配置GDB以支持查看stl容器数据

 http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/44543/showart_1953788.html

1. 下载 http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/src/dbinit_stl_views-1.03.txt

 

2. #cat dbinit_stl_views-1.03.txt >> ~/.gdbinit

 

3. 若正处于gdb中，运行命令:

   (gdb) source ~/.gdbinit

 

4. 例如，如下代码：

bugging.cpp

# include < vector > using namespace std ; int main( ) { vector < int > vec; vec. push_back( 2) ; vec. push_back( 3) ; vec. push_back( 4) ; return 0; }

 

编译：

 

#g+ + - o bugging - g bugging. cpp

gdb调试：

# gdb bugging GNU gdb 6. 8 Copyright ( C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+ : GNU GPL version 3 or later < http: //gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "i486-slackware-linux" . . . ( gdb) help pvector Prints std : : vector < T> information. Syntax: pvector < vector > < idx1> < idx2> Note: idx, idx1 and idx2 must be in acceptable range [ 0. . < vector > . size( ) - 1] . Examples: pvector v - Prints vector content, size, capacity and T typedef pvector v 0 - Prints element[ idx] from vector pvector v 1 2 - Prints elements in range [ idx1. . idx2] from vector ( gdb) break main Breakpoint 1 at 0x80485c6: file bugging. cpp, line 6. ( gdb) run Starting program: / root/ learn/ c+ + / bugging Breakpoint 1, main ( ) at bugging. cpp: 6 6        vector < int > vec; ( gdb) n 7        vec. push_back( 2) ; ( gdb) 8        vec. push_back( 3) ; ( gdb) pvector Prints std : : vector < T> information. Syntax: pvector < vector > < idx1> < idx2> Note: idx, idx1 and idx2 must be in acceptable range [ 0. . < vector > . size( ) - 1] . Examples: pvector v - Prints vector content, size, capacity and T typedef pvector v 0 - Prints element[ idx] from vector pvector v 1 2 - Prints elements in range [ idx1. . idx2] from vector ( gdb) pvector vec elem[ 0] : $1 = 2 Vector size = 1 Vector capacity = 1 Element type = int * ( gdb) n 9        vec. push_back( 4) ; ( gdb) 10        return 0; ( gdb) pvector vec elem[ 0] : $2 = 2 elem[ 1] : $3 = 3 elem[ 2] : $4 = 4 Vector size = 3 Vector capacity = 4 Element type = int * ( gdb)

5. 默认情况下gdb不能用[]查看stl容器的数据元素，提示如下错误：

( gdb) print vec[ 0] One of the arguments you tried to pass to operator [ ] could not be converted to what the function wants.

 

    使用GDB的"p variable-name"查看STL容器类，只会显示该容器的一些信息，并不能很友好的显示该容器的内容。使用stl-views.gdb这个脚本可以很好地解决这一问题。下载stl-veiws.gdb文件，将其放到~/目录下，直接将其改名为~/.gdbinit，或者在你已有的.gdbinit文件中用source ~/.stl-views.gdb命令将其包含。这样你就可以用下面的命令显示STL容器类了。

 容器类型  GDB 命令 
std::vector<T>  pvector stl_variable 
std::list<T>  plist stl_variable T 
std::map<T,T>  pmap stl_variable 
std::multimap<T,T>  pmap stl_variable 
std::set<T>  pset stl_variable T 
std::multiset<T>  pset stl_variable 
std::deque<T>  pdequeue stl_variable 
std::stack<T>  pstack stl_variable 
std::queue<T>  pqueue stl_variable 
std::priority_queue<T>  ppqueue stl_variable 
std::bitset<n><td>  pbitset stl_variable 
std::string  pstring stl_variable 
std::widestring  pwstring stl_variable 

举例：

如果你的C++代码中有定义: set<string> s;
则在GDB中可以使用如下命令查看该set的信息与内容：
pset s - 打印该集合s的定义和大小
pset s char* - 打印该集合s的大小以及该集合的所有元素