HDOJ1015 Safecracker

练习点：DFS（区别1011，本例输出固定长度，HDOJ1011 )

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=1015

Tips:

1. cout，cin以及iostream的大量使用会严重降低速度，导致Time Limit Exceeded，以及极大的output size消耗。尽量使用stdio中的。


2. getchar()命令读取单个字符 


3. cin.getline(lett_set, 13,'\n');//注意是13最多能读取12个字符长度的字符串 


4. 利用gets(temp);  读取一行中的内容。temp必须为char temp[N], 不能使用char* temp; 

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;


int number;
char letter_set[13]; 
unsigned char result[5];
int length;
bool flag;
bool visited[12];


//int global; 


bool cmp(char a, char b)
{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>return a>b;
}


inline bool IsNumber()//const unsigned char num[5])  
{  
    int tmp_num = result[0] - result[1]*result[1] + result[2]*result[2]*result[2] - result[3]*result[3]*result[3]*result[3]  
                    + result[4]*result[4]*result[4]*result[4]*result[4]; 
    return (tmp_num == number);  
}  


void Safecracker(int deep)
{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>if (deep == 5)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if (IsNumber())
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>flag = true;<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span> return;//此处不return，会导致找不到结果,到达深度就要停止，而不是找到结果才返回。
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span> //此处没有返回少了很多可能 
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>for (int i = 0 ; i < length; i++)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if (!visited[i])
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>//global++;
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>result[deep] = letter_set[i];
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>visited[i] = true;
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>Safecracker(deep + 1);
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>if (flag) //此处不return， 会导致不是最大的，递推后面一定要有return让其结束 
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>return;
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>visited[i] = false;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>
}
int main()
{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>while (true)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>scanf("%d", &number);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>getchar();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>gets(letter_set);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if (number==0 && strcmp(letter_set, "END")==0)
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>break;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>flag = false;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>memset(visited, 0, sizeof(visited));
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>length = strlen(letter_set);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>letter_set[i]+=(-'A'+1);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>sort(letter_set, letter_set+length, cmp);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Safecracker(0);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>//printf("%d\n", global);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if (flag)
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>for (int i = 0; i <5; i++)
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>result[i] -= (-'A'+1); 
<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>printf("%c", result[i]);
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>printf("\n", result);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>else
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>printf("no solution\n");
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>return 0;
}