Android Retrofit的使用基础篇（1）—简单的使用

简介：

Retrofit与Okhttp共同出自于Square公司，retrofit就是对Okhttp做了一层封装。把网络请求都交给给了Okhttp，我们只需要通过简单的配置就能使用Retrofit来进行网络请求了。下面是关于Retrofit学习的一个小Demo：<get请求>

1. 导包：

implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:design:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1'

2. 定义我们的api：（在这感谢gank.io）

http://gank.io/api/data/福利/50/1

2. 代码：

1>定义接口GankApiService

import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.http.GET;
import retrofit2.http.Path;

/**
 * @author jkloshhm 2018-05-16
 */
public interface GankApiService {

    /**
     * 根据category获取Android、iOS等干货数据
     *
     * @param category 类别
     * @param count    条目数目
     * @param page     页数
     * @return  Call<GankFuliDataResponse>
     */
    @GET("data/{category}/{count}/{page}")
    Call<GankFuliDataResponse> getCategoryData(@Path("category") String category, @Path("count") int count, @Path("page") int page);
}

2>新建请求实体类GankFuliDataResponse .java：

package com.example.jkloshhm.retrofitdemo;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author jkloshhm 2018-05-16
 */
public class GankFuliDataResponse {

    /**
     * error : false
     * results : [{"_id":"591a4a02421aa92c794632c8","createdAt":"2017-05-16T08:38:26.35Z","desc":"5-16",
     * "publishedAt":"2017-05-16T12:10:38.580Z","source":"chrome","type":"福利",
     * "url":"http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/large/610dc034ly1ffmwnrkv1hj20ku0q1wfu.jpg",
     * "used":true,"who":"daimajai"},{"_id":"59187082421aa91c8da340d1","createdAt":
     * "2017-05-14T22:58:10.836Z","desc":"5-14","publishedAt":"2017-05-15T12:03:44.165Z","source":
     * "chrome","type":"福利","url":"https://ws1.sinaimg.cn/large/610dc034ly1ffla9ostxuj20ku0q2abt.jpg",
     * "used":true,"who":"带马甲"},{"_id":"59154ae7421aa90c7a8b2b0d","createdAt":"2017-05-12T13:40:55.505Z",
     * "desc":"5-13","publishedAt":"2017-05-12T13:44:54.673Z","source":"chrome","type":"福利",
     * "url":"http://7xi8d6.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/2017-05-12-18380140_455327614813449_854681840315793408_n.jpg",
     * "used":true,"who":"daimajia"},{"_id":"5913d09d421aa90c7fefdd8e","createdAt":"2017-05-11T10:46:53.608Z",
     * "desc":"5-11","publishedAt":"2017-05-11T12:03:09.581Z","source":"chrome","type":"福利",
     * "url":"http://7xi8d6.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/2017-05-11-18380166_305443499890139_8426655762360565760_n.jpg",
     * "used":true,"who":"代码家"},{"_id":"591264ce421aa90c7a8b2aec","createdAt":"2017-05-10T08:54:38.531Z",
     * "desc":"5-10","publishedAt":"2017-05-10T11:56:10.18Z","source":"chrome","type":"福利",
     * "url":"http://7xi8d6.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/2017-05-10-18382517_1955528334668679_3605707761767153664_n.jpg","used":true,"who":"带马甲"}]
     */
    private boolean error;
    private List<ResultsBean> results;

    public boolean isError() {
        return error;
    }

    public void setError(boolean error) {
        this.error = error;
    }

    public List<ResultsBean> getResults() {
        return results;
    }

    public void setResults(List<ResultsBean> results) {
        this.results = results;
    }

    public static class ResultsBean {
        /**
         * _id : 591a4a02421aa92c794632c8
         * createdAt : 2017-05-16T08:38:26.35Z
         * desc : 5-16
         * publishedAt : 2017-05-16T12:10:38.580Z
         * source : chrome
         * type : 福利
         * url : http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/large/610dc034ly1ffmwnrkv1hj20ku0q1wfu.jpg
         * used : true
         * who : daimajai
         */

        private String _id;
        private String createdAt;
        private String desc;
        private String publishedAt;
        private String source;
        private String type;
        private String url;
        private boolean used;
        private String who;

        public String get_id() {
            return _id;
        }

        public void set_id(String _id) {
            this._id = _id;
        }

        public String getCreatedAt() {
            return createdAt;
        }

        public void setCreatedAt(String createdAt) {
            this.createdAt = createdAt;
        }

        public String getDesc() {
            return desc;
        }

        public void setDesc(String desc) {
            this.desc = desc;
        }

        public String getPublishedAt() {
            return publishedAt;
        }

        public void setPublishedAt(String publishedAt) {
            this.publishedAt = publishedAt;
        }

        public String getSource() {
            return source;
        }

        public void setSource(String source) {
            this.source = source;
        }

        public String getType() {
            return type;
        }

        public void setType(String type) {
            this.type = type;
        }

        public String getUrl() {
            return url;
        }

        public void setUrl(String url) {
            this.url = url;
        }

        public boolean isUsed() {
            return used;
        }

        public void setUsed(boolean used) {
            this.used = used;
        }

        public String getWho() {
            return who;
        }

        public void setWho(String who) {
            this.who = who;
        }
    }
}

3>主MainActivity.java

package com.example.jkloshhm.retrofitdemo;

import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.bumptech.glide.Glide;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.Callback;
import retrofit2.Response;
import retrofit2.Retrofit;
import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;

/**
 * @author jkloshhm 2018-05-16
 */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private FloatingActionButton fabButton;
    private ImageView imageView;
    private List<GankFuliDataResponse.ResultsBean> resultsBeanList;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        fabButton = findViewById(R.id.fab);
        imageView = findViewById(R.id.image);

        Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl("http://gank.io/api/")
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
                .build();
        GankApiService gankApiService = retrofit.create(GankApiService.class);
        //50代表有50条数据
        Call<GankFuliDataResponse> gankFuliDataResponse = gankApiService.getCategoryData("福利", 50, 1);
        gankFuliDataResponse.enqueue(new Callback<GankFuliDataResponse>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(@Nullable Call<GankFuliDataResponse> call,
                                   @Nullable final Response<GankFuliDataResponse> response) {

                resultsBeanList = response.body().getResults();
                if (resultsBeanList != null) {
                    String imgageurl = resultsBeanList.get(0).getUrl();
                    Glide.with(MainActivity.this).load(imgageurl).into(imageView);
                    //点击按钮显示50张图片中随机的一张
                    fabButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View v) {
                            Random random = new Random();
                            int i = random.nextInt(50);
                            Log.i("jkl", "随机数" + i);
                            String imgageurl = resultsBeanList.get(i).getUrl();
                            Glide.with(MainActivity.this)
                                    .load(imgageurl)
                                    .into(imageView);
                        }
                    });
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<GankFuliDataResponse> call, Throwable t) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "获取图片失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
}

4>activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />


    <android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton
        android:id="@+id/fab"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="end|bottom"
        android:layout_margin="16dp"
        android:clickable="true"
        app:borderWidth="1dp"
        app:elevation="3dp"
        app:pressedTranslationZ="6dp"
        app:rippleColor="#ffffff" />

</FrameLayout>

5>Mainfest里面加上Intent权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>