Java序列化: Serializable

说起序列化，可能大部分人在实际工作中都没有使用过，虽然没用过，但不表示它不重要，那什么是JAVA序列化呢？

JAVA序列化也可称为对象序列化机制：允许把内存中的Java对象转换成平台无关的二进制流，从而允许把这种二进制流持久地保存在磁盘上，或通过网络将这种二进制流传输到另一个网络节点。序列化的好处在于可将任何实现了Serializable接口的对象转化为字节数据，使其在保存和传输时可被还原。序列化是 RMI（Remote Method Invoke – 远程方法调用）过程的参数和返回值都必须实现的机制，而 RMI 是 JavaEE 的基础。因此序列化机制是JavaEE 平台的基础。

说完理论的东西，我们现在来实际操作一下，看看是怎么通过代码来实现对象序列化的：

先创建一个JAVA类：

public class TestBean implements Serializable{

    public static final long serialVersionUID = 475463534532L;

    private String name;
    private int age;
    private int id;
    private Dog dog;

    public TestBean(String name, int age, int id) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.id = id;
    }

    public TestBean(String name, int age, int id, Dog dog) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.id = id;
        this.dog = dog;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "TestBean{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", id=" + id +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public TestBean(String name, int age) {

        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public TestBean() {

    }
}

class Dog implements Serializable{
    public static final long serialVersionUID = 4754534532L;
    private String dogName;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "dogName=" + dogName +
                '}';
    }

    public String getDogName() {
        return dogName;
    }

    public void setDogName(String dogName) {
        this.dogName = dogName;
    }

    public Dog(String dogName) {

        this.dogName = dogName;
    }
}

再来一个测试类：

public class SerializableTest {

    
    @Test
    public void testObjectOutputStream(){
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;

        try {

            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("object.data"));

            oos.writeObject(new String("重庆加油"));
            oos.flush();//刷新操作

            oos.writeObject(new TestBean("哈哈哈",15));
            oos.flush();

            oos.writeObject(new TestBean("意呆利",44,5000,new Dog("旺财")));
            oos.flush();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if(oos != null){
                try {
                    oos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }

    }

   
    @Test
    public void testObjectInputStream(){
        ObjectInputStream ois = null;
        try {
            ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("object.data"));

            Object obj = ois.readObject();
            String str = (String) obj;

            TestBean p = (TestBean) ois.readObject();
            TestBean p1 = (TestBean) ois.readObject();

            System.out.println(str);
            System.out.println(p);
            System.out.println(p1);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if(ois != null){
                try {
                    ois.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }
    }
}

小伙伴，虽然不常用，但还是需要了解它的用法和用途哦。

 

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