109 Transient, Scoped, Singleton02

示例

ICitiesService.cs中添加ServiceInstanceId字段，用于每次构造示例都创建一个GUID类型的Id，通过一次性出入3次查看Transient, Scoped, Singleton的区别：

ICitiesService.cs

public interface ICitiesService
{
    Guid ServiceInstanceId { get; }
    List<string> GetCities();
}

CitiesService.cs

public class CitiesService : ICitiesService
{
    private List<string> _cities;

    private Guid _serviceInstanceId;
    public Guid ServiceInstanceId
    {
        get
        {
            return _serviceInstanceId;
        }
    }

    public CitiesService()
    {
        _serviceInstanceId = Guid.NewGuid();
        _cities = new List<string>()
        {
            "Lodon",
            "Paris",
            "New York",
            "Tokyo",
            "Rome"
        };
    }

    public List<string> GetCities()
    {
        return _cities;
    }
}

HomeController

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    //private readonly CitiesService _citiesService;

    private readonly ICitiesService _citiesService1;
    private readonly ICitiesService _citiesService2;
    private readonly ICitiesService _citiesService3;

    public HomeController(ICitiesService services1,
        ICitiesService services2,
        ICitiesService services3)
    {
        //_citiesService = new CitiesService();
        _citiesService1 = services1;
        _citiesService2 = services2;
        _citiesService3 = services3;
    }

    [Route("/")]
    public IActionResult Index()
    {
        List<string> cities = _citiesService1.GetCities();
        ViewBag.Ins1 = _citiesService1.ServiceInstanceId;
        ViewBag.Ins2 = _citiesService2.ServiceInstanceId;
        ViewBag.Ins3 = _citiesService3.ServiceInstanceId;
        return View(cities);
    }
}

Index.cshtml

@model IEnumerable<string>

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Home";
}

<h1>Home</h1>
<ul class="list">
@foreach (string city in Model)
{
    <li>@city</li>
}
</ul>

<div>Ins1: @ViewBag.Ins1</div>
<div>Ins2: @ViewBag.Ins2</div>
<div>Ins3: @ViewBag.Ins3</div>

Program.cs

using ServiceContracts;
using Services;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();

builder.Services.Add(new ServiceDescriptor(
    typeof(ICitiesService),
    typeof(CitiesService),
    ServiceLifetime.Transient));

//builder.Services.AddScoped<ICitiesService, CitiesService>();
var app = builder.Build();

//app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello World!");
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.MapControllers();

app.Run();

ServiceLifetime.Transient单次请求得到的3个Id都不一样；

ServiceLifetime.Scoped单次请求得到的3个Id一样，但是刷新后得到的3个Id一样但是和上次请求不一样；

ServiceLifetime.Singletond单次请求得到的3个Id一样，且刷新后得到的3个Id一样且和上次请求一样，没有变化；

使用场景

缓存数据处理或者发送邮件，可以使用Transient;

EF Core使用Scoped;

整个程序在内存中共享数据，比如一个数据库的几张表，要在内存中处理完数据后，再插入到数据库中的情况使用Singleton;

Gitee获取源码：

https://gitee.com/huang_jianhua0101/asp.-net-core-8.git