对屏幕特定部分进行后期特效处理

最近在做一个效果：用一条线将整个屏幕分成两部分，一部分是灰色，一部分是彩色，线的位置是可变的
   
如果只是区分的话，简单的方法就是相机前加一个灰色quad，如下图，但明显不如灰化对比度高
   
下面就来实现这个功能
首先，我们要建一个屏幕特效脚本挂在到相机上

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using System; using UnityEngine;   namespace UnityStandardAssets.ImageEffects { [ExecuteInEditMode] [RequireComponent ( typeof (Camera))] public class GrayEffect : PostEffectsBase { public Shader TintShader = null ;   public Color TintColour; public Material TintMaterial = null ;   public override bool CheckResources () { CheckSupport ( true ); TintMaterial = CheckShaderAndCreateMaterial (TintShader,TintMaterial);   if (!isSupported) ReportAutoDisable (); return isSupported; } public void SetVector(Vector3 left,Vector3 right) { TintMaterial.SetVector ( "_Line" , new Vector4(left.x,left.y,right.x,right.y)); } public void SetAB( float a, float b, float hasA) { TintMaterial.SetVector ( "_ab" , new Vector3(a,b,hasA)); } void OnRenderImage (RenderTexture source, RenderTexture destination) { if (CheckResources()== false ) { Graphics.Blit (source, destination); return ; }   TintMaterial.SetColor( "TintColour" , TintColour);   //Do a full screen pass using TintMaterial Graphics.Blit (source, destination, TintMaterial); } } }

Graphics.Blit 位块传送，拷贝源纹理到目的渲染纹理。可简单理解为获取该相机的rendertexture作为纹理，通过指定shader再渲染一遍
setvector函数用作将横线上两点坐标传入材质
setab即为将y=ax+b形式的a,b传入，并指明a是否有意义，因为当直线形式为x=某数字时，a无意义
具体计算如下

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void Calculate() { wpLeft = portTrans.TransformPoint ( new Vector3 (-10f, 0f, 0f)); //porttrans为横线中心trans wpRight = portTrans.TransformPoint ( new Vector3 (10f, 0f, 0f)); vpLeft = mainCamera.WorldToViewportPoint (wpLeft); vpRight = mainCamera.WorldToViewportPoint (wpRight); if (vpLeft.x != vpRight.x) { va = (vpRight.y - vpLeft.y) / (vpRight.x - vpLeft.x); vb = vpLeft.y - vpLeft.x * va; wb = wpLeft.y - wpLeft.x * va; hasA = 1f; } else { va = vb = hasA = 0f; } } void SetMaterial() { grayEffect.SetVector (vpLeft, vpRight); grayEffect.SetAB (va,vb,hasA); }

shader就是一个转彩色为灰度的shader，增加了判断片原位于哪个区域的功能，判断区域的代码可以根据需求更改

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Shader "Custom/Tint" { Properties { _MainTex ( "" , any) = "" {} _Line ( "line" , Vector) = (0,0,0,0) _ab ( "ab" , Vector) = (0,0,0) }   CGINCLUDE #include "UnityCG.cginc"   struct v2f { float4 pos : SV_POSITION; float3 wPos : TEXCOORD1; float2 uv : TEXCOORD0; };   sampler2D _MainTex; float4 _Line; float3 _ab; float4 TintColour;   v2f vert( appdata_img v ) { v2f o = (v2f)0; o.pos = mul(UNITY_MATRIX_MVP, v.vertex); o.wPos = v.vertex; o.uv = v.texcoord;   return o; }   float4 frag(v2f input) : SV_Target {   float4 c = tex2D(_MainTex, input.uv); bool isGray = false ; if (_ab.z==0) { if (_Line.y>_Line.w&&input.wPos.x>_Line.x) { isGray = true ; } if (_Line.y<_Line.w&&input.wPos.x<_Line.x) { isGray = true ; } } else { float ey = _ab.x*input.wPos.x + _ab.y; if (_Line.x<_Line.z&&input.wPos.y>ey) { isGray = true ; }   if (_Line.x>_Line.z&&input.wPos.y<ey) { isGray = true ; }   } if (isGray) { float gray = dot(c.xyz, float3(0.299, 0.587, 0.114)); c.xyz = float3(gray,gray,gray); }     return c; }   ENDCG SubShader { Pass { ZTest Always Cull Off ZWrite Off   CGPROGRAM #pragma vertex vert #pragma fragment frag ENDCG } } Fallback off }

dot(c.xyz, float3(0.299, 0.587, 0.114))就是把彩色信息转化成灰度信息的数学公式，即为x,y,z对应乘0.299 0.587,0.114

7.15更新：
感谢上苍之冰提供的想法
优化了shader，去除了if语句

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float4 c = tex2D(_MainTex, input.uv); float ey = _ab.x*input.wPos.x + _ab.y; bool b1 = _Line.y>_Line.w&&input.wPos.x>_Line.x; bool b2 = _Line.y<_Line.w&&input.wPos.x<_Line.x; bool b3 = _Line.x<_Line.z&&input.wPos.y>ey; bool b4 = _Line.x>_Line.z&&input.wPos.y<ey; bool a1 = (_ab.z==0)&&(b1||b2); bool a2 = (_ab.z!=0)&&(b3||b4); bool d = a1||a2; float gray = dot(c.xyz, float3(0.299, 0.587, 0.114)); c.xyz *= (!d); c.xyz += float3(gray,gray,gray)*d;