Matlab rng 命令的使用

rng Control the random number generator used by RAND, RANDI, and RANDN. 
rng(SD) seeds the random number generator using the non-negative integer SD so that RAND, RANDI, and RANDN produce a predictable sequence of numbers. 
如：

% Get generator settings.
s = rng;

% Call rand.
x = rand(2,3);

% Restore previous generator 
% settings.
rng(s);

% Call rand again and 
% get the same results.
y = rand(2,3)

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得到的x与y是完全相同的（因为y与x是在同一个 random number generator里）；再如：

% Get generator settings.
s = rng;

% Call rand.
x = rand(2,4)

% Restore previous generator 
% settings.
rng(s);

% Call rand again and 
% get the same results.
y = rand(3,2)

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得到的结果为

x =

    0.2760    0.6551    0.1190    0.9597
    0.6797    0.1626    0.4984    0.3404


y =

    0.2760    0.1626
    0.6797    0.1190
    0.6551    0.4984

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对比可见，y是在x里面按列取值的。而

x = rand(2,3);
y = rand(2,3)

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得到的x与y则是完全随机，即不相同的。 
更具体可参见help文件。

% 每次打开matlab之后生成相同的随机数，在rand一类的命令前加上以下两行命令
rng('default') % 每次打开matlab之后初始化到相同
rng(1) % 选择 seed