linux环境下动态链接库的安装和使用

以libevent为例

wget https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.12-stable/libevent-2.1.12-stable.tar.gz
mkdir libevent_install
tar xzvf libevent-2.1.12-stable.tar.gz -C libevent_install

cd进去

./configure
sudo make
sudo make install

库被安装到/usr/local/lib
cd进入sample
随便编译一个sample, 使用-l指定库名

gcc -o hello-world hello-world.c -levent

编译成功后，直接执行hello-world很可能会报错，因为找不到动态链接库
可以使用

ldd hello-world

检查程序的动态库引用

注意安装时的最后一段话
If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
specify the full pathname of the library, or use the ‘-LLIBDIR’
flag during linking and do at least one of the following:

• add LIBDIR to the ‘LD_LIBRARY_PATH’ environment variable
  during execution
• add LIBDIR to the ‘