串口通信笔记

串口通信主要用到下面几个函数:

CreateFile	打开通信端口
CloseHandle	关闭通信端口
GetCommState	取得端口的参数
SetCommState	设置端口参数
WriteFile	端口发送数据
ReadFile	端口读取数据
ClearCommError	清除端口错误,并取得信息
PurgeComm	清除数据缓冲区
SetCommMask	设置触发事件
WaitCommEvent	等待事件触发
EscapeCommFunction	控制端口的硬件状态
GetCommModemState	取得端口硬件线路状态

(1)串口同步通信

Handle hComm=CreateFile("COM1",GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,0,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0); //打开COM1端口

if(hComm==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

//打开端口失败

else
{

DCB dcb;
GetCommState(hComm,&dcb);//取得端口状态
dcb.BaudRate=CBR_9600; //波特率设为9600
dcb.ByteSize=8;//字节为8位
dcb.Parity=NOPARITY;//无校验
dcb.StopBits=ONESTOPBIT;//1位停止位

if(!SetCommState(hComm,&dcb))
{
//端口状态设置失败
CloseHandle(hComm);
}

else

//端口设置成功

}

读数据

char inbuff[1024];

DWORD nBytesRead,dwEvent,dwError;

COMSTAT cs;

//取得状态

ClearCommError(hComm,&dwError,&cs);

if(cs.cbInQue>sizeof(inbuff))//数据是否大于缓冲区

{

PurgeComm(hComm,PURGE_RXCLEAR);

return;

}

ReadFile(hComm,inbuff,cs.cbInQue,&nBytesRead,NULL);

....

发送数据

...

WriteFile(hComm,SendData,sizeof(SendData),&nBytesSend,NULL);

...

 

(2)串口异步通信

使用同步通信时,读数据时若端口没有数据,程序将一直停在ReadFile处,程序当掉.解决的办法是使用异步通信.

Handle hComm=CreateFile("COM1",GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,0,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,

FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,//使用异步通信方式

0); //打开COM1端口

if(hComm==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

//打开端口失败

else
{

DCB dcb;
GetCommState(hComm,&dcb);//取得端口状态
dcb.BaudRate=CBR_9600; //波特率设为9600
dcb.ByteSize=8;//字节为8位
dcb.Parity=NOPARITY;//无校验
dcb.StopBits=ONESTOPBIT;//1位停止位

if(!SetCommState(hComm,&dcb))
{
//端口状态设置失败
CloseHandle(hComm);
}

else

//端口设置成功

long EvWait;

EvWait=EV_ERR + EV_BREAK + EV_RXCHAR;

if(!SetCommMask(hComm,EvWait))

//设置失败

 

}

 

收数据

TEvent *WEvent;

OVERLAPPED OverLap;

TWaitResult EE;

unsigned long EvWait;

 

WEvent=new TEvent(NULL,true,false,"");

OverLap.hEvent=WEvent->Handle;

if(WaitCommEvent(hComm,&EvWait,&OverLap))

{

EE!=wrSignaled)return;//未触发

WEvent->ResetEvent();

if(EvWait & EV_RXCHAR)

{

ReadFile(..);

}