【HarmonyOS实战开发】鸿蒙相机开发最佳实践

拍照实现方案(ArkTS)

当前示例提供完整的拍照流程介绍，方便开发者了解完整的接口调用顺序。

在参考以下示例前，建议开发者查看相机开发指导(ArkTS)的具体章节，了解设备输入、会话管理、拍照单个流程。

开发流程

在获取到相机支持的输出流能力后，开始创建拍照流，开发流程如下。

完整示例

Context获取方式请参考：获取UIAbility的上下文信息。

import { camera } from '@kit.CameraKit';
import { image } from '@kit.ImageKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';
import { common } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { fileIo as fs } from '@kit.CoreFileKit';
import { photoAccessHelper } from '@kit.MediaLibraryKit';

let context = getContext(this);

async function savePicture(buffer: ArrayBuffer, img: image.Image): Promise<void> {
  let accessHelper: photoAccessHelper.PhotoAccessHelper = photoAccessHelper.getPhotoAccessHelper(context);
  let options: photoAccessHelper.CreateOptions = {
    title: Date.now().toString()
  };
  let photoUri: string = await accessHelper.createAsset(photoAccessHelper.PhotoType.IMAGE, 'jpg', options);
  //createAsset的调用需要ohos.permission.READ_IMAGEVIDEO和ohos.permission.WRITE_IMAGEVIDEO的权限
  let file: fs.File = fs.openSync(photoUri, fs.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fs.OpenMode.CREATE);
  await fs.write(file.fd, buffer);
  fs.closeSync(file);
  img.release(); 
}

function setPhotoOutputCb(photoOutput: camera.PhotoOutput): void {
  //设置回调之后，调用photoOutput的capture方法，就会将拍照的buffer回传到回调中
  photoOutput.on('photoAvailable', (errCode: BusinessError, photo: camera.Photo): void => {
    console.info('getPhoto start');
    console.info(`err: ${JSON.stringify(errCode)}`);
    if (errCode || photo === undefined) {
      console.error('getPhoto failed');
      return;
    }
    let imageObj = photo.main;
    imageObj.getComponent(image.ComponentType.JPEG, (errCode: BusinessError, component: image.Component): void => {
      console.info('getComponent start');
      if (errCode || component === undefined) {
        console.error('getComponent failed');
        return;
      }
      let buffer: ArrayBuffer;
      if (component.byteBuffer) {
        buffer = component.byteBuffer;
      } else {
        console.error('byteBuffer is null');
        return;
      }
      savePicture(buffer, imageObj);
    });
  });
}

async function cameraShootingCase(baseContext: common.BaseContext, surfaceId: string): Promise<void> {
  // 创建CameraManager对象
  let cameraManager: camera.CameraManager = camera.getCameraManager(baseContext);
  if (!cameraManager) {
    console.error("camera.getCameraManager error");
    return;
  }
  // 监听相机状态变化
  cameraManager.on('cameraStatus', (err: BusinessError, cameraStatusInfo: camera.CameraStatusInfo) => {
    if (err !== undefined && err.code !== 0) {
      console.error('cameraStatus with errorCode = ' + err.code);
      return;
    }
    console.info(`camera : ${cameraStatusInfo.camera.cameraId}`);
    console.info(`status: ${cameraStatusInfo.status}`);
  });

  // 获取相机列表
  let cameraArray: Array<camera.CameraDevice> = cameraManager.getSupportedCameras();
  if (cameraArray.length <= 0) {
    console.error("cameraManager.getSupportedCameras error");
    return;
  }

  for (let index = 0; index < cameraArray.length; index++) {
    console.info('cameraId : ' + cameraArray[index].cameraId);                          // 获取相机ID
    console.info('cameraPosition : ' + cameraArray[index].cameraPosition);              // 获取相机位置
    console.info('cameraType : ' + cameraArray[index].cameraType);                      // 获取相机类型
    console.info('connectionType : ' + cameraArray[index].connectionType);              // 获取相机连接类型
  }

  // 创建相机输入流
  let cameraInput: camera.CameraInput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    cameraInput = cameraManager.createCameraInput(cameraArray[0]);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to createCameraInput errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (cameraInput === undefined) {
    return;
  }

  // 监听cameraInput错误信息
  let cameraDevice: camera.CameraDevice = cameraArray[0];
  cameraInput.on('error', cameraDevice, (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Camera input error code: ${error.code}`);
  })

  // 打开相机
  await cameraInput.open();

  // 获取支持的模式类型
  let sceneModes: Array<camera.SceneMode> = cameraManager.getSupportedSceneModes(cameraArray[0]);
  let isSupportPhotoMode: boolean = sceneModes.indexOf(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO) >= 0;
  if (!isSupportPhotoMode) {
    console.error('photo mode not support');
    return;
  }
  // 获取相机设备支持的输出流能力
  let cameraOutputCap: camera.CameraOutputCapability = cameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability(cameraArray[0], camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO);
  if (!cameraOutputCap) {
    console.error("cameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability error");
    return;
  }
  console.info("outputCapability: " + JSON.stringify(cameraOutputCap));

  let previewProfilesArray: Array<camera.Profile> = cameraOutputCap.previewProfiles;
  if (!previewProfilesArray) {
    console.error("createOutput previewProfilesArray == null || undefined");
  }

  let photoProfilesArray: Array<camera.Profile> = cameraOutputCap.photoProfiles;
  if (!photoProfilesArray) {
    console.error("createOutput photoProfilesArray == null || undefined");
  }

  // 创建预览输出流,其中参数 surfaceId 参考上文 XComponent 组件，预览流为XComponent组件提供的surface
  let previewOutput: camera.PreviewOutput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    previewOutput = cameraManager.createPreviewOutput(previewProfilesArray[0], surfaceId);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to create the PreviewOutput instance. error code: ${err.code}`);
  }
  if (previewOutput === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 监听预览输出错误信息
  previewOutput.on('error', (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Preview output error code: ${error.code}`);
  });

  // 创建拍照输出流
  let photoOutput: camera.PhotoOutput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    photoOutput = cameraManager.createPhotoOutput(photoProfilesArray[0]);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to createPhotoOutput errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (photoOutput === undefined) {
    return;
  }

    //调用上面的回调函数来保存图片
  setPhotoOutputCb(photoOutput);

  //创建会话
  let photoSession: camera.PhotoSession | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    photoSession = cameraManager.createSession(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO) as camera.PhotoSession;
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to create the session instance. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (photoSession === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 监听session错误信息
  photoSession.on('error', (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Capture session error code: ${error.code}`);
  });

  // 开始配置会话
  try {
    photoSession.beginConfig();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to beginConfig. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 向会话中添加相机输入流
  try {
    photoSession.addInput(cameraInput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to addInput. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 向会话中添加预览输出流
  try {
    photoSession.addOutput(previewOutput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to addOutput(previewOutput). errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 向会话中添加拍照输出流
  try {
    photoSession.addOutput(photoOutput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to addOutput(photoOutput). errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 提交会话配置
  await photoSession.commitConfig();

  // 启动会话
  await photoSession.start().then(() => {
    console.info('Promise returned to indicate the session start success.');
  });
  // 判断设备是否支持闪光灯
  let flashStatus: boolean = false;
  try {
    flashStatus = photoSession.hasFlash();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to hasFlash. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  console.info('Returned with the flash light support status:' + flashStatus);

  if (flashStatus) {
    // 判断是否支持自动闪光灯模式
    let flashModeStatus: boolean = false;
    try {
      let status: boolean = photoSession.isFlashModeSupported(camera.FlashMode.FLASH_MODE_AUTO);
      flashModeStatus = status;
    } catch (error) {
      let err = error as BusinessError;
      console.error('Failed to check whether the flash mode is supported. errorCode = ' + err.code);
    }
    if(flashModeStatus) {
      // 设置自动闪光灯模式
      try {
        photoSession.setFlashMode(camera.FlashMode.FLASH_MODE_AUTO);
      } catch (error) {
        let err = error as BusinessError;
        console.error('Failed to set the flash mode. errorCode = ' + err.code);
      }
    }
  }

  // 判断是否支持连续自动变焦模式
  let focusModeStatus: boolean = false;
  try {
    let status: boolean = photoSession.isFocusModeSupported(camera.FocusMode.FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_AUTO);
    focusModeStatus = status;
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to check whether the focus mode is supported. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  if (focusModeStatus) {
    // 设置连续自动变焦模式
    try {
      photoSession.setFocusMode(camera.FocusMode.FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_AUTO);
    } catch (error) {
      let err = error as BusinessError;
      console.error('Failed to set the focus mode. errorCode = ' + err.code);
    }
  }

  // 获取相机支持的可变焦距比范围
  let zoomRatioRange: Array<number> = [];
  try {
    zoomRatioRange = photoSession.getZoomRatioRange();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to get the zoom ratio range. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (zoomRatioRange.length <= 0) {
    return;
  }
  // 设置可变焦距比
  try {
    photoSession.setZoomRatio(zoomRatioRange[0]);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to set the zoom ratio value. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  let photoCaptureSetting: camera.PhotoCaptureSetting = {
    quality: camera.QualityLevel.QUALITY_LEVEL_HIGH, // 设置图片质量高
    rotation: camera.ImageRotation.ROTATION_0 // 设置图片旋转角度0
  }
  // 使用当前拍照设置进行拍照
  photoOutput.capture(photoCaptureSetting, (err: BusinessError) => {
    if (err) {
      console.error(`Failed to capture the photo ${err.message}`);
      return;
    }
    console.info('Callback invoked to indicate the photo capture request success.');
  });
  // 停止当前会话
  photoSession.stop();

  // 释放相机输入流
  cameraInput.close();

  // 释放预览输出流
  previewOutput.release();

  // 释放拍照输出流
  photoOutput.release();

  // 释放会话
  photoSession.release();

  // 会话置空
  photoSession = undefined;
}

录像实现方案(ArkTS)

当前示例提供完整的录像流程介绍，方便开发者了解完整的接口调用顺序。

在参考以下示例前，建议开发者查看相机开发指导(ArkTS)的具体章节，了解设备输入、会话管理、录像等单个流程。

开发流程

在获取到相机支持的输出流能力后，开始创建录像流，开发流程如下。

完整示例

Context获取方式请参考：获取UIAbility的上下文信息。

import { camera } from '@kit.CameraKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';
import { media } from '@kit.MediaKit';
import { common } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { photoAccessHelper } from '@kit.MediaLibraryKit';
import { fileIo as fs } from '@kit.CoreFileKit';

async function videoRecording(context: common.Context, surfaceId: string): Promise<void> {
  // 创建CameraManager对象
  let cameraManager: camera.CameraManager = camera.getCameraManager(context);
  if (!cameraManager) {
    console.error("camera.getCameraManager error");
    return;
  }

  // 监听相机状态变化
  cameraManager.on('cameraStatus', (err: BusinessError, cameraStatusInfo: camera.CameraStatusInfo) => {
    if (err !== undefined && err.code !== 0) {
      console.error('cameraStatus with errorCode = ' + err.code);
      return;
    }
    console.info(`camera : ${cameraStatusInfo.camera.cameraId}`);
    console.info(`status: ${cameraStatusInfo.status}`);
  });

  // 获取相机列表
  let cameraArray: Array<camera.CameraDevice> = [];
  try {
    cameraArray = cameraManager.getSupportedCameras();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`getSupportedCameras call failed. error code: ${err.code}`);
  }

  if (cameraArray.length <= 0) {
    console.error("cameraManager.getSupportedCameras error");
    return;
  }

  // 获取支持的模式类型
  let sceneModes: Array<camera.SceneMode> = cameraManager.getSupportedSceneModes(cameraArray[0]);
  let isSupportVideoMode: boolean = sceneModes.indexOf(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_VIDEO) >= 0;
  if (!isSupportVideoMode) {
    console.error('video mode not support');
    return;
  }

  // 获取相机设备支持的输出流能力
  let cameraOutputCap: camera.CameraOutputCapability = cameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability(cameraArray[0], camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_VIDEO);
  if (!cameraOutputCap) {
    console.error("cameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability error")
    return;
  }
  console.info("outputCapability: " + JSON.stringify(cameraOutputCap));

  let previewProfilesArray: Array<camera.Profile> = cameraOutputCap.previewProfiles;
  if (!previewProfilesArray) {
    console.error("createOutput previewProfilesArray == null || undefined");
  }

  let photoProfilesArray: Array<camera.Profile> = cameraOutputCap.photoProfiles;
  if (!photoProfilesArray) {
    console.error("createOutput photoProfilesArray == null || undefined");
  }

  let videoProfilesArray: Array<camera.VideoProfile> = cameraOutputCap.videoProfiles;
  if (!videoProfilesArray) {
    console.error("createOutput videoProfilesArray == null || undefined");
  }
  // videoProfile的宽高需要与AVRecorderProfile的宽高保持一致，并且需要使用AVRecorderProfile锁支持的宽高
  let videoSize: camera.Size = {
    width: 640,
    height: 480
  }
  let videoProfile: undefined | camera.VideoProfile = videoProfilesArray.find((profile: camera.VideoProfile) => {
    return profile.size.width === videoSize.width && profile.size.height === videoSize.height;
  });
  if (!videoProfile) {
    console.error('videoProfile is not found');
    return;
  }
  // 配置参数以实际硬件设备支持的范围为准
  let aVRecorderProfile: media.AVRecorderProfile = {
    audioBitrate: 48000,
    audioChannels: 2,
    audioCodec: media.CodecMimeType.AUDIO_AAC,
    audioSampleRate: 48000,
    fileFormat: media.ContainerFormatType.CFT_MPEG_4,
    videoBitrate: 2000000,
    videoCodec: media.CodecMimeType.VIDEO_AVC,
    videoFrameWidth: videoSize.width,
    videoFrameHeight: videoSize.height,
    videoFrameRate: 30
  };
  let options: photoAccessHelper.CreateOptions = {
    title: Date.now().toString()
  };
  let accessHelper: photoAccessHelper.PhotoAccessHelper = photoAccessHelper.getPhotoAccessHelper(context);
  let videoUri: string = await accessHelper.createAsset(photoAccessHelper.PhotoType.VIDEO, 'mp4', options);
  let file: fs.File = fs.openSync(videoUri, fs.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fs.OpenMode.CREATE);
  let aVRecorderConfig: media.AVRecorderConfig = {
    audioSourceType: media.AudioSourceType.AUDIO_SOURCE_TYPE_MIC,
    videoSourceType: media.VideoSourceType.VIDEO_SOURCE_TYPE_SURFACE_YUV,
    profile: aVRecorderProfile,
    url: `fd://${file.fd.toString()}`, // 文件需先由调用者创建，赋予读写权限，将文件fd传给此参数，eg.fd://45--file:///data/media/01.mp4
    rotation: 0, // 合理值0、90、180、270，非合理值prepare接口将报错
    location: { latitude: 30, longitude: 130 }
  };

  let avRecorder: media.AVRecorder | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    avRecorder = await media.createAVRecorder();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`createAVRecorder call failed. error code: ${err.code}`);
  }

  if (avRecorder === undefined) {
    return;
  }

  try {
    await avRecorder.prepare(aVRecorderConfig);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`prepare call failed. error code: ${err.code}`);
  }

  let videoSurfaceId: string | undefined = undefined; // 该surfaceID用于传递给相机接口创造videoOutput
  try {
    videoSurfaceId = await avRecorder.getInputSurface();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`getInputSurface call failed. error code: ${err.code}`);
  }
  if (videoSurfaceId === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 创建VideoOutput对象
  let videoOutput: camera.VideoOutput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    videoOutput = cameraManager.createVideoOutput(videoProfile, videoSurfaceId);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to create the videoOutput instance. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }
  if (videoOutput === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 监听视频输出错误信息
  videoOutput.on('error', (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Preview output error code: ${error.code}`);
  });

  //创建会话
  let videoSession: camera.VideoSession | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    videoSession = cameraManager.createSession(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_VIDEO) as camera.VideoSession;
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to create the session instance. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }
  if (videoSession === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 监听session错误信息
  videoSession.on('error', (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Video session error code: ${error.code}`);
  });

  // 开始配置会话
  try {
    videoSession.beginConfig();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to beginConfig. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 创建相机输入流
  let cameraInput: camera.CameraInput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    cameraInput = cameraManager.createCameraInput(cameraArray[0]);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to createCameraInput. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }
  if (cameraInput === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 监听cameraInput错误信息
  let cameraDevice: camera.CameraDevice = cameraArray[0];
  cameraInput.on('error', cameraDevice, (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Camera input error code: ${error.code}`);
  });

  // 打开相机
  try {
    await cameraInput.open();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to open cameraInput. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 向会话中添加相机输入流
  try {
    videoSession.addInput(cameraInput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to add cameraInput. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 创建预览输出流，其中参数 surfaceId 参考下面 XComponent 组件，预览流为XComponent组件提供的surface
  let previewOutput: camera.PreviewOutput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    previewOutput = cameraManager.createPreviewOutput(previewProfilesArray[0], surfaceId);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to create the PreviewOutput instance. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  if (previewOutput === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 向会话中添加预览输出流
  try {
    videoSession.addOutput(previewOutput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to add previewOutput. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 向会话中添加录像输出流
  try {
    videoSession.addOutput(videoOutput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to add videoOutput. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 提交会话配置
  try {
    await videoSession.commitConfig();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`videoSession commitConfig error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 启动会话
  try {
    await videoSession.start();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`videoSession start error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 启动录像输出流
  videoOutput.start((err: BusinessError) => {
    if (err) {
      console.error(`Failed to start the video output. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
      return;
    }
    console.info('Callback invoked to indicate the video output start success.');
  });

  // 开始录像
  try {
    await avRecorder.start();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`avRecorder start error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 停止录像输出流
  videoOutput.stop((err: BusinessError) => {
    if (err) {
      console.error(`Failed to stop the video output. error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
      return;
    }
    console.info('Callback invoked to indicate the video output stop success.');
  });

  // 停止录像
  try {
    await avRecorder.stop();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`avRecorder stop error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
  }

  // 停止当前会话
  videoSession.stop();

  // 关闭文件
  fs.closeSync(file);

  // 释放相机输入流
  cameraInput.close();

  // 释放预览输出流
  previewOutput.release();

  // 释放录像输出流
  videoOutput.release();

  // 释放会话
  videoSession.release();

  // 会话置空
  videoSession = undefined;
}

双路预览(ArkTS)

双路预览，即应用可同时使用两路预览流，一路用于在屏幕上显示，一路用于图像处理等其他操作，提升处理效率。

相机应用通过控制相机，实现图像显示（预览）、照片保存（拍照）、视频录制（录像）等基础操作。相机开发模型为Surface模型，即应用通过Surface进行数据传递，通过ImageReceiver的surface获取拍照流的数据、通过XComponent的surface获取预览流的数据。

如果要实现双路预览，即将拍照流改为预览流，将拍照流中的surface改为预览流的surface，通过ImageReceiver的surface创建previewOutput，其余流程与拍照流和预览流一致。

详细的API说明请参考Camera API参考。

约束与限制

• 暂不支持动态添加流，即不能在没有调用session.stop的情况下，调用addOutput添加流。
• 对ImageReceiver组件获取到的图像数据处理后，需要将对应的图像Buffer释放，确保Surface的BufferQueue正常轮转。

调用流程

双路方案调用流程图建议如下：

开发步骤

1. 导入image接口。

   创建双路预览流的SurfaceId，除XComponent组件的SurfaceId外，还需要使用ImageReceiver组件创建生成的SurfaceId，需要使用image模块提供的接口。

import { image } from '@kit.ImageKit';

2. 创建ImageReceiver对象。

    let size: image.Size = {
    width: 640,
    height: 480
  }
let receiver: image.ImageReceiver = image.createImageReceiver(size, image.ImageFormat.JPEG, 8);

3. 获取ImageReceiver组件的SurfaceId。

 async function getImageReceiverSurfaceId(receiver: image.ImageReceiver): Promise<string | undefined> {
  let ImageReceiverSurfaceId: string | undefined = undefined;
  if (receiver !== undefined) {
    console.info('receiver is not undefined');
    let ImageReceiverSurfaceId: string = await receiver.getReceivingSurfaceId();
    console.info(`ImageReceived id: ${ImageReceiverSurfaceId}`);
  } else {
    console.error('createImageReceiver failed');
  }
  return ImageReceiverSurfaceId;
}

4. 创建XComponent组件Surface。

XComponent组件为预览流提供的Surface（获取surfaceId请参考getXcomponentSurfaceId，而XComponent的能力由UI提供，相关介绍可参考XComponent组件参考。

说明

预览流与录像输出流的分辨率的宽高比要保持一致，如果设置XComponent组件中的Surface显示区域宽高比为1920:1080 = 16:9，则需要预览流中的分辨率的宽高比也为16:9，如分辨率选择640:360，或960:540，或1920:1080，以此类推。

5. 实现双路预览。

   将步骤2、3生成的两路SurfaceId通过createPreviewOutput方法传递到相机服务，创建两路预览流，其余流程按照正常预览流程开发。

import { camera } from '@kit.CameraKit';

async function createDualChannelPreview(cameraManager: camera.CameraManager, XComponentSurfaceId: string, receiver: image.ImageReceiver): Promise<void> {
  // 获取支持的相机设备对象
  let camerasDevices: Array<camera.CameraDevice> = cameraManager.getSupportedCameras();

  // 获取支持的模式类型
  let sceneModes: Array<camera.SceneMode> = cameraManager.getSupportedSceneModes(camerasDevices[0]);
  let isSupportPhotoMode: boolean = sceneModes.indexOf(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO) >= 0;
  if (!isSupportPhotoMode) {
    console.error('photo mode not support');
    return;
  }

  // 获取profile对象
  let profiles: camera.CameraOutputCapability = cameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability(camerasDevices[0], camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO); // 获取对应相机设备profiles
  let previewProfiles: Array<camera.Profile> = profiles.previewProfiles;

  // 预览流1
  let previewProfilesObj: camera.Profile = previewProfiles[0];

  // 预览流2
  let previewProfilesObj2: camera.Profile = previewProfiles[0];

  // 创建 预览流1 输出对象
  let previewOutput: camera.PreviewOutput = cameraManager.createPreviewOutput(previewProfilesObj, XComponentSurfaceId);

  // 创建 预览流2 输出对象
  let imageReceiverSurfaceId: string = await receiver.getReceivingSurfaceId();
  let previewOutput2: camera.PreviewOutput = cameraManager.createPreviewOutput(previewProfilesObj2, imageReceiverSurfaceId);

  // 创建cameraInput对象
  let cameraInput: camera.CameraInput = cameraManager.createCameraInput(camerasDevices[0]);

  // 打开相机
  await cameraInput.open();

  // 会话流程
  let photoSession: camera.PhotoSession = cameraManager.createSession(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO) as camera.PhotoSession;

  // 开始配置会话
  photoSession.beginConfig();

  // 把CameraInput加入到会话
  photoSession.addInput(cameraInput);

  // 把 预览流1 加入到会话
  photoSession.addOutput(previewOutput);

  // 把 预览流2 加入到会话
  photoSession.addOutput(previewOutput2);

  // 提交配置信息
  await photoSession.commitConfig();

  // 会话开始
  await photoSession.start();
}

6. 通过ImageReceiver实时获取预览图像。

   通过ImageReceiver组件中imageArrival事件监听获取底层返回的图像数据，详细的API说明请参考Image API参考。

  import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';

function onImageArrival(receiver: image.ImageReceiver): void {
  receiver.on('imageArrival', () => {
    receiver.readNextImage((err: BusinessError, nextImage: image.Image) => {
      if (err || nextImage === undefined) {
        console.error('readNextImage failed');
        return;
      }
      nextImage.getComponent(image.ComponentType.JPEG, (err: BusinessError, imgComponent: image.Component) => {
        if (err || imgComponent === undefined) {
          console.error('getComponent failed');
        }
        if (imgComponent && imgComponent.byteBuffer as ArrayBuffer) {
          // do something...
        } else {
          console.error('byteBuffer is null');
        }
        nextImage.release();
      })
    })
  })
}

分段式拍照实现方案(ArkTS)

当前示例提供完整的分段式拍照流程介绍，方便开发者了解完整的接口调用顺序。

在参考以下示例前，建议开发者查看分段式拍照(ArkTS)的具体章节，了解设备输入、会话管理、拍照等单个流程。

开发流程

在获取到相机支持的输出流能力后，开始创建拍照流，开发流程如下。

完整示例

Context获取方式请参考：获取UIAbility的上下文信息。

import { camera } from '@kit.CameraKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';
import { common } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { photoAccessHelper } from '@kit.MediaLibraryKit';

let context = getContext(this);
let phAccessHelper = photoAccessHelper.getPhotoAccessHelper(context);

class MediaDataHandler implements photoAccessHelper.MediaAssetDataHandler<ArrayBuffer> {
  onDataPrepared(data: ArrayBuffer) {
    if (data === undefined) {
      console.error('Error occurred when preparing data');
      return;
    }
    console.info('on image data prepared');
  }
}

async function mediaLibRequestBuffer(photoAsset: photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset) {
  let requestOptions: photoAccessHelper.RequestOptions = {
    deliveryMode: photoAccessHelper.DeliveryMode.HIGH_QUALITY_MODE,
  }
  const handler = new MediaDataHandler();
  await photoAccessHelper.MediaAssetManager.requestImageData(context, photoAsset, requestOptions, handler);
  console.info('requestImageData successfully');
}

async function mediaLibSavePhoto(photoAsset: photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset): Promise<void> {
  try {
    let assetChangeRequest: photoAccessHelper.MediaAssetChangeRequest = new photoAccessHelper.MediaAssetChangeRequest(photoAsset);
    assetChangeRequest.saveCameraPhoto();
    await phAccessHelper.applyChanges(assetChangeRequest);
    console.info('apply saveCameraPhoto successfully');
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(`apply saveCameraPhoto failed with error: ${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
  }
}

function setPhotoOutputCb(photoOutput: camera.PhotoOutput): void {
  //监听回调之后，调用photoOutput的capture方法，低质量图上报后触发回调
  photoOutput.on('photoAssetAvailable', (err: BusinessError, photoAsset: photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset): void => {
    console.info('getPhotoAsset start');
    console.info(`err: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
    if ((err !== undefined && err.code !== 0) || photoAsset === undefined) {
      console.error('getPhotoAsset failed');
      return;
    }
    // 调用媒体库落盘接口保存一阶段低质量图，二阶段真图就绪后媒体库会主动帮应用替换落盘图片
    mediaLibSavePhoto(photoAsset);
    // 调用媒体库接口注册低质量图或高质量图buffer回调，自定义处理
    mediaLibRequestBuffer(photoAsset);
  });
}

async function deferredCaptureCase(baseContext: common.BaseContext, surfaceId: string): Promise<void> {
  // 创建CameraManager对象
  let cameraManager: camera.CameraManager = camera.getCameraManager(baseContext);
  if (!cameraManager) {
    console.error("camera.getCameraManager error");
    return;
  }
  // 监听相机状态变化
  cameraManager.on('cameraStatus', (err: BusinessError, cameraStatusInfo: camera.CameraStatusInfo) => {
    if (err !== undefined && err.code !== 0) {
      console.error('cameraStatus with errorCode = ' + err.code);
      return;
    }
    console.info(`camera : ${cameraStatusInfo.camera.cameraId}`);
    console.info(`status: ${cameraStatusInfo.status}`);
  });

  // 获取相机列表
  let cameraArray: Array<camera.CameraDevice> = cameraManager.getSupportedCameras();
  if (cameraArray.length <= 0) {
    console.error("cameraManager.getSupportedCameras error");
    return;
  }

  for (let index = 0; index < cameraArray.length; index++) {
    console.info('cameraId : ' + cameraArray[index].cameraId);                          // 获取相机ID
    console.info('cameraPosition : ' + cameraArray[index].cameraPosition);              // 获取相机位置
    console.info('cameraType : ' + cameraArray[index].cameraType);                      // 获取相机类型
    console.info('connectionType : ' + cameraArray[index].connectionType);              // 获取相机连接类型
  }

  // 创建相机输入流
  let cameraInput: camera.CameraInput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    cameraInput = cameraManager.createCameraInput(cameraArray[0]);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to createCameraInput errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (cameraInput === undefined) {
    return;
  }

  // 监听cameraInput错误信息
  let cameraDevice: camera.CameraDevice = cameraArray[0];
  cameraInput.on('error', cameraDevice, (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Camera input error code: ${error.code}`);
  })

  // 打开相机
  await cameraInput.open();

  // 获取支持的模式类型
  let sceneModes: Array<camera.SceneMode> = cameraManager.getSupportedSceneModes(cameraArray[0]);
  let isSupportPhotoMode: boolean = sceneModes.indexOf(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO) >= 0;
  if (!isSupportPhotoMode) {
    console.error('photo mode not support');
    return;
  }
  // 获取相机设备支持的输出流能力
  let cameraOutputCap: camera.CameraOutputCapability = cameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability(cameraArray[0], camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO);
  if (!cameraOutputCap) {
    console.error("cameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability error");
    return;
  }
  console.info("outputCapability: " + JSON.stringify(cameraOutputCap));

  let previewProfilesArray: Array<camera.Profile> = cameraOutputCap.previewProfiles;
  if (!previewProfilesArray) {
    console.error("createOutput previewProfilesArray == null || undefined");
  }

  let photoProfilesArray: Array<camera.Profile> = cameraOutputCap.photoProfiles;
  if (!photoProfilesArray) {
    console.error("createOutput photoProfilesArray == null || undefined");
  }

  // 创建预览输出流,其中参数 surfaceId 参考上文 XComponent 组件，预览流为XComponent组件提供的surface
  let previewOutput: camera.PreviewOutput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    previewOutput = cameraManager.createPreviewOutput(previewProfilesArray[0], surfaceId);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error(`Failed to create the PreviewOutput instance. error code: ${err.code}`);
  }
  if (previewOutput === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 监听预览输出错误信息
  previewOutput.on('error', (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Preview output error code: ${error.code}`);
  });

  // 创建拍照输出流
  let photoOutput: camera.PhotoOutput | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    photoOutput = cameraManager.createPhotoOutput(photoProfilesArray[0]);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to createPhotoOutput errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (photoOutput === undefined) {
    return;
  }

  //注册监听photoAssetAvailable回调
  setPhotoOutputCb(photoOutput);

  //创建会话
  let photoSession: camera.PhotoSession | undefined = undefined;
  try {
    photoSession = cameraManager.createSession(camera.SceneMode.NORMAL_PHOTO) as camera.PhotoSession;
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to create the session instance. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (photoSession === undefined) {
    return;
  }
  // 监听session错误信息
  photoSession.on('error', (error: BusinessError) => {
    console.error(`Capture session error code: ${error.code}`);
  });

  // 开始配置会话
  try {
    photoSession.beginConfig();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to beginConfig. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 向会话中添加相机输入流
  try {
    photoSession.addInput(cameraInput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to addInput. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 向会话中添加预览输出流
  try {
    photoSession.addOutput(previewOutput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to addOutput(previewOutput). errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 向会话中添加拍照输出流
  try {
    photoSession.addOutput(photoOutput);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to addOutput(photoOutput). errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  // 提交会话配置
  await photoSession.commitConfig();

  // 启动会话
  await photoSession.start().then(() => {
    console.info('Promise returned to indicate the session start success.');
  });
  // 判断设备是否支持闪光灯
  let flashStatus: boolean = false;
  try {
    flashStatus = photoSession.hasFlash();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to hasFlash. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  console.info('Returned with the flash light support status:' + flashStatus);

  if (flashStatus) {
    // 判断是否支持自动闪光灯模式
    let flashModeStatus: boolean = false;
    try {
      let status: boolean = photoSession.isFlashModeSupported(camera.FlashMode.FLASH_MODE_AUTO);
      flashModeStatus = status;
    } catch (error) {
      let err = error as BusinessError;
      console.error('Failed to check whether the flash mode is supported. errorCode = ' + err.code);
    }
    if(flashModeStatus) {
      // 设置自动闪光灯模式
      try {
        photoSession.setFlashMode(camera.FlashMode.FLASH_MODE_AUTO);
      } catch (error) {
        let err = error as BusinessError;
        console.error('Failed to set the flash mode. errorCode = ' + err.code);
      }
    }
  }

  // 判断是否支持连续自动变焦模式
  let focusModeStatus: boolean = false;
  try {
    let status: boolean = photoSession.isFocusModeSupported(camera.FocusMode.FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_AUTO);
    focusModeStatus = status;
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to check whether the focus mode is supported. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }

  if (focusModeStatus) {
    // 设置连续自动变焦模式
    try {
      photoSession.setFocusMode(camera.FocusMode.FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_AUTO);
    } catch (error) {
      let err = error as BusinessError;
      console.error('Failed to set the focus mode. errorCode = ' + err.code);
    }
  }

  // 获取相机支持的可变焦距比范围
  let zoomRatioRange: Array<number> = [];
  try {
    zoomRatioRange = photoSession.getZoomRatioRange();
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to get the zoom ratio range. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  if (zoomRatioRange.length <= 0) {
    return;
  }
  // 设置可变焦距比
  try {
    photoSession.setZoomRatio(zoomRatioRange[0]);
  } catch (error) {
    let err = error as BusinessError;
    console.error('Failed to set the zoom ratio value. errorCode = ' + err.code);
  }
  let photoCaptureSetting: camera.PhotoCaptureSetting = {
    quality: camera.QualityLevel.QUALITY_LEVEL_HIGH, // 设置图片质量高
    rotation: camera.ImageRotation.ROTATION_0 // 设置图片旋转角度0
  }
  // 使用当前拍照设置进行拍照
  photoOutput.capture(photoCaptureSetting, (err: BusinessError) => {
    if (err) {
      console.error(`Failed to capture the photo ${err.message}`);
      return;
    }
    console.info('Callback invoked to indicate the photo capture request success.');
  });
  // 停止当前会话
  photoSession.stop();

  // 释放相机输入流
  cameraInput.close();

  // 释放预览输出流
  previewOutput.release();

  // 释放拍照输出流
  photoOutput.release();

  // 释放会话
  photoSession.release();

  // 会话置空
  photoSession = undefined;
}