定义
用原型实例指定创建对象的种类,并通过拷贝这些原型创建新的对象
所需条件
- 原型类要实现CloneAble接口
- 原型类或其子类要实现clone方法
优点
- 原型模式创建对象比new一个对象的性能强的多,尤其是大对象,因为Object类的clone方法是本地方法,直接操作内存中的二进制流
- 简化对象的创建
浅克隆、深克隆
浅克隆:只克隆对象中的基本数据类型和String,而不会克隆数组、容器、引用对象等。换言之,浅复制仅仅复制所考虑的对象,而不复制它所引用的对象
深克隆:把要克隆的对象所引用的对象都克隆了一遍
类图
package com.vapy.creator.Prototype;
/**
*
* @author vapy
*
*/
import java.util.ArrayList;
public abstract class Prototype implements Cloneable {
protected ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
public abstract void show();
}
package com.vapy.creator.Prototype;
/**
*
* @author vapy
*
*/
public class ShallowClone extends Prototype {
@Override
public Prototype clone(){
Prototype prototype = null;
try {
prototype = (Prototype)super.clone();
}
catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return prototype;
}
@Override
public void show(){
System.out.println("浅克隆");
}
}
package com.vapy.creator.Prototype;
/**
*
* @author vapy
*
*/
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class DeepClone extends Prototype {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public Prototype clone() {
Prototype prototype = null;
try {
prototype = (Prototype)super.clone();
}
catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
prototype.list = (ArrayList<String>) this.list.clone();
return prototype;
}
@Override
public void show(){
System.out.println("深克隆");
}
}
package com.vapy.creator.Prototype;
/**
*
* @author vapy
*
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ShallowClone cp = new ShallowClone();
ShallowClone clonecp = (ShallowClone) cp.clone();
clonecp.show();
System.out.println(clonecp.list == cp.list);
DeepClone cp2 = new DeepClone();
DeepClone clonecp2 = (DeepClone) cp2.clone();
clonecp2.show();
System.out.println(clonecp2.list == cp2.list);
}
}
本文代码可在github查看:点击此处