1、urlPattern配置
Servlet类编写好后,要想被访问到,就需要配置其访问路径(urlPattern
)
-
一个Servlet,可以配置多个urlPattern
package com.itheima.web; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; /** * urlPattern: 一个Servlet可以配置多个访问路径 */ @WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/demo1","/demo2"}) public class ServletDemo7 extends MyHttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { System.out.println("demo1 get..."); } @Override protected void doPost(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { } }
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urlPattern配置规则
-
精确匹配
/** * UrlPattern: * * 精确匹配 */ @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/user/select") public class ServletDemo8 extends MyHttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { System.out.println("demo8 get..."); } @Override protected void doPost(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { } }
-
目录匹配
package com.itheima.web; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; /** * UrlPattern: * * 目录匹配: /user/* */ @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/user/*") public class ServletDemo9 extends MyHttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { System.out.println("demo9 get..."); } @Override protected void doPost(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { } }
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扩展名匹配
package com.itheima.web; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; /** * UrlPattern: * * 扩展名匹配: *.do */ @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "*.do") public class ServletDemo10 extends MyHttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { System.out.println("demo10 get..."); } @Override protected void doPost(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { } }
访问路径
http://localhost:8080/web-demo/任意.do
注意:
- 如果路径配置的不是扩展名,那么在路径的前面就必须要加
/
否则会报错 - 如果路径配置的是
*.do
,那么在*.do的前面不能加/
,否则会报错
- 如果路径配置的不是扩展名,那么在路径的前面就必须要加
-
任意匹配
package com.itheima.web; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; /** * UrlPattern: * * 任意匹配: / */ @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/") public class ServletDemo11 extends MyHttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { System.out.println("demo11 get..."); } @Override protected void doPost(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { } }
package com.itheima.web; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; /** * UrlPattern: * * 任意匹配: /* */ @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/*") public class ServletDemo12 extends MyHttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { System.out.println("demo12 get..."); } @Override protected void doPost(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) { } }
注意:
/
和/*
的区别?-
当我们的项目中的Servlet配置了 “/”,会覆盖掉tomcat中的DefaultServlet,当其他的url-pattern都匹配不上时都会走这个Servlet
-
当我们的项目中配置了"/*",意味着匹配任意访问路径
-
DefaultServlet是用来处理静态资源,如果配置了"/"会把默认的覆盖掉,就会引发请求静态资源的时候没有走默认的而是走了自定义的Servlet类,最终导致静态资源不能被访问
-
-
五种配置的优先级为
精确匹配
>目录匹配
>扩展名匹配
>/*
>/
-
2、XML配置
前面对应Servlet的配置,我们都使用的是@WebServlet,这个是Servlet从3.0版本后开始支持注解配置,3.0版本前只支持XML配置文件的配置方法。
对于XML的配置步骤有两步:
- 编写Servlet类
package com.itheima.web;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
public class ServletDemo13 extends MyHttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) {
System.out.println("demo13 get...");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) {
}
}
- 在web.xml中配置该Servlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--
Servlet 全类名
-->
<servlet>
<!-- servlet的名称,名字任意-->
<servlet-name>demo13</servlet-name>
<!--servlet的类全名-->
<servlet-class>com.itheima.web.ServletDemo13</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<!--
Servlet 访问路径
-->
<servlet-mapping>
<!-- servlet的名称,要和上面的名称一致-->
<servlet-name>demo13</servlet-name>
<!-- servlet的访问路径-->
<url-pattern>/demo13</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>