Java中synchronize 与lock实现多线程同步

在“java多线程1-多线程创建与线程同步”这篇博文 提到创建多线程

import org.junit.Test;
class Work implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i = 0; i<3; ++i){
            System.out.println("thread "+Thread.currentThread().getName() +" is working " +i);
        }   
    }   
}
public class RunnableDemo  {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        Work work = new Work();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(work, "thread-1");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(work, "thread-2");
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
    }
}

结果来看两个线程是交替执行的，为了实现这两个线程中的其中一个先执行完3次操作，另外一个线程接着执行3次操作，这两个线程需要同步**，对代码做如下调整：

package com.qydev.mifeng.thread;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

class Worker implements Runnable {
    private int count = 0;
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    public void add() {
        ++count;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized(this){
            add();
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
                System.out.println("thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                    " is working " + i + " couter is " + (count));
            }
        }
    }
}

public class ThreadLockDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    Worker worker = new Worker();
    Thread thread1 = new Thread(worker, "thread-1");
    Thread thread2 = new Thread(worker, "thread-2");
    thread1.start();
    thread2.start();
    }
}

还可以使用lock来实现同步，上面的代码改动，见下面：

package com.qydev.mifeng.thread;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

class Worker implements Runnable {
    private int count = 0;
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    public void add() {
        ++count;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        lock.lock();
        try{
            add();
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
                System.out.println("thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                    " is working " + i + " couter is " + (count));
            }
        }finally{
            lock.unlock();
        }

    }
}

public class ThreadLockDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    Worker worker = new Worker();
    Thread thread1 = new Thread(worker, "thread-1");
    Thread thread2 = new Thread(worker, "thread-2");
    thread1.start();
    thread2.start();
    }

}

注意^-^：
1、使用ReentrantLock时，一般结合try…finally语句，如上代码，unlock放在finally中
2、定义lock对象应该放在run()方法前，不能在run（）中定义lock对象

参考：
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-jtp10264/index.html