汉字点阵与OLED屏显

1. 串口传输文件的练习

接线

发送文件

保存文件

2. 学习理解汉字的机内码、区位码编码规则和字形数据存储格式。

2.1ubuntu新建文件夹用来存放代码、图片、24点阵.hz文件，ASCII码.zf文件

2.2创建写入文件

vim test3.cpp

2.3代码

#include<iostream>

#include<opencv/cv.h>

#include"opencv2/opencv.hpp"

#include<opencv/cxcore.h>

#include<opencv/highgui.h>

#include<math.h>

using namespace cv;

using namespace std;

void paint_chinese(Mat& image,int x_offset,int y_offset,unsigned long offset);

void paint_ascii(Mat& image,int x_offset,int y_offset,unsigned long offset);

void put_text_to_image(int x_offset,int y_offset,String image_path,char* logo_path);

int main(){

    String image_path="/home/x-huxi/myhomework/chinesetest/yousee.png";

    char* logo_path=(char*)"/home/x-huxi/myhomework/chinesetest/logo.txt";

    put_text_to_image(20,300,image_path,logo_path);

    return 0;

}



void paint_ascii(Mat& image,int x_offset,int y_offset,unsigned long offset){

    //绘制的起点坐标

	Point p;

	p.x = x_offset;

	p.y = y_offset;

	 //存放ascii字膜

	char buff[16];           

	//打开ascii字库文件

	FILE *ASCII;

	if ((ASCII = fopen("/home/x-huxi/myhomework/chinesetest/Asci0816.zf", "rb")) == NULL){

		printf("Can't open ascii.zf,Please check the path!");

		//getch();

		exit(0);

	}

	fseek(ASCII, offset, SEEK_SET);

	fread(buff, 16, 1, ASCII);

	int i, j;

	Point p1 = p;

	for (i = 0; i<16; i++)                  //十六个char

	{

		p.x = x_offset;

		for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)              //一个char八个bit

		{

			p1 = p;

			if (buff[i] & (0x80 >> j))    /*测试当前位是否为1*/

			{


				circle(image, p1, 0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1);

				p1.x++;

				circle(image, p1, 0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1);

				p1.y++;

				circle(image, p1, 0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1);

				p1.x--;

				circle(image, p1, 0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1);

				

			}						

			p.x+=2;            //原来的一个像素点变为四个像素点，所以x和y都应该+2

		}

		p.y+=2;

	}

}



void paint_chinese(Mat& image,int x_offset,int y_offset,unsigned long offset){//在图片上画汉字

    Point p;

    p.x=x_offset;

    p.y=y_offset;

    FILE *HZK;

    char buff[72];//72个字节，用来存放汉字的

    if((HZK=fopen("/home/x-huxi/myhomework/chinesetest/HZKs2424.hz","rb"))==NULL){

        printf("Can't open HZKf2424.hz,Please check the path!");

        exit(0);//退出

    }

    fseek(HZK, offset, SEEK_SET);/*将文件指针移动到偏移量的位置*/

    fread(buff, 72, 1, HZK);/*从偏移量的位置读取72个字节，每个汉字占72个字节*/

    bool mat[24][24];//定义一个新的矩阵存放转置后的文字字膜

    int i,j,k;

    for (i = 0; i<24; i++)                 /*24x24点阵汉字，一共有24行*/

	{

		for (j = 0; j<3; j++)                /*横向有3个字节，循环判断每个字节的*/

			for (k = 0; k<8; k++)              /*每个字节有8位，循环判断每位是否为1*/

				if (buff[i * 3 + j] & (0x80 >> k))    /*测试当前位是否为1*/

				{

					mat[j * 8 + k][i] = true;          /*为1的存入新的字膜中*/

				}

				else {

					mat[j * 8 + k][i] = false;

				}

	}

    for (i = 0; i < 24; i++)

	{

		p.x = x_offset;

		for (j = 0; j < 24; j++)

		{		

			if (mat[i][j])

				circle(image, p, 1, Scalar(255, 0, 0), -1);		  //写(替换)像素点

			p.x++;                                                //右移一个像素点

		}

		p.y++;                                                    //下移一个像素点

	}

}



void put_text_to_image(int x_offset,int y_offset,String image_path,char* logo_path){//将汉字弄上图片
//x和y就是第一个字在图片上的起始坐标
    //通过图片路径获取图片

    Mat image=imread(image_path);

    int length=18;//要打印的字符长度

    unsigned char qh,wh;//定义区号，位号

    unsigned long offset;//偏移量

    unsigned char hexcode[30];//用于存放记事本读取的十六进制,记得要用无符号

    FILE* file_logo;

    if ((file_logo = fopen(logo_path, "rb")) == NULL){

		printf("Can't open txtfile,Please check the path!");

		//getch();

		exit(0);

	}

    fseek(file_logo, 0, SEEK_SET);

    fread(hexcode, length, 1, file_logo);

    int x =x_offset,y = y_offset;//x,y:在图片上绘制文字的起始坐标

    for(int m=0;m<length;){

        if(hexcode[m]==0x23){

            break;//读到#号时结束

        }

        else if(hexcode[m]>0xaf){

            qh=hexcode[m]-0xaf;//使用的字库里是以汉字啊开头，而不是以汉字符号开头

            wh=hexcode[m+1] - 0xa0;//计算位码

            offset=(94*(qh-1)+(wh-1))*72L;

            paint_chinese(image,x,y,offset);

            m=m+2;//一个汉字的机内码占两个字节，

            x+=24;//一个汉字为24*24个像素点，由于是水平放置，所以是向右移动24个像素点

        }

        else{//当读取的字符为ASCII码时

        wh=hexcode[m];

        offset=wh*16l;//计算英文字符的偏移量

        paint_ascii(image,x,y,offset);

        m++;//英文字符在文件里表示只占一个字节，所以往后移一位就行了

        x+=16;
 }



    }

    cv::imshow("image", image);

    cv::waitKey();

}

2.4编译

g++ test3.cpp -o test3 `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`

2.5结果

3.  理解OLED屏显和汉字点阵编码原理，使用STM32F103的SPI或IIC接口实现以下功能

3.1 显示自己的学号和姓名

3.1.1取模软件生成点阵

3.1.2在keil中找到oldefont.h，修改代码

const typFNT_GB16 cfont16[] = 
{
	0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,
0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08,0x00,0x00,
	0x01,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3F,0xFE,0x20,0x80,0x2F,0xF8,0x20,0x88,0x3F,0xFE,0x20,0x88,
0x2F,0xF8,0x28,0x80,0x24,0xC4,0x22,0xA8,0x44,0x90,0x48,0x88,0x92,0x86,0x01,0x00,
	0x00,0x20,0x00,0xF0,0x1F,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x21,0x00,0x21,0x00,0x3F,0xFC,
0x01,0x00,0x09,0x20,0x09,0x10,0x11,0x08,0x21,0x04,0x41,0x04,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,
};

3.1.3打开test.c,修改TEST_MainPage函数

void TEST_MainPage(void)
{	
	GUI_ShowCHinese(28,20,16,"田康乐",1);
	GUI_ShowString(4,48,"632107030207",16,1);
	delay_ms(1500);		
	delay_ms(1500);
}

3.1.4修改主函数

int main(void)
{	
	delay_init();	    	       //延时函数初始化	  
	NVIC_Configuration(); 	   //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级 	
	OLED_Init();			         //初始化OLED  
	OLED_Clear(0);             //清屏（全黑）
	while(1) 
	{	
		TEST_MainPage();         //主界面显示测试
	}
}

3.1.5结果

3.2显示AHT20的温度和湿度

3.2.1温湿度显示read_AHT20函数

void read_AHT20(void)
{
	uint8_t   i;
	for(i=0; i<6; i++)
	{
		readByte[i]=0;
	}

	//-------------
	I2C_Start();

	I2C_WriteByte(0x71);
	ack_status = Receive_ACK();
	readByte[0]= I2C_ReadByte();
	Send_ACK();

	readByte[1]= I2C_ReadByte();
	Send_ACK();

	readByte[2]= I2C_ReadByte();
	Send_ACK();

	readByte[3]= I2C_ReadByte();
	Send_ACK();

	readByte[4]= I2C_ReadByte();
	Send_ACK();

	readByte[5]= I2C_ReadByte();
	SendNot_Ack();
	//Send_ACK();

	I2C_Stop();

	//--------------
	if( (readByte[0] & 0x68) == 0x08 )
	{
		H1 = readByte[1];
		H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[2];
		H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[3];
		H1 = H1>>4;

		H1 = (H1*1000)/1024/1024;

		T1 = readByte[3];
		T1 = T1 & 0x0000000F;
		T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[4];
		T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[5];

		T1 = (T1*2000)/1024/1024 - 500;

		AHT20_OutData[0] = (H1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
		AHT20_OutData[1] = H1 & 0x000000FF;

		AHT20_OutData[2] = (T1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
		AHT20_OutData[3] = T1 & 0x000000FF;
	}
	else
	{
		AHT20_OutData[0] = 0xFF;
		AHT20_OutData[1] = 0xFF;

		AHT20_OutData[2] = 0xFF;
		AHT20_OutData[3] = 0xFF;
		printf("lyy");

	}
	/*通过串口显示采集得到的温湿度
	printf("\r\n");
	printf("温度:%d%d.%d",T1/100,(T1/10)%10,T1%10);
	printf("湿度:%d%d.%d",H1/100,(H1/10)%10,H1%10);
	printf("\r\n");*/
	t=T1/10;
	t1=T1%10;
	a=(float)(t+t1*0.1);
	h=H1/10;
	h1=H1%10;
	b=(float)(h+h1*0.1);
	sprintf(strTemp,"%.1f",a);   //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的温度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strTemp中  
    sprintf(strHumi,"%.1f",b);    //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的湿度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strHumi中  
	GUI_ShowCHinese(16,00,16,"温湿度显示",1);
	GUI_ShowCHinese(16,20,16,"温度",1);
	GUI_ShowString(53,20,strTemp,16,1);
	GUI_ShowCHinese(16,38,16,"湿度",1);
	GUI_ShowString(53,38,strHumi,16,1);
	delay_ms(1500);		
	delay_ms(1500);
}

3.2.2点阵显示文字

	"温",0x00,0x00,0x23,0xF8,0x12,0x08,0x12,0x08,0x83,0xF8,0x42,0x08,0x42,0x08,0x13,0xF8,
  0x10,0x00,0x27,0xFC,0xE4,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"温",0*/
	"度",0x01,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3F,0xFE,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,0x3F,0xFC,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,
  0x23,0xE0,0x20,0x00,0x2F,0xF0,0x24,0x10,0x42,0x20,0x41,0xC0,0x86,0x30,0x38,0x0E,/*"度",0*/
	"湿",0x00,0x00,0x27,0xF8,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x08,0x87,0xF8,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x17,0xF8,
  0x11,0x20,0x21,0x20,0xE9,0x24,0x25,0x28,0x23,0x30,0x21,0x20,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"湿",0*/
	"显",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,
  0x04,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x24,0x44,0x14,0x48,0x14,0x50,0x04,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"显",0*/
	"示",0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,
  0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x08,0x21,0x04,0x41,0x02,0x81,0x02,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"示",0*/

3.2.3主函数

#include "delay.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "bsp_i2c.h"
#include "sys.h"

#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"

int main(void)
{	
	delay_init();	    	       //延时函数初始化    	  
	uart_init(115200);	 
	IIC_Init();
		  
	NVIC_Configuration(); 	   //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级 	
	OLED_Init();			         //初始化OLED  
	OLED_Clear(0); 
	while(1)
	{
		//printf("温度湿度显示");
		read_AHT20_once();
		OLED_Clear(0); 
		delay_ms(1500);
  }
}

3.2.4结果

3.3STM32+OLED上下或左右的滑动显示长字符

3.3.1滚屏设置
水平左右移动

OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD);        //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x26,OLED_CMD);        //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD);        //开启滚动

3.3.2垂直和水平滚动

OLED_WR_Byte(0x2e,OLED_CMD);        //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x29,OLED_CMD);        //水平垂直和水平滚动左右 29/2a
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //终止页 1
OLED_WR_Byte(0x01,OLED_CMD);        //垂直滚动偏移量
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD);        //开启滚动

3.3.3主函数

#include "delay.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{	
	delay_init();	    	       //延时函数初始化	  
	NVIC_Configuration(); 	   //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级 	
	OLED_Init();			         //初始化OLED  
	OLED_Clear(0);             //清屏（全黑）
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD);        //关闭滚动
    OLED_WR_Byte(0x27,OLED_CMD);        //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
    OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //起始页 0
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //滚动时间间隔
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //终止页 7
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
	TEST_MainPage();
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD);        //开启滚动
}