句柄类例子

class item_base

{

public:

item_base(const string& str = "",double nprice = 0.0 ):isbn(str),price(nprice){}

~item_base(){}

virtual int count_price( int count ){ cout<< (count*price) << endl;  return count*price ;}

virtual item_base* clone(){ return new item_base(*this); }

protected:

string  isbn;

double price;

};

 

class bulk_item:public item_base

{

public:

//派生类成员的初始化

bulk_item(const string& str,double nPrice,double ndiscount =0.1):item_base(str,nPrice),discount( ndiscount ){}

int count_price( int count ) 

{

if ( count>100 )

{

cout<< count*(1-discount)*price <<endl;

return  count*(1-discount)*price;

}

}

 

bulk_item* clone() { return new bulk_item(*this) ;}

private:

double discount;

};

 

class sales_item

{

public:

sales_item(item_base& item):p (item.clone()),use( new size_t(1)){}

~sales_item(){ desc_sales();}

sales_item(const sales_item& item): p(item.p),use(item.use){ ++*use;}

sales_item& operator = (const sales_item& i);

 

item_base* operator ->() 

{

if (p)

{

return p;

}

}

 

 

private:

item_base* p;

size_t*    use;

void desc_sales(){ if( --*use == 0) delete p;delete use;}

};

 

inline sales_item& sales_item::operator =(const sales_item & i)

{

++*(i.use);

desc_sales();

p = i.p;

use = i.use;

return *this;

}

 

//代码过程中产生的问题

//1、函数前忘记加public，默认private的了。

//2、clone()函数忘记加virtual，导致生成的类指针不对，因为不是虚函数，item_base的引用直接就在item_base类中查找函数，不在

//去动态绑定，所以产生错误。

 

//因为是成员函数访问私有成员，没有问题。

 

void main()

{

item_base tempitem("hello",100);

bulk_item tempbulk("word",100);

sales_item item1(tempitem);

sales_item item2(tempbulk);

item1->count_price(150);

cout<<"------------------"<<endl;

item2->count_price(150);

 

}