Mybatis的开发步骤

Mybatis开发流程

简介

Mybatis是一个ORM类型框架，解决的数据库访问和操作的问题，对现有JDBC技术的封装。

MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架，它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 免除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作。(官方介绍)

官网文档地址

开发步骤

1. 坐标依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.6</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
   <groupId>mysql</groupId>
   <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
   <version>5.1.48</version>
 </dependency>

2.配置文件

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

<settings>
     <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>

<!--别名，别名也推荐使用大写开头-->
<typeAliases>
    <typeAlias type="edu.hzb.entity.User" alias="User"/>
</typeAliases>

<!-- 数据库环境，可配置多个，通过default属性指定数据库环境-->
<environments default="default">
    <environment id="default">
        <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
        <dataSource type="POOLED">
            <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
            <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false"></property>
            <property name="username" value="root"></property>
            <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        </dataSource>
    </environment>
    <!--    <environment id="oracle">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"></property>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"></property>
                <property name="username" value="hr"/>
                <property name="password" value="hr"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>-->
</environments>

<!--注册mapper文件-->
<mappers>
    <!--<package name=""-->
    <mapper resource="UserDAOMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>

3.entity实体

package edu.hzb.entity;
@Data
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

4.数据库表

CREATE TABLE `t_user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
  `age` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

5.DAO接口

public interface UserDAO {
    List<User> selectList();
}

6.Mapper文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="edu.hzb.dao.UserDAO">

    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="edu.hzb.entity.User">
         <result property="id" column="id"/>
         <result property="name" column="name"/>
         <result property="age" column="age"/>
    </resultMap>

    <sql id="BaseColumn">
        id, name, age
    </sql>

    <select id="selectList" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        select <include refid="BaseColumn"></include>
        from t_user
    </select>
</mapper>

7.测试

public class TestMapper {

    @Test
    public void test1() throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        //Mybatis会通过代理设计模式会为UserDAO接口创建代理实现类
        UserDAO userDAO = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDAO.class);
        List<User> users = userDAO.selectList();
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println("user = " + user);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void test2() throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        /*
            Mybatis底层就是通过这种方式调用，test1中的调用方式只不过是在此基础上通过动态代理进行封装，
            所以显得test中的调用方式更好理解
        */
        //通过mapper文件中的namespace + sql标签的id值就可以确定执行哪一个sql
        List<User> users = sqlSession.selectList("edu.hzb.dao.UserDAO.selectList");
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println("user = " + user);
        }
    }
}