使用Spring+JDBC集成步骤如下:
配置数据源,如:
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="mysql" /> .....略 </bean>
配置事务。配置事务时,需要在xml配置文件中引入用于声明事务的tx命名空间(如下),事务的配置方式有两种:注解方式和基于XML配置方式。
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" //事务 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop h ttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> </beans>
为了方便,我们使用属性占位符方式配置数据源
<!-- classpath指明在配置文件在类路径下面 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${url}" /> <property name="username" value="${username}" /> <property name="password" value="${password}" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后,连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分,一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时,连接池就会预申请去一些连接,以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" /> </bean>
jdbc.properties
driverClassName=org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/spring?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8 username=root password=mysql initialSize=1 maxActive=500 maxIdle=2 minIdle=1
采用注解方式配置事务
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!– 采用@Transactional注解方式使用事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
综合上述,spring.xml的配置文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <!-- classpath指明在配置文件在类路径下面 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${url}" /> <property name="username" value="${username}" /> <property name="password" value="${password}" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后,连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分,一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时,连接池就会预申请去一些连接,以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" /> </bean> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" /> <bean id="personService" class="org.spring.service.impl.PersonServiceBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> </beans>
Person类
package org.spring.bean;
public class Person {
private Integer id;
private String name;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
PersonService
package org.spring.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.spring.bean.Person;
public interface PersonService {
/**
* 保存person
*
* @param person
*/
public void save(Person person);
/**
* 更新person
*
* @param person
*/
public void update(Person person);
/**
* 获取person
*
* @param personid
* @return
*/
public Person getPerson(Integer personid);
/**
* 获取所有person
*
* @return
*/
public List<Person> getPersons();
/**
* 删除指定id的person
*
* @param personid
*/
public void delete(Integer personid);
}
PersonServiceBean
package org.spring.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.spring.bean.Person;
import org.spring.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Transactional
public class PersonServiceBean implements PersonService {
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
public void delete(Integer personid) {
jdbcTemplate
.update("delete from person where id=?",
new Object[] { personid },
new int[] { java.sql.Types.INTEGER });
}
public Person getPerson(Integer personid) {
return (Person) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
"select * from person where id=?", new Object[] { personid },
new int[] { java.sql.Types.INTEGER }, new PersonRowMapper());
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Person> getPersons() {
return (List<Person>) jdbcTemplate.query("select * from person",
new PersonRowMapper());
}
public void save(Person person) {
jdbcTemplate.update("insert into person(name) values(?)",
new Object[] { person.getName() },
new int[] { java.sql.Types.VARCHAR });
}
public void update(Person person) {
jdbcTemplate.update("update person set name=? where id=?",
new Object[] { person.getName(), person.getId() }, new int[] {
java.sql.Types.VARCHAR, java.sql.Types.INTEGER });
}
}
PersonRowMapper
package org.spring.service.impl;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.spring.bean.Person;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
public class PersonRowMapper implements RowMapper {
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {
Person person = new Person(rs.getString("name"));
person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
return person;
}
}
测试类
package org.spring.junit;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.spring.bean.Person;
import org.spring.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class PersonServiceTest {
private static PersonService personService;
@BeforeClass
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
try {
ApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"spring.xml");
personService = (PersonService) cxt.getBean("personService");
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void save() {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
personService.save(new Person("spring" + i));
}
@Test
public void getPerson() {
Person person = personService.getPerson(3);
System.out.println(person.getName());
}
@Test
public void update() {
Person person = personService.getPerson(1);
person.setName("xxx");
personService.update(person);
}
@Test
public void delete() {
personService.delete(1);
}
@Test
public void getBeans() {
for (Person person : personService.getPersons()) {
System.out.println(person.getName());
}
}
}
目录结构如下