1、在window上的区别
var a = 100;console.log(a,window.a); // 100 100
let b = 10;console.log(b,window.b); // 10 undefined
const c = 1;console.log(c,window.c); // 1 undefined
var可以挂载在window上,但let和const则不会挂载在window上面。
2、变量提升的区别
console.log(a); // undefined
var a = 100;
console.log(b);// 报错:b is not defined
let b = 10;
console.log(c); // 报错:c is not defined
const c = 10;
var 可以将变量名提前,变量值不提前 ,但let和const变量名都不能提前;
3、let和const会形成块作用域
if(true){
var a = 100;
let b = 10;
}
console.log(a); // 100
console.log(b) // 报错:b is not defined
if(true){
var a = 100;
let c = 10;
}
console.log(a); // 100
console.log(c) // 报错:c is not defined
var 不会形成块级作用域,可以在变量名之后调用,但let和const则会形成块级作用域,在外部不可调用,如果调用,直接报错
4、同一作用域下let和const不能声明同名变量
var a = 100;
console.log(a); // 100
var a = 10;
console.log(a); // 10
let a = 100;
let a = 10;
//Uncaught SyntaxError: Identifier 'a' has already been declared
//重复定义
const a = 100;
const a = 10;
//Uncaught SyntaxError: Identifier 'a' has already been declared
//重复定义
在一个作用域之下,var可以重复定义 ,但let和const则不能重复定义,重复定义会报错
5、暂时性死区
console.log(a); // undefined
var a = 10;
console.log(a); // 报错 Uncaught ReferenceError: Cannot access 'a' before initialization
let a = 10;
console.log(a); // 报错 Uncaught ReferenceError: Cannot access 'a' before initialization
const a = 10;
let和const会形成暂时性死区,在声明之前不能被调用 ,调用就会报错 ,var 可以调用,不过显示的是undefined
6、const声明后不能再修改
var a= 10;
a = 100;
console.log(a);//100
let a= 10;
a = 100;
console.log(a);//100
const a= 10;
a = 100;
console.log(a);//报错 Uncaught TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.
var、let在声明之后它们的值可以再进行赋值 ,但是const的值声明之后在区域内就是固定的,不可进行修改的 ,修改则就直接报错