RabbitMQ第五篇：Spring集成RabbitMQ

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 15:23:01 发布

junehappylove

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 15:23:01 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/junehappylove/article/details/75570677

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前面几篇讲解了如何使用rabbitMq，这一篇主要讲解spring集成rabbitmq。

首先引入配置文件org.springframework.amqp，如下

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>

一：配置消费者和生成者公共部分

rabbitmq.properties

rabbit.hosts=10.50.200.234
rabbit.username=june
rabbit.password=june
rabbit.port=5672
rabbit.virtualHost=/
# 统一XML配置中易变部分的命名
rabbit.queue=rabbitmq_test

amqp-share.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
     xsi:schemaLocation="
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>
    <util:properties id="appConfig" location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"></util:properties>

    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbit.hosts}"
                               port="${rabbit.port}" username="${rabbit.username}" password="${rabbit.password}" virtual-host="${rabbit.virtualHost}"
                               channel-cache-size="50"/>
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
    <!--定义消息队列-->
    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.1" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.2" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.3" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
    <!--绑定队列-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spittle.fanout" name="spittle.fanout" durable="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.1"></rabbit:binding>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.2"></rabbit:binding>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.3"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>

</beans>

二：配置生成者

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
     xsi:schemaLocation="
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">
    <import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>

    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>
    <!--创建消息队列模板-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
                     exchange="spittle.fanout" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" />

</beans>

三：生产者程序

/**
 * june.mq:com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.Spittle.java
 * 日期:2017年7月13日
 */
package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * Spittle <br>
 * 
 * @author 王俊伟 wjw.happy.love@163.com
 * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove
 * @date 2017年7月13日 下午3:42:21
 * @version 1.0.0
 */
public class Spittle implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private Long id;
    private Spitter spitter;
    private String message;
    private Date postedTime;

    public Spittle(Long id, Spitter spitter, String message, Date postedTime) {
        this.id = id;
        this.spitter = spitter;
        this.message = message;
        this.postedTime = postedTime;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return this.message;
    }

    public Date getPostedTime() {
        return this.postedTime;
    }

    public Spitter getSpitter() {
        return this.spitter;
    }
}


/**
 * june.mq:com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.ProducerMain.java
 * 日期:2017年7月13日
 */
package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * ProducerMain <br>
 * 
 * @author 王俊伟 wjw.happy.love@163.com
 * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove
 * @date 2017年7月13日 下午3:44:02
 * @version 1.0.0
 */
public class ProducerMain {

    private static ApplicationContext context;

    /**
     * @param args
     * @throws InterruptedException
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-producer.xml");
        AmqpTemplate template = (AmqpTemplate) context.getBean("rabbitTemplate");
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            System.out.println("Sending message #" + i);
            Spittle spittle = new Spittle((long) i, null, "Hello world (" + i + ")", new Date());
            template.convertAndSend(spittle);
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        }
        System.out.println("Done!");
    }

}

其中convertAndSend方法默认第一个参数是交换机名称，第二个参数是路由名称，第三个才是我们发送的数据

现在我们启动程序，效果如下

七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@22d8cfe0: startup date [Thu Jul 20 16:01:04 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-producer.xml]
七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-share.xml]
七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor start
信息: Starting beans in phase -2147482648
Sending message #0
七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory createBareConnection
信息: Created new connection: connectionFactory#2638011:0/SimpleConnection@c03cf28 [delegate=amqp://june@10.50.200.234:5672/, localPort= 57422]
Sending message #1
Sending message #2
Sending message #3
Sending message #4
Sending message #5
Sending message #6
Sending message #7
Sending message #8
Sending message #9
Done!

四：消费者程序

首先编写一个用于监听生产者发送信息的代码

package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;

/**
 * 
 * SpittleAlertHandler <br>
 * 
 * @author 王俊伟 wjw.happy.love@163.com
 * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove
 */
public class SpittleAlertHandler implements MessageListener {

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String body = new String(message.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(body);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

一定要注意实现MessageListener，我们只需要获取message的body即可，通过json来转换我们需要的程序（比如我们可以发送一个map，map存放方法和实体，这样我们可以通过反射来调用不同的程序来运行）。

下面我们配置消费者

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
     xsi:schemaLocation="
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">

    <import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
      <rabbit:listener ref="spittleListener" method="onMessage" queues="spittle.alert.queue.1,spittle.alert.queue.3,spittle.alert.queue.2"/>
    </rabbit:listener-container>
    <bean id="spittleListener" class="com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.SpittleAlertHandler"/>

</beans>

其中spittleListener是监听的程序，method是执行的方法，queues是我们监听的队列，多个队列可以逗号隔开（因为我们采用的是分发，所以三个队列获取的消息是相同的，这里为了简便我放在一个监听程序中了，其实我们可以写三个消费者，每个消费者监听一个队列）

现在只需要启动程序即可运行

/**
 * june.mq:com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.ConsumerMain.java
 * 日期:2017年7月13日
 */
package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

/**
 * ConsumerMain <br>
 * 
 * @author 王俊伟 wjw.happy.love@163.com
 * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove
 */
public class ConsumerMain {

    static ApplicationContext context = null;

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        context  = new org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-consumer.xml");
    }
}

程序执行结果

七月 20, 2017 4:09:05 下午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@22d8cfe0: startup date [Thu Jul 20 16:09:05 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
七月 20, 2017 4:09:05 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-consumer.xml]
七月 20, 2017 4:09:05 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-share.xml]
七月 20, 2017 4:09:06 下午 org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor start
信息: Starting beans in phase -2147482648
七月 20, 2017 4:09:06 下午 org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor start
信息: Starting beans in phase 2147483647
七月 20, 2017 4:09:06 下午 org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory createBareConnection
信息: Created new connection: connectionFactory#40727802:0/SimpleConnection@5cf96df5 [delegate=amqp://june@10.50.200.234:5672/, localPort= 57477]
{"id":0,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (0)","postedTime":1500537664622}
{"id":0,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (0)","postedTime":1500537664622}
{"id":0,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (0)","postedTime":1500537664622}
{"id":1,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (1)","postedTime":1500537667743}
{"id":1,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (1)","postedTime":1500537667743}
{"id":1,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (1)","postedTime":1500537667743}
{"id":2,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (2)","postedTime":1500537670744}
{"id":2,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (2)","postedTime":1500537670744}
{"id":2,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (2)","postedTime":1500537670744}
{"id":3,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (3)","postedTime":1500537673745}
{"id":3,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (3)","postedTime":1500537673745}
{"id":3,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (3)","postedTime":1500537673745}
{"id":4,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (4)","postedTime":1500537676747}
{"id":4,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (4)","postedTime":1500537676747}
{"id":4,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (4)","postedTime":1500537676747}
{"id":5,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (5)","postedTime":1500537679748}
{"id":5,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (5)","postedTime":1500537679748}
{"id":5,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (5)","postedTime":1500537679748}
{"id":6,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (6)","postedTime":1500537682748}
{"id":6,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (6)","postedTime":1500537682748}
{"id":6,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (6)","postedTime":1500537682748}
{"id":7,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (7)","postedTime":1500537685748}
{"id":7,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (7)","postedTime":1500537685748}
{"id":7,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (7)","postedTime":1500537685748}
{"id":8,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (8)","postedTime":1500537688748}
{"id":8,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (8)","postedTime":1500537688748}
{"id":8,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (8)","postedTime":1500537688748}
{"id":9,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (9)","postedTime":1500537691748}
{"id":9,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (9)","postedTime":1500537691748}
{"id":9,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (9)","postedTime":1500537691748}

当然direct跟上面的情况差不多，只不过这个是根据路由匹配，先把数据发送到交换机，然后绑定路由和队列，通过交换机id和路由来找到队列，下面是一些主要的配置

ampq-share.xml

<rabbit:queue id="spring-test-queue1" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" name="spring-test-queue1"></rabbit:queue>
<rabbit:queue name="spring-test-queue2" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false"></rabbit:queue>
<!--交换机定义-->
<!--rabbit:direct-exchange：定义exchange模式为direct，意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配，才会转发。
    rabbit:binding：设置消息queue匹配的key-->
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" durable="true" auto-delete="false" id="${rabbit.exchange.direct}">
    <rabbit:bindings>
        <rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue1" key="spring.test.queueKey1"/>
        <rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue2" key="spring.test.queueKey2"/>
  </rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:direct-exchange>

amqp-producer.xml

<!--spring template声明-->
<rabbit:template exchange="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"></rabbit:template>
<!--消息对象转成成json-->
<bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>

下面是消费者监听配置

amqp-consumer.xml

<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
    <rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue1" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener>
</rabbit:listener-container>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
    <rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue2" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener>
</rabbit:listener-container>

下面是程序

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-producer.xml");
    MQProducer mqProducer = (MQProducer) context.getBean("mqProducer");
    mqProducer.sendDataToQueue("spring.test.queueKey1", "Hello World spring.test.queueKey1");
    mqProducer.sendDataToQueue("spring.test.queueKey2", "Hello World spring.test.queueKey2");
}

实际情况可能需要我们去分离消费者和生成者的程序。当然spring还有负载均衡的配置，这里就不多介绍了。

站在巨人肩膀上整理的，原作者不详了

                                            ---- 2017-07-20 junehappylove

junehappylove

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