在Linux上使用通用二进制包安装MySQL

下载安装包

MySQL Community Downloads

安装依赖

mysql 数据目录初始化及服务启动阶段依赖libaio，检测是否已安装libaio

dnf install libaio

解压安装

## 创建用户组
groupadd mysql
## 创建用户
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
## 解压安装包
tar xvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.xz -C /mysql/install/path
## 创建符号链接
ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql

安装后配置工作

初始化数据目录

cd /opt/mysql
mkdir mysql-files
chown mysql:mysql mysql-files
chmod 750 mysql-files

# 初始化数据目录，注意生成的随机密码
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql-files

可以将basedir，datadir加到配置文件中 Using Option Files

启动服务

# 跳转到安装目录后
# 注意：如果没有在配置文件中指定basedir,datadir 则需要在命令行中指定
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql-files &

使用root登陆并修改密码

[jxxchallenger@fedora-36 mysql]$ bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.3.0

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root-password';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

mysql日常

shutdown mysql

手动关闭mysql

[root@fedora-36 mysql]# bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Enter password: 
2024-03-02T14:25:07.972096Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /opt/mysql/mysql-files/fedora-36.pid ended
[1]+  已完成               bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql-files

注意此处的 -u root 指定的是用户表中的root

mysql 安装包中提供一个方便的脚本来启动/停止mysqld进程 （support-files/mysql.server)
语法：

[root@fedora-36 support-files]# ./mysql.server 
Usage: mysql.server  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]

配置：
在 /etc/my. cnf中指定basedir和datadir；或者直接在mysql.server中指定

启动服务：

./mysql.server start

停止服务：

./mysql.server stop