有时候需要清理那些长时间处于INACTIVE状态的会话。人为定期检查、杀掉这类会话肯定不太现实,要定期清理那些长时间处于INACTIVE的会话,只能通过作业来实现;另外需要注意,Kill掉这些会话需要需要谨慎,稍不注意,就有可能误杀了一些正常的会话。那么我们该如何定义这类会话呢?下面是我结合业务规则定义的:
1: 会话的Status必须为INACTIVE,如果会话状态为ACTIVE、KILLED、CACHED、SNIPED状态,不做考虑。
2: 会话必须已经长时间处于INACTIVE状态。例如,处于INACTIVE状态超过了两小时的会话进程,才考虑Kill。这个视具体业务或需求决定,有可能超过半小时就可以杀掉会话进程。至于如何计算处于INACTIVE会话状态的时间,这个可以 通过V$SESSION的LAST_CALL_ET字段来判别,需要查询处于INACTIVE状态两小时或以上的会话,就可以通过查询条件S.LAST_CALL_ET >= 60*60*2实现,当然最好写成 S.LAST_CALL_ET >= 7200
3: 连接到会话的程序。比如,某个特定的应用程序产生的INACTIVE会话才要清理。例如, Toad工具、PL/SQL Developer工具。关于PROGRAM这个需要根据当前项目的具体情况设置,下面仅仅使用TOAD.EXE、W3WP.EXE举例说明。
1: SELECT SID, SERIAL#,MODULE, STATUS
2: FROM V$SESSION S
3: WHERE S.USERNAME IS NOT NULL
4: AND UPPER(S.PROGRAM) IN ('TOAD.EXE', 'W3WP.EXE')
5: AND S.LAST_CALL_ET >= 60*60*2
6: AND S.STATUS = 'INACTIVE'
7: ORDER BY SID DESC;
如果是RAC环境,那么最好使用下面SQL语句,使用全局视图GV$SESSION。
1: SELECT SID, SERIAL#, INST_ID, MODULE,STATUS
2: FROM gv$session S
3: WHERE S.USERNAME IS NOT NULL
4: AND UPPER(S.PROGRAM) IN ('TOAD.EXE', 'W3WP.EXE')
5: AND S.LAST_CALL_ET >= 2 * 60*60
6: AND S.STATUS = 'INACTIVE'
7: ORDER BY INST_ID DESC
接下来创建存储过程SYS.DB_KILL_IDLE_CLIENTS. 方便调用该功能执行kill inactive 会话。注意:xxx部分用实际业务的PROGRAM来替代。
1:
2: CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SYS.DB_KILL_IDLE_CLIENTS AUTHID DEFINER AS
3: job_no number;
4: num_of_kills number := 0;
5: BEGIN
6:
7: FOR REC IN
8: (SELECT SID, SERIAL#, INST_ID, MODULE,STATUS
9: FROM gv$session S
10: WHERE S.USERNAME IS NOT NULL
11: AND UPPER(S.PROGRAM) IN ('xxx', 'xxx.EXE')
12: AND S.LAST_CALL_ET >= 2*60*60
13: AND S.STATUS= 'INACTIVE'
14: ORDER BY INST_ID ASC
15: ) LOOP
16: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17: -- kill inactive sessions immediately
18: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT('LOCAL SID ' || rec.sid || '(' || rec.module || ')');
20: execute immediate 'alter system kill session ''' || rec.sid || ', ' ||
21: rec.serial# || '''immediate' ;
22:
23: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('. killed locally ' || job_no);
24: num_of_kills := num_of_kills + 1;
25: END LOOP;
26: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Number of killed xxxx system sessions: ' || num_of_kills);
27: END DB_KILL_IDLE_CLIENTS;
28: /
另外,由于kill session是直接将session kill掉,有可能出现导致事物回滚的现象,其实我们可以使用disconnect session完成当前事务并终止session。这种方式比alter system kill session跟安全可靠。
1: CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SYS.DB_KILL_IDLE_CLIENTS AUTHID DEFINER AS
2: job_no number;
3: num_of_kills number := 0;
4: BEGIN
5:
6: FOR REC IN
7: (SELECT SID, SERIAL#, INST_ID, MODULE,STATUS
8: FROM gv$session S
9: WHERE S.USERNAME IS NOT NULL
10: AND UPPER(S.PROGRAM) IN ('xxxx', 'xxxx')
11: AND S.LAST_CALL_ET >= 2*60*60
12: AND S.STATUS<>'KILLED'
13: ORDER BY INST_ID ASC
14: ) LOOP
15: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16: -- kill inactive sessions immediately
17: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT('LOCAL SID ' || rec.sid || '(' || rec.module || ')');
19: execute immediate 'alter system disconnect session ''' || rec.sid || ', ' ||
20: rec.serial# || '''immediate' ;
21:
22: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('. killed locally ' || job_no);
23: num_of_kills := num_of_kills + 1;
24: END LOOP;
25: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Number of killed system sessions: ' || num_of_kills);
26: END DB_KILL_IDLE_CLIENTS;
27: /
然后,我们可以在作业(JOB)或Schedule里面定期调用该存储过程,也可以通过后台作业结合shell脚本实现定期清理空闲会话的功能。例如如下所示。
创建killSession.sh脚本,调用该存储过程SYS.DB_KILL_IDLE_CLIENTS
1: #!/bin/bash
2:
3:
4:
5: logfile=/home/oracle/cron/session/log/killSession.log
6:
7: echo " " >> $logfile 2>&1
8: echo "START ----`date`" >> $logfile 2>&1
9: sqlplus /nolog <<STATS
10: connect / as sysdba
11: exec sys.db_kill_idle_clients;
12: exit;
13: STATS
14:
15: echo "END ------`date`" >> $logfile 2>&1
在crontab里面配置后台作业,每隔15分钟运行一次,清理哪些满足条件的空闲会话。
0,15,30,45 * * * * /home/oracle/cron/session/bin/killSession.sh >/dev/null 2>&1