Git的基本用法

现在git的使用，越来越普遍，逐渐的替代svn。git某些指令，因为在项目中不是经常使用，所以在用到的时候，又怕由于用错而导致提交或修改错误，所以，日常工作中，建议一定要提前掌握好，并对git做全面的学习，一防需要用的时候不会感觉到生疏。针对git的使用教程，网上特别的多，五花百门，在这里，我推荐的是，通过实战的操作，再结合git的指令，做一个全方面的体验。

当安装完git之后，你的右键会多了一个git bash的选项，建议初学者先使用git bash，熟悉每一条指令，等熟了之后，再去使用图形化的东西。

首先，通过的输入git --help，查询相关的帮助，我们会得到下列几个信息，通过这些信息，开始我们的学习之旅吧！

usage: git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c name=value]
           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
           [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
           <command> [<args>]

These are common Git commands used in various situations:

start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)
   clone      Clone a repository into a new directory
   init       Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one

work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)
   add        Add file contents to the index
   mv         Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
   reset      Reset current HEAD to the specified state
   rm         Remove files from the working tree and from the index

examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)
   bisect     Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug
   grep       Print lines matching a pattern
   log        Show commit logs
   show       Show various types of objects
   status     Show the working tree status

grow, mark and tweak your common history
   branch     List, create, or delete branches
   checkout   Switch branches or restore working tree files
   commit     Record changes to the repository
   diff       Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
   merge      Join two or more development histories together
   rebase     Reapply commits on top of another base tip
   tag        Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

collaborate (see also: git help workflows)
   fetch      Download objects and refs from another repository
   pull       Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch
   push       Update remote refs along with associated objects

'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some
concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'
to read about a specific subcommand or concept.