stty的用法及解析--escape sequence code的用法

在linux console显示各种颜色的信息可以使用特殊的符号串：escape  sequence code.通过使用escape sequence code可以在linux终端以高亮，粗体，闪烁、多种颜色等方式展示消息

下面以实例说明：

在终端打印hello world

如果加上escape  sequence code就可以调整打印在终端上的消息属性：

\033[34m  就是 escape  sequence code 

\033[34m   Hello Colorful  World\!整个字符串的处理过程为：

1.读到 \033，说明后面的字符是ANSI escape sequence，会特殊处理

2.使用 [34m 来设定终端的前景色为蓝色

3.打印 Hello Colorful World\! ，颜色为蓝色

\033[ 实际上在输入的文本信息中作为一个特殊标识，终端读到 \033 字符的时候，识别出这是一个escape character；将切换到escape模式。然后读取“[” 字符移入到CSI模式（Command Sequence Introduction (CSI) mode），在CSI模式下，终端读取这些ASCII码用分号“；”隔开，直到读入一个完整的动作指令。上面打印Hello Colorful  World!的例子里面

\033   作为escape character, 通知终端切换到escape模式；

[        CSI的开始；

34      读入的参数；

m       制定将要执行的动作

在shell脚本中可能会使用到一些常用的动作及属性，表格表示如下：

Some ANSI escape sequences (not a complete list)

Code	Name	Effect
CSI n A	CUU – CUrsor Up	Moves the cursor n (default 1) cells in the given direction. If the cursor is already at the edge of the screen, this has no effect.
CSI n B	CUD – CUrsor Down
CSI n C	CUF – CUrsor Forward
CSI n D	CUB – CUrsor Back
CSI n E	CNL – Cursor Next Line	Moves cursor to beginning of the line n (default 1) lines down.
CSI n F	CPL – Cursor Previous Line	Moves cursor to beginning of the line n (default 1) lines up.
CSI n G	CHA – Cursor Horizontal Absolute	Moves the cursor to column n.
CSI n ; m H	CUP – CUrsor Position	Moves the cursor to row n, column m. The values are 1-based, and default to 1 (top left corner) if omitted. A sequence such as CSI ;5H is a synonym for CSI 1;5H as well as CSI 17;H is the same as CSI 17H and CSI 17;1H
CSI n J	ED – Erase Data	Clears part of the screen. If n is zero (or missing), clear from cursor to end of screen. If n is one, clear from cursor to beginning of the screen. If n is two, clear entire screen (and moves cursor to upper left on MS-DOS ANSI.SYS).
CSI n K	EL – Erase in Line	Erases part of the line. If n is zero (or missing), clear from cursor to the end of the line. If n is one, clear from cursor to beginning of the line. If n is two, clear entire line. Cursor position does not change.
CSI n S	SU – Scroll Up	Scroll whole page up by n (default 1) lines. New lines are added at the bottom. (not ANSI.SYS)
CSI n T	SD – Scroll Down	Scroll whole page down by n (default 1) lines. New lines are added at the top. (not ANSI.SYS)
CSI n ; m f	HVP – Horizontal and Vertical Position	Moves the cursor to row n, column m. Both default to 1 if omitted. Same as CUP
CSI n [;k] m	SGR – Select Graphic Rendition	Sets SGR parameters, including text color. After CSI can be zero or more parameters separated with ;. With no parameters, CSI m is treated as CSI 0 m (reset / normal), which is typical of most of the ANSI escape sequences.
CSI 6 n	DSR – Device Status Report	Reports the cursor position to the application as (as though typed at the keyboard) ESC[n;mR, where n is the row and mis the column. (May not work on MS-DOS.)
CSI s	SCP – Save Cursor Position	Saves the cursor position.
CSI u	RCP – Restore Cursor Position	Restores the cursor position.
CSI ?25l	DECTCEM	Hides the cursor. (Note: the trailing character is lowercase L.)
CSI ?25h	DECTCEM	Shows the cursor.

SGR (Select Graphic Rendition) parameters

Code	Effect	Note
0	Reset / Normal	all attributes off
1	Bright (increased intensity) or Bold
2	Faint (decreased intensity)	not widely supported
3	Italic: on	not widely supported. Sometimes treated as inverse.
4	Underline: Single
5	Blink: Slow	less than 150 per minute
6	Blink: Rapid	MS-DOS ANSI.SYS; 150 per minute or more; not widely supported
7	Image: Negative	inverse or reverse; swap foreground and background
8	Conceal	not widely supported
9	Crossed-out	Characters legible, but marked for deletion. Not widely supported.
10	Primary(default) font
11–19	n-th alternate font	Select the n-th alternate font. 14 being the fourth alternate font, up to 19 being the 9th alternate font.
20	Fraktur	hardly ever supported
21	Bright/Bold: off or Underline: Double	bold off not widely supported, double underline hardly ever
22	Normal color or intensity	neither bright, bold nor faint
23	Not italic, not Fraktur
24	Underline: None	not singly or doubly underlined
25	Blink: off
26	Reserved
27	Image: Positive
28	Reveal	conceal off
29	Not crossed out
30–37	Set text color	30 + x, where x is from the color table below
38	Set xterm-256 text color[dubious – discuss]	next arguments are 5;x where x is color index (0..255)
39	Default text color	implementation defined (according to standard)
40–47	Set background color	40 + x, where x is from the color table below
48	Set xterm-256 background color	next arguments are 5;x where x is color index (0..255)
49	Default background color	implementation defined (according to standard)
50	Reserved
51	Framed
52	Encircled
53	Overlined
54	Not framed or encircled
55	Not overlined
56–59	Reserved
60	ideogram underline or right side line	hardly ever supported
61	ideogram double underline or double line on the right side	hardly ever supported
62	ideogram overline or left side line	hardly ever supported
63	ideogram double overline or double line on the left side	hardly ever supported
64	ideogram stress marking	hardly ever supported
90–99	Set foreground color, high intensity	aixterm (not in standard)
100–109	Set background color, high intensity	aixterm (not in standard)

常用颜色设置如下：

参考：

1.http://www.cnblogs.com/shipfi/articles/375430.html

2.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#Windows_and_DOS