将字符串以各种编码格式写入文件（练习作）

初识Java的字符编码格式。做了一下练习。

将字符串分别以GBK、UTF-8、ISO-8859-1三种编码格式输出到文件中。

环境：JRE：1.6.0_02         JVM的默认字符集：GBK

主要函数：

1）获取字符串的指定编码字节流：byte[] String.getBytes(String charSetName);

2）根据指定编码的字节流构造字符串：String(byte[],charSetName);

由于ISO-8859-1编码不支持中文等非英语字符编码，所以字符串先转换成GBK字节流后再转成的ISO-8859-1。

package com.kevin.stringcoding.file;

/**
 * 输出流接口
 * @author xxx
 *
 */
public interface IFileStream4String {
	/**
	 * 将文件中的字节流读到字符串
	 * @param path
	 * @return
	 */
	public String read4String(String path);
	
	/**
	 * 将字符串写入字节流文件
	 * @param path
	 * @param content
	 */
	public void write4String(String path, String content);
}

package com.kevin.stringcoding.file;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

/**
 * 通用字节流读写文件的基类
 * 子类需要实现abstract String getCharsetName();
 * @author xxx
 *
 */
public abstract class ByteFileStream4String implements IFileStream4String {

	@Override
	public String read4String(String path) {
		FileInputStream in = null;
		try{
			in = new FileInputStream(path);
			int size = in.available();
			byte [] bytes = new byte[size];
			size = in.read(bytes);
			return new String(bytes,getCharsetName());
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			return "";
		}finally{
			FileUtil.closeInputStream(in);
		}
	}
	@Override
	public void write4String(String path, String content) {
		FileOutputStream out = null;
		try{
			out = new FileOutputStream(path);
			byte [] bytes = content.getBytes(getCharsetName());
			out.write(bytes);
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			FileUtil.closeOutputStream(out);
		}
		
	}
	abstract String getCharsetName();
}

package com.kevin.stringcoding.file;

/**
 * 输出ISO编码字节流文件
 * @author xxx
 *
 */
public class UTF8FileStream4String extends ByteFileStream4String{

	@Override
	String getCharsetName() {
		return "UTF-8";
	}
}

package com.kevin.stringcoding.file;

/**
 * 输出GBK编码字节流文件
 * @author xxx
 *
 */
public class GBKFileStream4String extends ByteFileStream4String {

	@Override
	String getCharsetName() {
		return "GBK";
	}
}

package com.kevin.stringcoding.file;

/**
 * 输出ISO编码字节流文件
 * 由于ISO-8859-1编码不支持中文等非英语字符编码，
 * 所以字符串先转换成GBK字节流后再转成的ISO-8859-1。
 * 
 * 读与写相反
 * @author xxx
 *
 */
public class ISOFileStream4String extends ByteFileStream4String {

	@Override
	public String read4String(String path) {
		try{
			String tmp = super.read4String(path);
			String [] strs = tmp.split("%");
			byte [] tmpBytes  = new byte[strs.length];
			for(int i = 0;i<strs.length;++i){
				tmpBytes[i] = Byte.valueOf(strs[i]);
			}
			return new String(tmpBytes,"GBK");
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			return "";
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public void write4String(String path, String content) {
		try{
			
			byte [] gbkBytes = content.getBytes("GBK");
			StringBuffer isoStr = new StringBuffer();
			for(byte b : gbkBytes){
				isoStr.append(String.valueOf(b)+"%");
			}
			super.write4String(path, isoStr.substring(0,isoStr.length()-1));
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	String getCharsetName() {
		return "ISO-8859-1";
	}
}

测试代码

package com.kevin.stringcoding.file;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import org.junit.Test;

public class TestCharSetDemo {
	IFileStream4String stream = null;
	String content = "Hello 中国";

	@Test
	public void testSave2UTF8(){
		stream = new UTF8FileStream4String();
		String path1 = "utf8.dat";
		stream.write4String(path1,content);
		String content1 = stream.read4String(path1);
		assertEquals(content, content1);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSave2GBK(){
		stream = new GBKFileStream4String();
		String path1 = "gbk.dat";
		stream.write4String(path1,content);
		String content1 = stream.read4String(path1);
		assertEquals(content, content1);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSave2ISO(){
		stream = new ISOFileStream4String();
		String path1 = "iso.dat";
		stream.write4String(path1,content);
		String content1 = stream.read4String(path1);
		assertEquals(content, content1);
	}
}