Gateway网关

引入maven依赖

		 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
         </dependency>

注意：引入gateway依赖的同时，引入nacos依赖，成为微服务，实现服务之间的调用
配置文件application.yml

如果项目中引用了springboot中内置的tomcat，在地址重写的时候会报异常

cannot be cast to org.springframework.core.io.buffer.NettyDataBufferFactory

如使用servlet则需引入

 		<dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

地址转发举例：

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: host_route
        uri: http://example.org
        predicates:
        - Path=/foo/{segment},/bar/{segment} # 可以转发，但不能转发地址后的参数
        - Path=/**/** #匹配所有路径及子路径

这个路由匹配以/foo或者/bar开头的路径，转发到http:example.org/foo或者/bar开头的路径。例如 /foo/1 or /foo/bar or /bar/baz.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: nacos-consumer 唯一标识
          ## uri: http://127.0.0.1:8080 建议使用服务名
          lb://nacos-consumer
          predicates:
            - Path=/hi

predicates将网关端口匹配/hi的地址转发到uri下的/hi
http://192.168.56.1:8888/hi->http://192.168.56.1:8000/hi

地址转发

		- id: time
          uri: lb://leyou-time-server
          predicates:
            - Path=/time/**
          filters:
            - RewritePath=/time(?<segment>/?.*),$\{segment}

网关端口下以“/time/(路径)”开头的地址，转发到uri/(路径)的地址
http://192.168.56.1:8888/time/getTime->http://192.168.56.1:8000/getTime

自定义过滤器

1.创建自定义过滤器类实现GatewayFilter接口，添加到spring容器中，重写public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain)方法
以校验登录cookie为例

 	@Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {

        // 获取request和response，注意：不是HttpServletRequest及HttpServletResponse
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        // 获取所有cookie
        MultiValueMap<String, HttpCookie> cookies = request.getCookies();
        // 如果cookies为空或者不包含指定的token，则相应认证未通过
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(cookies) || !cookies.containsKey(this.jwtProperties.getCookieName())) {
            // 响应未认证！
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            // 结束请求
            return response.setComplete();
        }
        // 获取cookie
        HttpCookie cookie = cookies.getFirst(this.jwtProperties.getCookieName());
        try {
            // 校验cookie
            JwtUtils.getInfoFromToken(cookie.getValue(), this.jwtProperties.getPublicKey());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            // 校验失败，响应未认证
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }

        // 认证通过放行
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

2.创建过滤器工厂，继承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<Object>类，并注入到spring容器中，将自定义的过滤器对象注入到重写的apply方法中

@Component
public class AuthGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<Object> {

    @Autowired
    private AuthGatewayFilter authGatewayFilter;

    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(Object config) {
        return authGatewayFilter;
    }
}

3.配置文件使用过滤器，只需要命名前缀