You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in words exactly once and without any intervening characters.
For example, given:
s: “barfoothefoobarman”
words: [“foo”, “bar”]
You should return the indices: [0,9].
(order does not matter).
思路:类似于Minimum Window Substring,但是又有不同,本题目中可行解必须包含字典中所有的words,不能包含其他的words。
步骤:
(1)以步长为字典中len(words)遍历字符串s,同时遍历时起始位置为[0, len(words)),start记录当前窗口的起始位置
(2)每一次遍历时,构造查找哈希表find,记录每个words出现的次数,如果words在dict中,(1)出现的次数小于dict中该words出现的次数时find[words]++,count++(记录匹配words的个数),(2)出现的次数大于dict中该words出现的次数时,找到start到当前位置,words第一次出现的位置,index,for words in [start,index],find[words]–,count–;同时start = index + len(words);
如果words不在dict中,count = 0;start = currentindex + len(words);find.clear();
(3)如果count == size(dict),表示找到一个有限的substring,此时 find[currentwords]–;start += len(words); count –;
(4)重复(1)(2)(3),直到找到所有的index,代码如下:
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> findSubstring(string s, vector<string>& words){
map<string, int>srcWords;
int size = words.size();
for(int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
srcWords[words[i]]++;
int lenw = words[0].length(), start = 0, lens = s.length(), count = 0;
vector<int> ret;
for(int i = 0; i < lenw; ++i){
map<string, int> find;
start = i;
count = 0;
for(int j = i; j <= lens - lenw;j += lenw){
string tmp = s.substr(j, lenw);
if(srcWords[tmp]){//tmp 在字典中
find[tmp]++;
count ++;
if(find[tmp] > srcWords[tmp]){//当前单词出现的次数超过字典中该单词出现的次数
int indexTmp;
for(int k = j-lenw; k >= start; k -= lenw){
if(tmp == s.substr(k, lenw))
indexTmp = k;
}
for(int k = indexTmp; k >= start; k -= lenw){
string tmp = s.substr(k, lenw);
find[tmp]--;
count --;
}
start = indexTmp + lenw;
}
}
else{
count = 0;
start = j + lenw;
find.clear();
}
if(count == size){//找到
ret.push_back(start);
string tmp = s.substr(start, lenw);
find[tmp]--;
start += lenw;
count --;
}
}
}
return ret;
}
};