Centos5下搭建tomcat服务及java应用的部署和管理

Tomcat是Apache 软件基金会（Apache Software Foundation）的Jakarta 项目中的一个核心项目，由Apache、Sun 和其他一些公司及个人共同开发而成。由于有了Sun 的参与和支持，最新的Servlet 和JSP 规范总是能在Tomcat 中得到体现，Tomcat 5 支持最新的Servlet 2.4 和JSP 2.0 规范。因为Tomcat 技术先进、性能稳定，而且免费，因而深受Java 爱好者的喜爱并得到了部分软件开发商的认可，成为目前比较流行的Web 应用服务器。Tomcat 很受广大程序员的喜欢，因为它运行时占用的系统资源小，扩展性好，支持负载平衡与邮件服务等开发应用系统常用的功能；而且它还在不断的改进和完善中，任何一个感兴趣的程序员都可以更改它或在其中加入新的功能。Tomcat 是一个小型的轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP 程序的首选。对于一个初学者来说，可以这样认为，当在一台机器上配置好Apache 服务器，可利用它响应对HTML 页面的访问请求。实际上Tomcat 部分是Apache 服务器的扩展，但它是独立运行的。
                                                                                                         ——以上内容摘自百度百科

下面就来介绍下Centos系统如何搭建tomcat服务！
在/usr目录下创建个java目录，并将从sun公司网站上下载下来的JDK包移动到此目录
[root@centos5 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/java
[root@centos5 ~]# mv jdk-6u13-linux-i586.bin /usr/java/
[root@centos5 ~]# cd /usr/java/
[root@centos5 java]# ll
total 78336
-rwxr--r-- 1 yang yang 80129716 May 21 2009 jdk-6u13-linux-i586.bin

安装JDK,并设置下环境变量
[root@centos5 java]#./jdk-6u13-linux-i586.bin

Please enter "yes" or "no".
Do you agree to the above license terms? [yes or no]
yes 此处输入yes

For more information on what data Registration collects and
how it is managed and used, see:
http://java.sun.com/javase/registration/JDKRegistrationPrivacy.html

Press Enter to continue.....
Done.

[root@centos5 java]# ls
jdk1.6.0_13 jdk-6u13-linux-i586.bin
[root@centos5 java]# cd jdk1.6.0_13/
[root@centos5 jdk1.6.0_13]# ls
bin        jre          README_ja.html       sample
COPYRIGHT lib          README_zh_CN.html    src.zip
db         LICENSE      register.html        THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt
demo       man          register_ja.html
include    README.html register_zh_CN.html
[root@centos5 jdk1.6.0_13]# ./bin/java -version 查看下java的版本信息
java version "1.6.0_13"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_13-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 11.3-b02, mixed mode, sharing)

[root@centos5 /]# tail -3 /etc/profile 设置java环境变量如下
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

[root@centos5 /]# source /etc/profile 使环境变量生效
[root@centos5 /]# java -version
java version "1.6.0_13"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_13-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 11.3-b02, mixed mode, sharing)

从apache网站上下载tomcat包，并移动到/usr/local目录下
[root@centos5 yang]# mv ./apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz /usr/local/
[root@centos5 yang]# cd /usr/local/
[root@centos5 local]# ls
apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz etc    include libexec sbin     share
bin                          games lib      pgsql    servmon src

[root@centos5 local]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz 解压
[root@centos5 local]# ls
apache-tomcat-6.0.18         bin games    lib      pgsql servmon src
apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz etc include libexec sbin   share

[root@centos5 local]# cd apache-tomcat-6.0.18
[root@centos5 apache-tomcat-6.0.18]# ls
bin   lib      logs    RELEASE-NOTES temp     work
conf LICENSE NOTICE RUNNING.txt    webapps
[root@centos5 apache-tomcat-6.0.18]# cd bin/
[root@centos5 bin]# ls
bootstrap.jar       digest.bat        shutdown.bat tomcat-juli.jar
catalina.bat        digest.sh         shutdown.sh   tomcat-native.tar.gz
catalina.sh         jsvc.tar.gz       startup.bat   tool-wrapper.bat
catalina-tasks.xml service.bat       startup.sh    tool-wrapper.sh
commons-daemon.jar setclasspath.bat tomcat6.exe   version.bat
cpappend.bat        setclasspath.sh   tomcat6w.exe version.sh

[root@centos5 bin]# ./startup.sh   运行下tomcat
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.18
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.18
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.18/temp
Using JRE_HOME:       /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13
[root@centos5 bin]# netstat -ntpl 查看下端口，tomcat使用了8080端口
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:139                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3813/smbd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:751                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1841/rpc.statd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1815/portmap
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2132/cupsd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5432                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3684/postmaster
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2156/sendmail: acce
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:445                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3813/smbd
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005       :::*                        LISTEN      6791/java
tcp        0      0 :::8009                     :::*                        LISTEN      6791/java
tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      6791/java
tcp        0      0 :::80                       :::*                        LISTEN      6032/httpd
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      2117/sshd
tcp        0      0 :::5432                     :::*                        LISTEN      3684/postmaster

 

[root@centos5 local]# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.18 tomcat

[root@centos5 local]# grep -r tomcat /etc/profile 设置下环境变量
        pathmunge /usr/local/tomcat/bin
[root@centos5 local]# source /etc/profile

[root@centos5 /]# shutdown.sh 停止tomcat服务
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:       /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13

[root@centos5 /]# netstat -ntpl |grep 8080
[root@centos5 /]# startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:       /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13
[root@centos5 /]# netstat -ntpl |grep 8080
tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      7051/java

 

web方式管理tomcat
[root@centos5 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@centos5 tomcat]# ls
bin   lib      logs    RELEASE-NOTES temp     work
conf LICENSE NOTICE RUNNING.txt    webapps
[root@centos5 tomcat]# cd conf/
[root@centos5 conf]# ls
catalina.policy      context.xml         server.xml        web.xml
catalina.properties logging.properties tomcat-users.xml
[root@centos5 conf]# cat tomcat-users.xml 添加管理用户yang并设置密码，对应的角色是admin和manager
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<tomcat-users>
<role rolename="admin"/>
<roel rolename="manager"/>
<user username="yang" password="123456" role="admin，manager"/>
</tomcat-users>
[root@centos5 conf]# cd / 重启下tomcat服务
[root@centos5 /]# shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:       /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13
[root@centos5 /]# startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:       /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13

 

 

在tomcat上部署Java web应用
[root@centos5 tomcat]# ls
bin   lib      logs    RELEASE-NOTES temp     work
conf LICENSE NOTICE RUNNING.txt    webapps
[root@centos5 tomcat]# cd webapps/
[root@centos5 webapps]# ls
docs examples host-manager manager ROOT

[root@centos5 webapps]# mkdir test
[root@centos5 webapps]# cat test/index.jsp
<%
        out.print("Hello yang!");
%>

 

tomcat可以自动解压.war格式的文件并部署它！
[root@centos5 webapps]# ls
docs examples host-manager manager ROOT test
[root@centos5 webapps]# cd test/
[root@centos5 test]# jar cvf test.war *
added manifest
adding: index.jsp(in = 33) (out= 35)(deflated -6%)
[root@centos5 test]# ls
index.jsp test.war
[root@centos5 test]# mv test.war ..
[root@centos5 test]# cd ..
[root@centos5 webapps]# rm -rf test