData = weatherData;
weatherData.registerObserver(this);
}
public void update(WeatherAttrib wb) {
this.wb = wb;
disply(); //更新显示
}
public void cancelObserve(){
weatherData.removeObserver(this);
}
public void disply() {
System.out.println("ForeCatst Disp: "+ wb.humidity+","+wb.temperature+""+wb.pressure);
}
}
/**
* 气象站测试
* */
public class WeatherORama {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/*
* 创建主题
* */
WeatherData weatherData = new WeatherData();
/*
* 创建观察者
* */
CurrentConditionDisplay cd_observer = new CurrentConditionDisplay(weatherData);
ForecastDisplay fd_observer = new ForecastDisplay(weatherData);
/*
* 更改主题状态
* */
System.out.println("###WeatherData change:");
weatherData.setWeatherAttrib(new WeatherAttrib(80, 65, 30.4f));
System.out.println("###WeatherData change:");
weatherData.setWeatherAttrib(new WeatherAttrib(82, 67, 29.4f));
fd_observer.cancelObserve(); //不再关注主题
System.out.println("###WeatherData change:");
weatherData.setWeatherAttrib(new WeatherAttrib(85, 63, 30.1f));
}
}/** output
###WeatherData change:
Current Condition: 65.0,30.40.0
ForeCatst Disp: 65.0,30.40.0
###WeatherData change:
Current Condition: 67.0,29.40.0
ForeCatst Disp: 67.0,29.40.0
###WeatherData change:
Current Condition: 63.0,30.10.0
*/
行为型-观察者模式
最新推荐文章于 2024-03-15 20:00:00 发布