代码随想录算法训练营【二叉树篇层序遍历】

二叉树的层序遍历

注：本文代码来自于代码随想录

102.二叉树的层序遍历

力扣102

Python

长度法

# 利用长度法
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def levelOrder(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> List[List[int]]:
        if not root:
            return []
        queue = collections.deque([root])
        result = []
        while queue:
            level = []
            for _ in range(len(queue)):
                cur = queue.popleft()
                level.append(cur.val)
                if cur.left:
                    queue.append(cur.left)
                if cur.right:
                    queue.append(cur.right)
            result.append(level)
        return result

递归法

#递归法
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def levelOrder(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> List[List[int]]:
        if not root:
            return []

        levels = []

        def traverse(node, level):
            if not node:
                return

            if len(levels) == level:
                levels.append([])

            levels[level].append(node.val)
            traverse(node.left, level + 1)
            traverse(node.right, level + 1)

        traverse(root, 0)
        return levels

107.二叉树的层次遍历 II

力扣107

Python

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def levelOrderBottom(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> List[List[int]]:
        if not root:
            return []
        queue = collections.deque([root])
        result = []
        while queue:
            level = []
            for _ in range(len(queue)):
                cur = queue.popleft()
                level.append(cur.val)
                if cur.left:
                    queue.append(cur.left)
                if cur.right:
                    queue.append(cur.right)
            result.append(level)
        return result[::-1]

199.二叉树的右视图

力扣199

层序遍历的时候，判断是否遍历到单层的最后面的元素，如果是，就放进result数组中，随后返回result就可以了。

Python

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def rightSideView(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[int]:
        if not root:
            return []
        
        queue = collections.deque([root])
        right_view = []
        
        while queue:
            level_size = len(queue)
            
            for i in range(level_size):
                node = queue.popleft()
                
                if i == level_size - 1:
                    right_view.append(node.val)
                
                if node.left:
                    queue.append(node.left)
                if node.right:
                    queue.append(node.right)
        
        return right_view

637.二叉树的层平均值

力扣637

Python

class Solution:
    """二叉树层平均值迭代解法"""

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def averageOfLevels(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[float]:
        if not root:
            return []

        queue = collections.deque([root])
        averages = []
        
        while queue:
            size = len(queue)
            level_sum = 0
            
            for i in range(size):
                node = queue.popleft()
                
                
                level_sum += node.val
                    
                if node.left:
                    queue.append(node.left)
                if node.right:
                    queue.append(node.right)
            
            averages.append(level_sum / size)
        
        return averages

429.N叉树的层序遍历

力扣429

Python

层序遍历

"""
# Definition for a Node.
class Node:
    def __init__(self, val=None, children=None):
        self.val = val
        self.children = children
"""

class Solution:
    def levelOrder(self, root: 'Node') -> List[List[int]]:
        if not root:
            return []

        result = []
        queue = collections.deque([root])

        while queue:
            level_size = len(queue)
            level = []

            for _ in range(level_size):
                node = queue.popleft()
                level.append(node.val)

                for child in node.children:
                    queue.append(child)

            result.append(level)

        return result

递归法

# LeetCode 429. N-ary Tree Level Order Traversal
# 递归法
class Solution:
    def levelOrder(self, root: 'Node') -> List[List[int]]:
        if not root: return []
        result=[]
        def traversal(root,depth):
            if len(result)==depth:result.append([])
            result[depth].append(root.val)
            if root.children:
                for i in range(len(root.children)):traversal(root.children[i],depth+1)

        traversal(root,0)
        return result

515.在每个树行中找最大值

力扣515

Python

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def largestValues(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[int]:
        if not root:
            return []

        result = []
        queue = collections.deque([root])

        while queue:
            level_size = len(queue)
            max_val = float('-inf')

            for _ in range(level_size):
                node = queue.popleft()
                max_val = max(max_val, node.val)

                if node.left:
                    queue.append(node.left)

                if node.right:
                    queue.append(node.right)

            result.append(max_val)

        return result

116.填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针

力扣116

本题依然是层序遍历，只不过在单层遍历的时候记录一下本层的头部节点，然后在遍历的时候让前一个节点指向本节点就可以了

Python

"""
# Definition for a Node.
class Node:
    def __init__(self, val: int = 0, left: 'Node' = None, right: 'Node' = None, next: 'Node' = None):
        self.val = val
        self.left = left
        self.right = right
        self.next = next
"""
class Solution:
    def connect(self, root: 'Node') -> 'Node':
        if not root:
            return root
        
        queue = collections.deque([root])
        
        while queue:
            level_size = len(queue)
            prev = None
            
            for i in range(level_size):
                node = queue.popleft()
                
                if prev:
                    prev.next = node
                
                prev = node
                
                if node.left:
                    queue.append(node.left)
                
                if node.right:
                    queue.append(node.right)
        
        return root

117.填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针II

力扣117

这道题目说是二叉树，但116题目说是完整二叉树，其实没有任何差别，一样的代码一样的逻辑一样的味道

Python

# 层序遍历解法
"""
# Definition for a Node.
class Node:
    def __init__(self, val: int = 0, left: 'Node' = None, right: 'Node' = None, next: 'Node' = None):
        self.val = val
        self.left = left
        self.right = right
        self.next = next
"""

class Solution:
    def connect(self, root: 'Node') -> 'Node':
        if not root:
            return root
        
        queue = collections.deque([root])
        
        while queue:
            level_size = len(queue)
            prev = None
            
            for i in range(level_size):
                node = queue.popleft()
                
                if prev:
                    prev.next = node
                
                prev = node
                
                if node.left:
                    queue.append(node.left)
                
                if node.right:
                    queue.append(node.right)
        
        return root

104.二叉树的最大深度

力扣104

Python

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def maxDepth(self, root: TreeNode) -> int:
        if not root:
            return 0
        
        depth = 0
        queue = collections.deque([root])
        
        while queue:
            depth += 1
            for _ in range(len(queue)):
                node = queue.popleft()
                if node.left:
                    queue.append(node.left)
                if node.right:
                    queue.append(node.right)
        
        return depth

111.二叉树的最小深度

力扣111

Python

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def minDepth(self, root: TreeNode) -> int:
        if not root:
            return 0
        depth = 0
        queue = collections.deque([root])
        
        while queue:
            depth += 1 
            for _ in range(len(queue)):
                node = queue.popleft()
                
                if not node.left and not node.right:
                    return depth
            
                if node.left:
                    queue.append(node.left)
                    
                if node.right:
                    queue.append(node.right)

        return depth