curl调用接口方法

通过curl -h我们可以获取到所有curl的命令以及其用法描述。

Usage: curl [options...] <url>
Options: (H) means HTTP/HTTPS only, (F) means FTP only
     --anyauth       Pick "any" authentication method (H) 可以使用“任何”身份验证方法
 -a, --append        Append to target file when uploading (F/SFTP)  上传文件时，附加到目标文件
     --basic         Use HTTP Basic Authentication (H)  使用HTTP基本验证
     --cacert FILE   CA certificate to verify peer against (SSL) 
     --capath DIR    CA directory to verify peer against (SSL)
 -E, --cert CERT[:PASSWD]  Client certificate file and password (SSL)
     --cert-status   Verify the status of the server certificate (SSL)
     --cert-type TYPE  Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --ciphers LIST  SSL ciphers to use (SSL)
     --compressed    Request compressed response (using deflate or gzip)
 -K, --config FILE   Read config from FILE
     --connect-timeout SECONDS  Maximum time allowed for connection
     --connect-to HOST1:PORT1:HOST2:PORT2 Connect to host (network level)
 -C, --continue-at OFFSET  Resumed transfer OFFSET
 -b, --cookie STRING/FILE  Read cookies from STRING/FILE (H)
 -c, --cookie-jar FILE  Write cookies to FILE after operation (H)
     --create-dirs   Create necessary local directory hierarchy
     --crlf          Convert LF to CRLF in upload
     --crlfile FILE  Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file
 -d, --data DATA     HTTP POST data (H)  HTTP POST方式传送数据
     --data-raw DATA  HTTP POST data, '@' allowed (H)
     --data-ascii DATA  HTTP POST ASCII data (H)
     --data-binary DATA  HTTP POST binary data (H)
     --data-urlencode DATA  HTTP POST data url encoded (H)
     --delegation STRING  GSS-API delegation permission
     --digest        Use HTTP Digest Authentication (H)
     --disable-eprt  Inhibit using EPRT or LPRT (F)
     --disable-epsv  Inhibit using EPSV (F)
     --dns-servers   DNS server addrs to use: 1.1.1.1;2.2.2.2
     --dns-interface  Interface to use for DNS requests
     --dns-ipv4-addr  IPv4 address to use for DNS requests, dot notation
     --dns-ipv6-addr  IPv6 address to use for DNS requests, dot notation
 -D, --dump-header FILE  Write the received headers to FILE
     --egd-file FILE  EGD socket path for random data (SSL)
     --engine ENGINE  Crypto engine (use "--engine list" for list) (SSL)
     --expect100-timeout SECONDS How long to wait for 100-continue (H)
 -f, --fail          Fail silently (no output at all) on HTTP errors (H)
     --fail-early    Fail on first transfer error, do not continue
     --false-start   Enable TLS False Start.
 -F, --form CONTENT  Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)
     --form-string STRING  Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)
     --ftp-account DATA  Account data string (F)
     --ftp-alternative-to-user COMMAND  String to replace "USER [name]" (F)
     --ftp-create-dirs  Create the remote dirs if not present (F)
     --ftp-method [MULTICWD/NOCWD/SINGLECWD]  Control CWD usage (F)
     --ftp-pasv      Use PASV/EPSV instead of PORT (F)
 -P, --ftp-port ADR  Use PORT with given address instead of PASV (F)
     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip  Skip the IP address for PASV (F)
     --ftp-pret      Send PRET before PASV (for drftpd) (F)
     --ftp-ssl-ccc   Send CCC after authenticating (F)
     --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode ACTIVE/PASSIVE  Set CCC mode (F)
     --ftp-ssl-control  Require SSL/TLS for FTP login, clear for transfer (F)
 -G, --get           Send the -d data with a HTTP GET (H)
 -g, --globoff       Disable URL sequences and ranges using {} and []
 -H, --header LINE   Pass custom header LINE to server (H)
 -I, --head          Show document info only
 -h, --help          This help text
     --hostpubmd5 MD5  Hex-encoded MD5 string of the host public key. (SSH)
 -0, --http1.0       Use HTTP 1.0 (H)
     --http1.1       Use HTTP 1.1 (H)
     --http2         Use HTTP 2 (H)
     --http2-prior-knowledge  Use HTTP 2 without HTTP/1.1 Upgrade (H)
     --ignore-content-length  Ignore the HTTP Content-Length header
 -i, --include       Include protocol headers in the output (H/F)
 -k, --insecure      Allow connections to SSL sites without certs (H)
     --interface INTERFACE  Use network INTERFACE (or address)
 -4, --ipv4          Resolve name to IPv4 address
 -6, --ipv6          Resolve name to IPv6 address
 -j, --junk-session-cookies  Ignore session cookies read from file (H)
     --keepalive-time SECONDS  Wait SECONDS between keepalive probes
     --key KEY       Private key file name (SSL/SSH)
     --key-type TYPE  Private key file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --krb LEVEL     Enable Kerberos with security LEVEL (F)
     --libcurl FILE  Dump libcurl equivalent code of this command line
     --limit-rate RATE  Limit transfer speed to RATE
 -l, --list-only     List only mode (F/POP3)
     --local-port RANGE  Force use of RANGE for local port numbers
 -L, --location      Follow redirects (H)
     --location-trusted  Like '--location', and send auth to other hosts (H)
     --login-options OPTIONS  Server login options (IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
 -M, --manual        Display the full manual
     --mail-from FROM  Mail from this address (SMTP)
     --mail-rcpt TO  Mail to this/these addresses (SMTP)
     --mail-auth AUTH  Originator address of the original email (SMTP)
     --max-filesize BYTES  Maximum file size to download (H/F)
     --max-redirs NUM  Maximum number of redirects allowed (H)
 -m, --max-time SECONDS  Maximum time allowed for the transfer
     --metalink      Process given URLs as metalink XML file
     --negotiate     Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication (H)
 -n, --netrc         Must read .netrc for user name and password
     --netrc-optional  Use either .netrc or URL; overrides -n
     --netrc-file FILE  Specify FILE for netrc
 -:, --next          Allows the following URL to use a separate set of options
     --no-alpn       Disable the ALPN TLS extension (H)
 -N, --no-buffer     Disable buffering of the output stream
     --no-keepalive  Disable keepalive use on the connection
     --no-npn        Disable the NPN TLS extension (H)
     --no-sessionid  Disable SSL session-ID reusing (SSL)
     --noproxy       List of hosts which do not use proxy
     --ntlm          Use HTTP NTLM authentication (H)
     --ntlm-wb       Use HTTP NTLM authentication with winbind (H)
     --oauth2-bearer TOKEN  OAuth 2 Bearer Token (IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
 -o, --output FILE   Write to FILE instead of stdout
     --pass PASS     Pass phrase for the private key (SSL/SSH)
     --path-as-is    Do not squash .. sequences in URL path
     --pinnedpubkey FILE/HASHES Public key to verify peer against (SSL)
     --post301       Do not switch to GET after following a 301 redirect (H)
     --post302       Do not switch to GET after following a 302 redirect (H)
     --post303       Do not switch to GET after following a 303 redirect (H)
     --preproxy [PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT] Proxy before HTTP(S) proxy
 -#, --progress-bar  Display transfer progress as a progress bar
     --proto PROTOCOLS  Enable/disable PROTOCOLS
     --proto-default PROTOCOL  Use PROTOCOL for any URL missing a scheme
     --proto-redir PROTOCOLS   Enable/disable PROTOCOLS on redirect
 -x, --proxy [PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT]  Use proxy on given port
     --proxy-anyauth  Pick "any" proxy authentication method (H)
     --proxy-basic   Use Basic authentication on the proxy (H)
     --proxy-digest  Use Digest authentication on the proxy (H)
     --proxy-cacert FILE CA certificate to verify peer against for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-capath DIR CA directory to verify peer against for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-cert CERT[:PASSWD] Client certificate file and password for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-cert-type TYPE Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-ciphers LIST SSL ciphers to use for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-crlfile FILE Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file for proxy
     --proxy-insecure Allow connections to SSL sites without certs for proxy (H)
     --proxy-key KEY Private key file name for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-key-type TYPE Private key file type for proxy (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --proxy-negotiate  Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication on the proxy (H)
     --proxy-ntlm    Use NTLM authentication on the proxy (H)
     --proxy-header LINE Pass custom header LINE to proxy (H)
     --proxy-pass PASS Pass phrase for the private key for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-tlsv1   Use TLSv1 for proxy (SSL)
     --proxy-tlsuser USER TLS username for proxy
     --proxy-tlspassword STRING TLS password for proxy
     --proxy-tlsauthtype STRING TLS authentication type for proxy (default SRP)
     --proxy-service-name NAME  SPNEGO proxy service name
     --service-name NAME  SPNEGO service name
 -U, --proxy-user USER[:PASSWORD]  Proxy user and password
     --proxy1.0 HOST[:PORT]  Use HTTP/1.0 proxy on given port
 -p, --proxytunnel   Operate through a HTTP proxy tunnel (using CONNECT)
     --pubkey KEY    Public key file name (SSH)
 -Q, --quote CMD     Send command(s) to server before transfer (F/SFTP)
     --random-file FILE  File for reading random data from (SSL)
 -r, --range RANGE   Retrieve only the bytes within RANGE
     --raw           Do HTTP "raw"; no transfer decoding (H)
 -e, --referer       Referer URL (H)
 -J, --remote-header-name  Use the header-provided filename (H)
 -O, --remote-name   Write output to a file named as the remote file
     --remote-name-all  Use the remote file name for all URLs
 -R, --remote-time   Set the remote file's time on the local output
 -X, --request COMMAND  Specify request command to use
     --resolve HOST:PORT:ADDRESS  Force resolve of HOST:PORT to ADDRESS
     --retry NUM   Retry request NUM times if transient problems occur
     --retry-connrefused  Retry on connection refused (use with --retry)
     --retry-delay SECONDS  Wait SECONDS between retries
     --retry-max-time SECONDS  Retry only within this period
     --sasl-ir       Enable initial response in SASL authentication
 -S, --show-error    Show error. With -s, make curl show errors when they occur
 -s, --silent        Silent mode (don't output anything)
     --socks4 HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS4 proxy on given host + port
     --socks4a HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS4a proxy on given host + port
     --socks5 HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS5 proxy on given host + port
     --socks5-hostname HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS5 proxy, pass host name to proxy
     --socks5-gssapi-service NAME  SOCKS5 proxy service name for GSS-API
     --socks5-gssapi-nec  Compatibility with NEC SOCKS5 server
 -Y, --speed-limit RATE  Stop transfers below RATE for 'speed-time' secs
 -y, --speed-time SECONDS  Trigger 'speed-limit' abort after SECONDS (default: 30)
     --ssl           Try SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
     --ssl-reqd      Require SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
 -2, --sslv2         Use SSLv2 (SSL)
 -3, --sslv3         Use SSLv3 (SSL)
     --ssl-allow-beast  Allow security flaw to improve interop (SSL)
     --ssl-no-revoke    Disable cert revocation checks (WinSSL)
     --stderr FILE   Where to redirect stderr (use "-" for stdout)
     --suppress-connect-headers  Suppress proxy CONNECT response headers
     --tcp-nodelay   Use the TCP_NODELAY option
     --tcp-fastopen  Use TCP Fast Open
 -t, --telnet-option OPT=VAL  Set telnet option
     --tftp-blksize VALUE  Set TFTP BLKSIZE option (must be >512)
     --tftp-no-options  Do not send TFTP options requests
 -z, --time-cond TIME   Transfer based on a time condition
 -1, --tlsv1         Use >= TLSv1 (SSL)
     --tlsv1.0       Use TLSv1.0 (SSL)
     --tlsv1.1       Use TLSv1.1 (SSL)
     --tlsv1.2       Use TLSv1.2 (SSL)
     --tlsv1.3       Use TLSv1.3 (SSL)
     --tls-max VERSION  Use TLS up to VERSION (SSL)
     --trace FILE    Write a debug trace to FILE
     --trace-ascii FILE  Like --trace, but without hex output
     --trace-time    Add time stamps to trace/verbose output
     --tr-encoding   Request compressed transfer encoding (H)
 -T, --upload-file FILE  Transfer FILE to destination
     --url URL       URL to work with
 -B, --use-ascii     Use ASCII/text transfer 使用ASCII文本传输
 -u, --user USER[:PASSWORD]  Server user and password
     --tlsuser USER  TLS username
     --tlspassword STRING  TLS password
     --tlsauthtype STRING  TLS authentication type (default: SRP)
     --unix-socket PATH    Connect through this Unix domain socket
     --abstract-unix-socket PATH Connect to an abstract Unix domain socket
 -A, --user-agent STRING  Send User-Agent STRING to server (H)
 -v, --verbose       Make the operation more talkative
 -V, --version       Show version number and quit
 -w, --write-out FORMAT  Use output FORMAT after completion
     --xattr         Store metadata in extended file attributes
 -q, --disable       Disable .curlrc (must be first parameter)

以下介绍几种简单的命令

1. curl url(获取该网址的文本信息)

   curl www.zhujy.com

   这就是获取的www.zhujy.com信息
   <!DOCTYPE html>
   <html>
   <head>
   <title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
   <style>
       body {
           width: 35em;
           margin: 0 auto;
           font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
       }
   </style>
   </head>
   <body>
   <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
   <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
   working. Further configuration is required.</p>
   
   <p>For online documentation and support please refer to
   <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
   Commercial support is available at
   <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
   
   <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
   </body>
   </html>
   

2.  curl -i url(获取该网址的文本信息以及协议头部信息)

   curl  -i www.zhujy.com

   这就是获取的www.zhujy.com文本信息以及协议头部信息。
   HTTP/1.1 200 OK
   Server: nginx/1.14.0
   Date: Mon, 11 Mar 2019 02:06:55 GMT
   Content-Type: text/html
   Content-Length: 612
   Last-Modified: Mon, 29 Oct 2018 09:52:22 GMT
   Connection: keep-alive
   ETag: "5bd6d856-264"
   Accept-Ranges: bytes
   
   <!DOCTYPE html>
   <html>
   <head>
   <title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
   <style>
       body {
           width: 35em;
           margin: 0 auto;
           font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
       }
   </style>
   </head>
   <body>
   <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
   <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
   working. Further configuration is required.</p>
   
   <p>For online documentation and support please refer to
   <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
   Commercial support is available at
   <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
   
   <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
   </body>
   </html>
   
   

3. curl -x proxy url(使用代理获取网页文本信息)

   curl -x 47.94.151.148:80 zhujy.com.cn

   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
   
   <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
       <head>
           <title>Test Page for the Nginx HTTP Server on Fedora</title>
           <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
           <style type="text/css">
               /*<![CDATA[*/
               body {
                   background-color: #fff;
                   color: #000;
                   font-size: 0.9em;
                   font-family: sans-serif,helvetica;
                   margin: 0;
                   padding: 0;
               }
               :link {
                   color: #c00;
               }
               :visited {
                   color: #c00;
               }
               a:hover {
                   color: #f50;
               }
               h1 {
                   text-align: center;
                   margin: 0;
                   padding: 0.6em 2em 0.4em;
                   background-color: #294172;
                   color: #fff;
                   font-weight: normal;
                   font-size: 1.75em;
                   border-bottom: 2px solid #000;
               }
               h1 strong {
                   font-weight: bold;
                   font-size: 1.5em;
               }
               h2 {
                   text-align: center;
                   background-color: #3C6EB4;
                   font-size: 1.1em;
                   font-weight: bold;
                   color: #fff;
                   margin: 0;
                   padding: 0.5em;
                   border-bottom: 2px solid #294172;
               }
               hr {
                   display: none;
               }
               .content {
                   padding: 1em 5em;
               }
               .alert {
                   border: 2px solid #000;
               }
   
               img {
                   border: 2px solid #fff;
                   padding: 2px;
                   margin: 2px;
               }
               a:hover img {
                   border: 2px solid #294172;
               }
               .logos {
                   margin: 1em;
                   text-align: center;
               }
               /*]]>*/
           </style>
       </head>
   
       <body>
           <h1>Welcome to <strong>nginx</strong> on Fedora!</h1>
   
           <div class="content">
               <p>This page is used to test the proper operation of the
               <strong>nginx</strong> HTTP server after it has been
               installed. If you can read this page, it means that the
               web server installed at this site is working
               properly.</p>
   
               <div class="alert">
                   <h2>Website Administrator</h2>
                   <div class="content">
                       <p>This is the default <tt>index.html</tt> page that
                       is distributed with <strong>nginx</strong> on
                       Fedora.  It is located in
                       <tt>/usr/share/nginx/html</tt>.</p>
   
                       <p>You should now put your content in a location of
                       your choice and edit the <tt>root</tt> configuration
                       directive in the <strong>nginx</strong>
                       configuration file
                       <tt>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</tt>.</p>
   
                   </div>
               </div>
   
               <div class="logos">
                   <a href="http://nginx.net/"><img
                       src="nginx-logo.png" 
                       alt="[ Powered by nginx ]"
                       width="121" height="32" /></a>
   
                   <a href="http://fedoraproject.org/"><img 
                       src="poweredby.png" 
                       alt="[ Powered by Fedora ]" 
                       width="88" height="31" /></a>
               </div>
           </div>
       </body>
   </html>
   
   

4. curl -I url(仅返回请求头部信息)

   curl -I www.zhujy.com.cn

   HTTP/1.1 200 OK
   Server: nginx/1.14.0
   Date: Mon, 11 Mar 2019 03:34:29 GMT
   Content-Type: text/html
   Content-Length: 612
   Last-Modified: Mon, 29 Oct 2018 09:52:22 GMT
   Connection: keep-alive
   ETag: "5bd6d856-264"
   Accept-Ranges: bytes

5. curl -i -X get -H "Content-Type:application/json" url (使用get模拟json格式请求接口)

   curl -i -X GET -H 'Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'  'http://url/bind/agentOnWork/v2?Sig=*******?type=1&proviceName=广东&operator=GD222&productName=CESHI&userId=13871576780'

6. curl -i -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/json" -d‘{}’ url (使用post模拟json格式请求接口) 

   curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8' -d '{"type":"1","proviceName":"广东","operator":"GD222","productName":"CESHI","userId":"13871576780"}'  'http://url/bind/agentOnWork/v2?Sig=*******'