cobbler服务端部署，centos7系统

已于 2022-08-14 00:17:44 修改
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文章标签： linux 运维 服务器
于 2022-08-11 23:10:58 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/k2902314105/article/details/126292950
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部署cobbler

#安装cobbler以及相关的软件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler  xinetd cobbler-web pykickstart
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
base                                                        | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
#关闭seliunx和防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service 
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
#启动服务并设置开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@localhost cobbler]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128           *:111                       *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5      192.168.122.1:53                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5      127.0.0.1:25151                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:111                    [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:80                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:22                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      100       [::1]:25                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:443                    [::]:*     
#修改server的ip地址为本机ip
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.70.130/' /etc/cobbler/settings
#设置tftp的ip地址为本机ip
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.70.130/' /etc/cobbler/settings
#开启tftp
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/disable/s/yes/no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/www/cobbler    程序的地方
images  ks_mirror  links  localmirror  misc  pub  rendered  repo_mirror  svc
//images    镜像，这个文件要放到内存充足的地方，挂载或链接
//var目录在根目录下， 也可以默认在这个地方，分区多分点，放这个文件


#下载缺失文件
[root@localhost cobbler]# cobbler get-loaders
No such command: get-loaders

[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start rsyncd
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.
#生成加密的密码
[root@localhost cobbler]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" '123456!'$1$8382$K9VS.TGYV52x6zjeHOlq4/
//这是密码加密后的形式

#将新生成的加密密码加入到配置文件
[root@localhost cobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
# and put the output between the "" below.
default_password_crypted: "$1$8382$K9VS.TGYV52x6zjeHOlq4/"
# the default template type to use in the absence of any

#重启cobbler
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost cobbler]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      5             *:873                       *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:111                       *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5      192.168.122.1:53                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5      127.0.0.1:25151                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5          [::]:873                    [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:111                    [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:80                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:22                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      100       [::1]:25                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:443                    [::]:*    


#通过cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题
#修改安装修改这个文件，关闭selinux,让核对的时候不会报错 
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install debmirror
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/debmirror.conf
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders.  If you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot.
2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

//以上俩行是关于debian系统的错误，请忽略

##配置cobbler dhcp
#修改cobbler配置文件，让cobbler控制dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/^manage_dhcp/s/0/1/g' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@localhost ~]# sed -n '/^manage_dhcp/p' /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1

#配置dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.70.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             192.168.70.2;
     option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.70.10 192.168.70.20;
     default-lease-time         21600;
     max-lease-time             43200;
     next-server                $next_server;
     class "pxeclients" {


//重启服务并同步配置，改完dhcp必须要sync同步配置
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2022-08-11_102355_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Thu Aug 11 10:23:55 2022)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

//检查dhcp是否正常
[root@localhost ~]#  netstat -anulp|grep dhcp
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           25159/dhcpd         

//导入redhat7镜像
//先开启光盘，在执行命令
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=rhel-7 --arch
Usage: cobbler import [options]

cobbler: error: --arch option requires an argument
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=rhel-7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2022-08-11_103939_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Thu Aug 11 10:39:39 2022)
Found a candidate signature: breed=suse, version=opensuse15.0
Found a candidate signature: breed=suse, version=opensuse15.1
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64:
creating new distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/rhel-7-x86_64
creating new profile: rhel-7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64 for rhel-7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64   //导入镜像的位置
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml   
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/repodata

//检查dhcp是否正常
[root@localhost ~]#  netstat -anulp|grep dhcp
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           25159/dhcpd         

//说明：
    --path      //镜像路径
    --name      //为安装源定义一个名字
    --arch      //指定安装源平台

//安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标示就是：CentOS-7-x86_64，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败

//查看cobbler镜像列表
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler list
distros:
   rhel-7-x86_64

profiles:
   rhel-7-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

//创建kickstarts自动安装脚本

[root@localhost ~]# cat > /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks <<'EOF'
> auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
> bootloader --location=mbr
> clearpart --all --initlabel
> part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
> part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
> part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
> text
> firewall --disabled
> firstboot --disable
> keyboard us
> lang en_US
> url --url=http://172.16.12.128/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
> $yum_repo_stanza
> reboot
> 
> rootpw --iscrypted $6$2WTFvfNvAMgCUPuC$MJgWGzhakgxrRObcEbAwSe8vkz0s//xyiTllGwxRsHHruQhcskO69u2LVTU9u0eemHXH2pzcGawyAJ54R2E/x0
> 
> selinux --disabled
> skipx
> timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
> install
> zerombr
> 
> %packages
> @^minimal
> @core
> kexec-tools
> 
> %end
> 
> %addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
> 
> %end
> 
> %anaconda
> pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
> pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
> pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
> %end
> EOF

//检查ks文件语法是否有误
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler validateks
task started: 2022-08-11_104633_validateks
task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Thu Aug 11 10:46:33 2022)
----------------------------
osversion: rhel7
checking url: http://192.168.70.130/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/rhel-7-x86_64
running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel7" "http://192.168.70.130/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/rhel-7-x86_64"
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
*** all kickstarts seem to be ok ***
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@localhost ~]# 

//查看当前cobbler有哪些配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile list
   rhel-7-x86_64
//修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile edit --name rhel-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks
[root@localhost ~]# 
//配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile edit --name rhel-7-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'
//检查当前系统cobbler配置文件信息
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile report
Name                           : rhel-7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        : 
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : rhel-7-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
Fetchable Files                : {}
Kernel Options                 : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks
Kickstart Metadata             : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 : 
Internal proxy                 : 
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      : 
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm

//同步cobbler
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2022-08-11_105058_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Thu Aug 11 10:50:58 2022)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for rhel-7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

//为避免发生未知问题，先把服务端所有服务重启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      5      127.0.0.1:25151                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5             *:873                       *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:111                       *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5      192.168.122.1:53                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:443                    [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      5          [::]:873                    [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:111                    [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:80                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      128        [::]:22                     [::]:*                  
LISTEN      0      100       [::1]:25                     [::]:*

客户端安装

新建虚拟机从pxe启动，若出现以下界面则表示成功
在这里插入图片描述

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目录一、cobbler介绍1.前言2.Cobbler 可以干什么3.Cobbler 支持的系统和功能4.Cobbler 提供的服务集成5.PXE 工作流程图6.PXE + Kickstart 无人值守安装操作系统完整过程7.cobbler 的组成8.cobbler 的工作流程二、cobbler 安装1.关闭防火墙和 selinux2.cobbler 安装1.安装第三方源：2.cobbler 安装，fence-agents 可不安装，tftp 通过 xinetd 管理3.启动相关服务4.检查 cobbler
Cobbler无人值守安装centos7.7系统
爱吃鱼的小明的博客
04-24 449
由于我这里实在centos7.7系统上面配置的cobbler，所以直接挂载/dev/cdrom即可。 以下操作可参考上边的centos6.8。 [root@ cobbler ~]# mkdir /centos7.7 [root@ cobbler ~]# mount -o loop /dev/cdrom /centos7.7 [root@ cobbler ~]# cobbler import --p...
cobbler服务安装centos7
m0_46516861的博客
10-14 167
cobbler服务批量安装centos7 导入centos7镜像 [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos-7 --arch=x86_64 task started: 2021-10-14_015218_import task started (id=Media import, time
Cobbler自动化安装Centos7系统
xixixilalalahaha的博客
07-28 383
简介 Cobbler 可以用来快速建立 Linux 网络安装环境，不再需要使用光盘一台一台地安装 Linux，只要配置好PXE、DHCP、TFTP和 Kickstart 脚本，即可瞬间完成安装上百台服务器的任务 Cobbler特点： 1)Cobbler支持多种Linux操作系统得快速部署，对DHCP、HTTP、TFTP、Kiskstart、YUM仓库、电源等进行统一管理 2)Cobbler提供实现不同用户需求得可定制系统部署方案 3)Cobbler分别提供命令管理和Web界面管理、方便Cobbler管理员使
cobbler安装centos7.1
06-02 432
网上cobbler相关信息很杂乱，自己整理一版 主要参考：https://anjia0532.github.io/2019/02/22/cobbler/ https://www.cnblogs.com/clsn/p/7839965.html#auto_id_20 写在部署cobbler之前：...
centos7使用cobbler安装操作系统
yu1111huan的博客
01-30 249
Cobbler是一个Linux安装服务器，它允许快速设置网络安装环境。它将许多相关的Linux任务粘合在一起并实现自动化，这样在部署新系统时，以及在某些情况下更改现有系统时，必在许多不同的命令和应用程序之间跳转，可同时管理TFTP、DHCP、http服务配置的yum源。 操作系统环境：CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) cobbler版本：Cobbler 2.8.2 主机IP地址：192.168.3.3 1.上传cobbler安装包系统，并解压到根 目录下 [root@
Cobbler自动安装CentOS7
beeworkshop的博客
01-19 512
1. 介绍与原理 centos7+cobbler+kickstart Cobbler自动化部署（系统详细） 2. Cobbler自动最小化安装CentOS7概述 Server端 1 启动Cobbler服务 2 进行Cobbler错误检查，执行cobbler check命令 3 进行配置同步，执行cobbler sync命令 4 复制相关启动文件到TFTP目录中 5 启动DHCP服务，提供地...
CentOS 7下cobbler安装及配置
爱琳先生的博客
04-16 2201
CentOS 7下Cobbler的安装及配置
centos7 cobbler
07-31
例如，`cobbler profile edit --name=Centos-7.1-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.1-x86_64.ks`可以修改名为"Centos-7.1-x86_64"的配置文件的Kickstart路径。 引用[2]中提到了导入镜像的...

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