矩阵、向量求导法则 复杂矩阵问题求导方法:可以从小到大,从scalar到vector再到matrix。 x is a column vector, A is a matrix d(A∗x)/dx=A d(xT∗A)/dxT=A d(xT∗A)/dx=AT d(xT∗A∗x)/dx=xT(AT+A) practice: