6. 播放音频（第五部分）

6.6 pcm start

这段代码其实与prepare的代码流程很相似，也是通过action_ops来完成函数内容，以下是这部分代码：

/*
 * start callbacks
 */
static int snd_pcm_pre_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
			     snd_pcm_state_t state)
{
	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
	if (runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED)
		return -EBADFD;
	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
	    !snd_pcm_playback_data(substream))
		return -EPIPE;
	// 是否与硬件同步过时间，只有hda驱动用到了该属性
runtime->trigger_tstamp_latched = false;
	runtime->trigger_master = substream;
	return 0;
}

static int snd_pcm_do_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
			    snd_pcm_state_t state)
{
	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master != substream)
		return 0;
    // 调用trigger回调函数
	return substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START);
}

static void snd_pcm_undo_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
			       snd_pcm_state_t state)
{
    // 出错情况下的回调函数
	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master == substream)
		substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP);
}

static void snd_pcm_post_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
			       snd_pcm_state_t state)
{
    // 主要用来记录时间和更新状态
	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
	snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(substream);
	runtime->hw_ptr_jiffies = jiffies;
	runtime->hw_ptr_buffer_jiffies = (runtime->buffer_size * HZ) / 
							    runtime->ra