android 6.0sd卡内部存储 & 外部存储

android6.0 把sd卡可以设置成内部存储。

一、fatab文件匹配

我们先来看下,vold的main函数:

main函数在创建了VolumeManager后,调用了如下函数:

    if (process_config(vm)) {
        PLOG(ERROR) << "Error reading configuration... continuing anyways";
    }

我们再来看看这个函数:

static int process_config(VolumeManager *vm) {
    std::string path(android::vold::DefaultFstabPath());
    fstab = fs_mgr_read_fstab(path.c_str());//获取fstab文件
    if (!fstab) {
        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open default fstab " << path;
        return -1;
    }

    /* Loop through entries looking for ones that vold manages */
    bool has_adoptable = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < fstab->num_entries; i++) {
        if (fs_mgr_is_voldmanaged(&fstab->recs[i])) {//fastab文件满足vold的项
            if (fs_mgr_is_nonremovable(&fstab->recs[i])) {
                LOG(WARNING) << "nonremovable no longer supported; ignoring volume";
                continue;
            }

            std::string sysPattern(fstab->recs[i].blk_device);
            std::string nickname(fstab->recs[i].label);
            int flags = 0;

            if (fs_mgr_is_encryptable(&fstab->recs[i])) {
                flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kAdoptable;
                has_adoptable = true;
            }
            if (fs_mgr_is_noemulatedsd(&fstab->recs[i])
                    || property_get_bool("vold.debug.default_primary", false)) {
                flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kDefaultPrimary;
            }

            vm->addDiskSource(std::shared_ptr<VolumeManager::DiskSource>(
                    new VolumeManager::DiskSource(sysPattern, nickname, flags)));
        }
    }
    property_set("vold.has_adoptable", has_adoptable ? "1" : "0");
    return 0;
}

这个函数先获取fstab文件,分析fstab文件,创建了DiskSource对象。然后调用了VolumeManager的addDiskSource函数:

void VolumeManager::addDiskSource(const std::shared_ptr<DiskSource>& diskSource) {
    mDiskSources.push_back(diskSource);
}
保存在mDiskSources中。

下面我们来看下fstab文件,下面文件有机箱是voldmanaged的,就是上面函数满足的条件

/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/system                    /system          ext4    ro,barrier=1                                                    wait
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/cache                     /cache           ext4    noatime,nosuid,nodev,barrier=1,data=ordered                     wait,check
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/userdata                  /data            ext4    noatime,nosuid,nodev,barrier=1,data=ordered,noauto_da_alloc     resize,wait,check,encryptable=footer
#/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/amt                      /amt             ext4    rw                                                              wait
/devices/platform/comip-mmc.0/mmc_host/mmc1/*                       auto             vfat    defaults                                                        voldmanaged=sdcard1:auto,encryptable=false
/devices/a0400000.usb_hcd/usb1/*                                    auto      vfat    defaults        voldmanaged=usbotg:auto,noemulatedsd
/dev/block/mmcblk1p1                                              /sdcard                vfat  defaults  recoveryonly
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/kernel                                /kernel          emmc        defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/ramdisk                   /boot                  emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/ramdisk_recovery          /recovery        emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/ramdisk_amt1              /ramdisk_amt1    emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/ramdisk_amt3              /ramdisk_amt3    emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/kernel_recovery           /kernel_recovery emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/logo                      /logo            emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/misc                      /misc            emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/fota                      /fota            emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/modemarm                  /modemarm        emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/modemdsp                  /modemdsp        emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/mmcblk0boot0                                           /uboot           emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/platform/comip-mmc.1/by-name/lcboot                          /lcboot          emmc    defaults    defaults
/dev/block/zram0                                                  none          swap    defaults        zramsize=268435456


二、检测到设备

然后就是有检测到设备,到下面函数:

void NetlinkHandler::onEvent(NetlinkEvent *evt) {
    VolumeManager *vm = VolumeManager::Instance();
    const char *subsys = evt->getSubsystem();

    if (!subsys) {
        SLOGW("No subsystem found in netlink event");
        return;
    }

    if (!strcmp(subsys, "block")) {
        vm->handleBlockEvent(evt);
    }
}

调用了VolumeManager的handleBlockEvent函数:

void VolumeManager::handleBlockEvent(NetlinkEvent *evt) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mLock);

    if (mDebug) {
        LOG(VERBOSE) << "----------------";
        LOG(VERBOSE) << "handleBlockEvent with action " << (int) evt->getAction();
        evt->dump();
    }

    std::string eventPath(evt->findParam("DEVPATH"));
    std::string devType(evt->findParam("DEVTYPE"));

    if (devType != "disk") return;

    int major = atoi(evt->findParam("MAJOR"));
    int minor = atoi(evt->findParam("MINOR"));
    dev_t device = makedev(major, minor);//创建设备

    switch (evt->getAction()) {
    case NetlinkEvent::Action::kAdd: {
        for (auto source : mDiskSources) {
            if (source->matches(eventPath)) {//之前的mDiskSources就是用来匹配的
                // For now, assume that MMC devices are SD, and that
                // everything else is USB
                int flags = source->getFlags();//从source获取flags
                if (major == kMajorBlockMmc) {
                    flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kSd;
                } else {
                    flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kUsb;
                }

                auto disk = new android::vold::Disk(eventPath, device,
                        source->getNickname(), flags);//新建Disk
                disk->create();
                mDisks.push_back(std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk>(disk));
                break;
            }
        }
        break;
    }

有设备是主要是Aciton:kAdd,这个函数先创建了设备,根据major和minor。
从mDiskSources看是否有满足的DiskSource,然后获取其flags,然后新建Disk,调用create函数。

三、Disk创建

Disk::Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device,
        const std::string& nickname, int flags) :
        mDevice(device), mSize(-1), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags), mCreated(
                false), mJustPartitioned(false) {
    mId = StringPrintf("disk:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device));
    mEventPath = eventPath;
    mSysPath = StringPrintf("/sys/%s", eventPath.c_str());
    mDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", mId.c_str());//设备地址
    CreateDeviceNode(mDevPath, mDevice);
}

我们再来看看CreateDeviceNode函数:

status_t CreateDeviceNode(const std::string& path, dev_t dev) {
    const char* cpath = path.c_str();
    status_t res = 0;

    char* secontext = nullptr;
    if (sehandle) {
        if (!selabel_lookup(sehandle, &secontext, cpath, S_IFBLK)) {
            setfscreatecon(secontext);
        }
    }

    mode_t mode = 0660 | S_IFBLK;
    if (mknod(cpath, mode, dev) < 0) {
        if (errno != EEXIST) {
            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create device node for " << major(dev)
                    << ":" << minor(dev) << " at " << path;
            res = -errno;
        }
    }

    if (secontext) {
        setfscreatecon(nullptr);
        freecon(secontext);
    }

    return res;
}

这个函数里面,其中最重要的就是mknod,把device的设备放在了dev,这个设备目录。等于创建了设备目录,等于我们就有了dev/block/vold/disk:179,128这个目录。
我们再来看,create函数

status_t Disk::create() {
    CHECK(!mCreated);
    mCreated = true;
    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskCreated, StringPrintf("%d", mFlags));
    readMetadata();
    readPartitions();
    return OK;
}

readMetadata主要就是获取信息,然后和MountService通信,和MountService通信我们这里不说了,之前的博客都分析过很多。

status_t Disk::readMetadata() {
    mSize = -1;
    mLabel.clear();

    int fd = open(mDevPath.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
    if (fd != -1) {
        if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &mSize)) {
            mSize = -1;
        }
        close(fd);
    }

    switch (major(mDevice)) {
    case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
    case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
    case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
    case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
        std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/vendor");
        std::string tmp;
        if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path;
            return -errno;
        }
        mLabel = tmp;
        break;
    }
    case kMajorBlockMmc: {
        std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/manfid");
        std::string tmp;
        if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read manufacturer from " << path;
            return -errno;
        }
        uint64_t manfid = strtoll(tmp.c_str(), nullptr, 16);
        // Our goal here is to give the user a meaningful label, ideally
        // matching whatever is silk-screened on the card.  To reduce
        // user confusion, this list doesn't contain white-label manfid.
        switch (manfid) {
        case 0x000003: mLabel = "SanDisk"; break;
        case 0x00001b: mLabel = "Samsung"; break;
        case 0x000028: mLabel = "Lexar"; break;
        case 0x000074: mLabel = "Transcend"; break;
        }
        break;
    }
    default: {
        LOG(WARNING) << "Unsupported block major type" << major(mDevice);
        return -ENOTSUP;
    }
    }

    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSizeChanged, StringPrintf("%" PRId64, mSize));
    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskLabelChanged, mLabel);
    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSysPathChanged, mSysPath);
    return OK;
}

我们主要看readPartitions这个函数:

status_t Disk::readPartitions() {
    int8_t maxMinors = getMaxMinors();
    if (maxMinors < 0) {
        return -ENOTSUP;
    }

    destroyAllVolumes();

    // Parse partition table

    std::vector<std::string> cmd;
    cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);//"/system/bin/sgdisk";
    cmd.push_back("--android-dump");
    cmd.push_back(mDevPath);

    std::vector<std::string> output;
    status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output);
    if (res != OK) {
        LOG(WARNING) << "sgdisk failed to scan " << mDevPath;
        notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
        mJustPartitioned = false;
        return res;
    }

    Table table = Table::kUnknown;
    bool foundParts = false;
    for (auto line : output) {
        char* cline = (char*) line.c_str();
        char* token = strtok(cline, kSgdiskToken);
        if (token == nullptr) continue;

        if (!strcmp(token, "DISK")) {
            const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
            if (!strcmp(type, "mbr")) {//mbr
                table = Table::kMbr;
            } else if (!strcmp(type, "gpt")) {
                table = Table::kGpt;//gpt
            }
        } else if (!strcmp(token, "PART")) {
            foundParts = true;
            int i = strtol(strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken), nullptr, 10);
            if (i <= 0 || i > maxMinors) {
                LOG(WARNING) << mId << " is ignoring partition " << i
                        << " beyond max supported devices";
                continue;
            }
            dev_t partDevice = makedev(major(mDevice), minor(mDevice) + i);//和之前Disk一样根据disk的device的major和minor创建volume的device

            if (table == Table::kMbr) {
                const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);

                switch (strtol(type, nullptr, 16)) {
                case 0x06: // FAT16
                case 0x0b: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
                case 0x0c: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
                case 0x0e: // W95 FAT16 (LBA)
                    createPublicVolume(partDevice);
                    break;
                }
            } else if (table == Table::kGpt) {//下面的就是gpt
                const char* typeGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
                const char* partGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);

                if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptBasicData)) {
                    createPublicVolume(partDevice);
                } else if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptAndroidExpand)) {//expand就是privatevolume
                    createPrivateVolume(partDevice, partGuid);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Ugly last ditch effort, treat entire disk as partition
    if (table == Table::kUnknown || !foundParts) {
        LOG(WARNING) << mId << " has unknown partition table; trying entire device";

        std::string fsType;
        std::string unused;
        if (ReadMetadataUntrusted(mDevPath, fsType, unused, unused) == OK) {
            createPublicVolume(mDevice);
        } else {
            LOG(WARNING) << mId << " failed to identify, giving up";
        }
    }

    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
    mJustPartitioned = false;
    return OK;
}

上面函数,就是根据sgdisk这个工具,输入命令,去读取输出,相应创建privatevolume还是PublicVolume
下面我们结合sgdisk的命令输出来看:

DISK gpt D25EA824-98CC-4390-899F-40F8B7609491
PART 1 193D1EA4-B3CA-11E4-B075-10604B889DCF 7F3EE593-E357-196F-7707-FA295A508E64 android_expand

这里是内部存储sgdisk的输出。这里disk是gpt。


四、内部存储创建


我们再来看看createPrivatevolume,

void Disk::createPrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& partGuid) {
    std::string normalizedGuid;
    if (NormalizeHex(partGuid, normalizedGuid)) {
        LOG(WARNING) << "Invalid GUID " << partGuid;
        return;
    }

    std::string keyRaw;
    if (!ReadFileToString(BuildKeyPath(normalizedGuid), &keyRaw)) {
        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;
        return;
    }

    LOG(DEBUG) << "Found key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;

    auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PrivateVolume(device, keyRaw));
    if (mJustPartitioned) {
        LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
        vol->setSilent(true);
        vol->create();
        vol->format("auto");
        vol->destroy();
        vol->setSilent(false);
    }

    mVolumes.push_back(vol);
    vol->setDiskId(getId());
    vol->setPartGuid(partGuid);
    vol->create();
}

再来看Privatevolume的构造函数

PrivateVolume::PrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& keyRaw) :
        VolumeBase(Type::kPrivate), mRawDevice(device), mKeyRaw(keyRaw) {
    setId(StringPrintf("private:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device)));
    mRawDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", getId().c_str());
}

doFormat函数就是将sd卡格式化,比如格式化成ext4的。

status_t PrivateVolume::doFormat(const std::string& fsType) {
    std::string resolvedFsType = fsType;
    if (fsType == "auto") {
        // For now, assume that all MMC devices are flash-based SD cards, and
        // give everyone else ext4 because sysfs rotational isn't reliable.
        if ((major(mRawDevice) == kMajorBlockMmc) && f2fs::IsSupported()) {
            resolvedFsType = "f2fs";
        } else {
            resolvedFsType = "ext4";
        }
        LOG(DEBUG) << "Resolved auto to " << resolvedFsType;
    }

    if (resolvedFsType == "ext4") {
        // TODO: change reported mountpoint once we have better selinux support
        if (ext4::Format(mDmDevPath, 0, "/data")) {
            PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to format";
            return -EIO;
        }
    } else if (resolvedFsType == "f2fs") {
        if (f2fs::Format(mDmDevPath)) {
            PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to format";
            return -EIO;
        }
    } else {
        LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " unsupported filesystem " << fsType;
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    return OK;
}

doCreate函数,就会调用CreateDeviceNode,来创建dev设备,就是将device绑在dev目录下。后面一些函数没有深入研究

status_t PrivateVolume::doCreate() {
    if (CreateDeviceNode(mRawDevPath, mRawDevice)) {
        return -EIO;
    }

    // Recover from stale vold by tearing down any old mappings
    cryptfs_revert_ext_volume(getId().c_str());

    // TODO: figure out better SELinux labels for private volumes

    unsigned char* key = (unsigned char*) mKeyRaw.data();
    char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
    int res = cryptfs_setup_ext_volume(getId().c_str(), mRawDevPath.c_str(),
            key, mKeyRaw.size(), crypto_blkdev);
    mDmDevPath = crypto_blkdev;
    if (res != 0) {
        PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to setup cryptfs";
        return -EIO;
    }

    return OK;
}

之后就是mount了,内部存储是将dev文件mount到mnt/expand下。

status_t PrivateVolume::doMount() {
    if (readMetadata()) {
        LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to read metadata";
        return -EIO;
    }

    mPath = StringPrintf("/mnt/expand/%s", mFsUuid.c_str());
    setPath(mPath);

    if (PrepareDir(mPath, 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) {
        PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to create mount point " << mPath;
        return -EIO;
    }

    if (mFsType == "ext4") {
        int res = ext4::Check(mDmDevPath, mPath);
        if (res == 0 || res == 1) {
            LOG(DEBUG) << getId() << " passed filesystem check";
        } else {
            PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed filesystem check";
            return -EIO;
        }

        if (ext4::Mount(mDmDevPath, mPath, false, false, true)) {
            PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to mount";
            return -EIO;
        }

    } 


五、创建外部存储

外部存储sgdisk的输出命令如下:

05-30 20:23:45.358   175   177 V vold    : DISK mbr
05-30 20:23:45.359   175   177 V vold    : PART 1 c

我们再来看Disk的readPartitions函数的其中一段

   Table table = Table::kUnknown;
    bool foundParts = false;
    for (auto line : output) {
        char* cline = (char*) line.c_str();
        char* token = strtok(cline, kSgdiskToken);
        if (token == nullptr) continue;

        if (!strcmp(token, "DISK")) {
            const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
            if (!strcmp(type, "mbr")) {//mbr
                table = Table::kMbr;
            } else if (!strcmp(type, "gpt")) {
                table = Table::kGpt;
            }
        } else if (!strcmp(token, "PART")) {
            foundParts = true;
            int i = strtol(strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken), nullptr, 10);
            if (i <= 0 || i > maxMinors) {
                LOG(WARNING) << mId << " is ignoring partition " << i
                        << " beyond max supported devices";
                continue;
            }
            dev_t partDevice = makedev(major(mDevice), minor(mDevice) + i);

            if (table == Table::kMbr) {
                const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);

                switch (strtol(type, nullptr, 16)) {
                case 0x06: // FAT16
                case 0x0b: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
                case 0x0c: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
                case 0x0e: // W95 FAT16 (LBA)
                    createPublicVolume(partDevice);// 是mbr的就直接调用createPublicVolume函数
                    break;
                }
            } else if (table == Table::kGpt) {
                const char* typeGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
                const char* partGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);

                if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptBasicData)) {
                    createPublicVolume(partDevice);
                } else if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptAndroidExpand)) {
                    createPrivateVolume(partDevice, partGuid);
                }
            }
        }
    }

然后我们看createPublicVolume函数:

void Disk::createPublicVolume(dev_t device) {
    auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PublicVolume(device));
    if (mJustPartitioned) {
        LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
        vol->setSilent(true);
        vol->create();
        vol->format("auto");
        vol->destroy();
        vol->setSilent(false);
    }

    mVolumes.push_back(vol);
    vol->setDiskId(getId());
    vol->create();
}

构造函数

PublicVolume::PublicVolume(dev_t device) :
        VolumeBase(Type::kPublic), mDevice(device), mFusePid(0) {
    setId(StringPrintf("public:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device)));
    mDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", getId().c_str());
}

创建设备

status_t PublicVolume::doCreate() {
    return CreateDeviceNode(mDevPath, mDevice);
}
格式化

status_t PublicVolume::doFormat(const std::string& fsType) {
    if (fsType == "vfat" || fsType == "auto") {
        if (WipeBlockDevice(mDevPath) != OK) {
            LOG(WARNING) << getId() << " failed to wipe";
        }
        if (vfat::Format(mDevPath, 0)) {
            LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to format";
            return -errno;
        }
    } else {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Unsupported filesystem " << fsType;
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    return OK;
}

我们再来看下mount的第一步流程:

status_t PublicVolume::doMount() {
    // TODO: expand to support mounting other filesystems
    readMetadata();

    if (mFsType != "vfat") {
        LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " unsupported filesystem " << mFsType;
        return -EIO;
    }

    if (vfat::Check(mDevPath)) {
        LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed filesystem check";
        return -EIO;
    }

doMount函数中显示调用了readMetadata函数:

status_t PublicVolume::readMetadata() {
    status_t res = ReadMetadataUntrusted(mDevPath, mFsType, mFsUuid, mFsLabel);
    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::VolumeFsTypeChanged, mFsType);
    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::VolumeFsUuidChanged, mFsUuid);
    notifyEvent(ResponseCode::VolumeFsLabelChanged, mFsLabel);
    return res;
}

我们可以知道通过ReadMetadataUntrusted函数来获取mFsType, mFsUuid, mFsLabel3个值。

我们再来看下ReadMetadataUntrusted函数:

status_t ReadMetadataUntrusted(const std::string& path, std::string& fsType,
        std::string& fsUuid, std::string& fsLabel) {
    return readMetadata(path, fsType, fsUuid, fsLabel, true);
}

readMetadata函数,我们通过blkid进程来获取这些值。

static status_t readMetadata(const std::string& path, std::string& fsType,
        std::string& fsUuid, std::string& fsLabel, bool untrusted) {
    fsType.clear();
    fsUuid.clear();
    fsLabel.clear();

    std::vector<std::string> cmd;
    cmd.push_back(kBlkidPath);//"/system/bin/blkid"
    cmd.push_back("-c");
    cmd.push_back("/dev/null");
    cmd.push_back("-s");
    cmd.push_back("TYPE");
    cmd.push_back("-s");
    cmd.push_back("UUID");
    cmd.push_back("-s");
    cmd.push_back("LABEL");
    cmd.push_back(path);

    std::vector<std::string> output;
    status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output, untrusted ? sBlkidUntrustedContext : sBlkidContext);
    if (res != OK) {
        LOG(WARNING) << "blkid failed to identify " << path;
        return res;
    }

    char value[128];
    for (auto line : output) {
        // Extract values from blkid output, if defined
        const char* cline = line.c_str();
        char* start = strstr(cline, "TYPE=");
        if (start != nullptr && sscanf(start + 5, "\"%127[^\"]\"", value) == 1) {
            fsType = value;
        }

        start = strstr(cline, "UUID=");
        if (start != nullptr && sscanf(start + 5, "\"%127[^\"]\"", value) == 1) {
            fsUuid = value;
        }

        start = strstr(cline, "LABEL=");
        if (start != nullptr && sscanf(start + 6, "\"%127[^\"]\"", value) == 1) {
            fsLabel = value;
        }
    }

    return OK;
}

在这里我们再看下ForkExecvp函数:

status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args,
        std::vector<std::string>& output, security_context_t context) {
    std::string cmd;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
        cmd += args[i] + " ";
        if (i == 0) {
            LOG(VERBOSE) << args[i];//输入的命令打印
        } else {
            LOG(VERBOSE) << "    " << args[i];
        }
    }
    output.clear();

    if (setexeccon(context)) {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon";
        abort();
    }
    FILE* fp =  popen(cmd.c_str(), "r");//通过popen函数
    if (setexeccon(nullptr)) {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon";
        abort();
    }

    if (!fp) {
        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to popen " << cmd;
        return -errno;
    }
    char line[1024];
    while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != nullptr) {//获取输出
        LOG(VERBOSE) << line;
        output.push_back(std::string(line));
    }
    if (pclose(fp) != 0) {
        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to pclose " << cmd;
        return -errno;
    }

    return OK;
}

上面通过popen来执行blkid进程获取信息,popen函数先fork,然后调用exec执行cmd,并且返回一个标准I/O的文件指针。

当type是r,文件指针连接到cmd的标准输出。如果是w,文件指针连接到cmd的标准输入。

最后pclose是关闭标准I/O流。



六、如何决定外部存储还是内部存储


流程我们看完了,但是disk在调用readPartitions函数时,根据sgdisk工具的输出,来决定是创建外部存储还是内部存储。但是这个sgdisk的输出又是谁来决定的,我们可以看下下面两个函数:

第一个就是格式化为内部存储:

status_t Disk::partitionPrivate() {
    return partitionMixed(0);
}

partitionMixed函数同样调用了sgdisk工具

status_t Disk::partitionMixed(int8_t ratio) {
    int res;

    destroyAllVolumes();
    mJustPartitioned = true;

    // First nuke any existing partition table
    std::vector<std::string> cmd;
    cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
    cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
    cmd.push_back(mDevPath);

    // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
    // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
    if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
        LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
    }

    // We've had some success above, so generate both the private partition
    // GUID and encryption key and persist them.
    std::string partGuidRaw;
    std::string keyRaw;
    if (ReadRandomBytes(16, partGuidRaw) || ReadRandomBytes(16, keyRaw)) {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to generate GUID or key";
        return -EIO;
    }

    std::string partGuid;
    StrToHex(partGuidRaw, partGuid);

    if (!WriteStringToFile(keyRaw, BuildKeyPath(partGuid))) {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to persist key";
        return -EIO;
    } else {
        LOG(DEBUG) << "Persisted key for GUID " << partGuid;
    }

    // Now let's build the new GPT table. We heavily rely on sgdisk to
    // force optimal alignment on the created partitions.
    cmd.clear();
    cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);

    // If requested, create a public partition first. Mixed-mode partitioning
    // like this is an experimental feature.
    if (ratio > 0) {
        if (ratio < 10 || ratio > 90) {
            LOG(ERROR) << "Mixed partition ratio must be between 10-90%";
            return -EINVAL;
        }

        uint64_t splitMb = ((mSize / 100) * ratio) / 1024 / 1024;
        cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--new=0:0:+%" PRId64 "M", splitMb));
        cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptBasicData));
        cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:shared");
    }

    // Define a metadata partition which is designed for future use; there
    // should only be one of these per physical device, even if there are
    // multiple private volumes.
    /*cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:+16M");// 这段代码被我注释了,因为在我们的手机上有错,不知为何
    cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidMeta));
    cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_meta");*/

    // Define a single private partition filling the rest of disk.
    cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:-0");
    cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidExpand));
    cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--partition-guid=0:%s", partGuid.c_str()));
    cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_expand");// 这里就是对应我们的PART1 的expand

    cmd.push_back(mDevPath);

    if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to partition; status " << res;
        return res;
    }

    return OK;
}

原来的意思是先创建一个16M的part1为android_meta, 剩余的存储创建了part2,为android_expand。但是这样后面,在创建part2的时候createPrivatevolume,最后在Privatevolume的docreate函数出错了,没有找到设备。所以将part1,这段代码注释后是可以的。


第二个函数partitionPublic函数如下,变成外部存储。类似上面

status_t Disk::partitionPublic() {
    int res;

    // TODO: improve this code
    destroyAllVolumes();
    mJustPartitioned = true;

    // First nuke any existing partition table
    std::vector<std::string> cmd;
    cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
    cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
    cmd.push_back(mDevPath);

    // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
    // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
    if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
        LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
    }

    struct disk_info dinfo;
    memset(&dinfo, 0, sizeof(dinfo));

    if (!(dinfo.part_lst = (struct part_info *) malloc(
            MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info)))) {
        return -1;
    }

    memset(dinfo.part_lst, 0, MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info));
    dinfo.device = strdup(mDevPath.c_str());
    dinfo.scheme = PART_SCHEME_MBR;
    dinfo.sect_size = 512;
    dinfo.skip_lba = 2048;
    dinfo.num_lba = 0;
    dinfo.num_parts = 1;

    struct part_info *pinfo = &dinfo.part_lst[0];

    pinfo->name = strdup("android_sdcard");
    pinfo->flags |= PART_ACTIVE_FLAG;
    pinfo->type = PC_PART_TYPE_FAT32;
    pinfo->len_kb = -1;

    int rc = apply_disk_config(&dinfo, 0);
    if (rc) {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to apply disk configuration: " << rc;
        goto out;
    }

out:
    free(pinfo->name);
    free(dinfo.device);
    free(dinfo.part_lst);

    return rc;
}

而在调用这两个函数之后,应该是将某些数据烧录到了sd卡中。

因为下次开机,vold在Disk的readPartitions函数根据sgdisk工具输出,就自动识别出是publicvolume还是Privatevolume。




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