Java基础复习——DAY10（Map续；Collections；File）

续（Map）

案例1：Map，Student学生信息遍历（value是Student类）

package arrays;
/*Student类*/
public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

package arrays;
/*两种遍历方式*/
import java.util.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合对象
        HashMap<String, Student> hm = new HashMap<>();

        Student s1 = new Student("wen", 20);
        Student s2 = new Student("tian", 30);
        Student s3 = new Student("sheng", 40);
        //Student s4 = new Student("aka",60);

        hm.put("cczu001", s1);
        hm.put("cczu002", s2);
        hm.put("cczu003", s3);

        //遍历1 键找值
        Set<String> keyset = hm.keySet();
        for (String key : keyset) {
            Student s = hm.get(key);
            System.out.println(key + ',' + s.getName() + ',' + s.getAge());
        }
        System.out.println("----------------");

        //遍历2 键值对
        for (Map.Entry<String, Student> me : hm.entrySet()) {//hm.entrySet()表示所有键值对的集合
            //Map.Entry<String, Student>表示数据类型
            String key = me.getKey(); //获取键值
            System.out.println(key + ',' + me.getValue().getName() + ',' + me.getValue().getAge());
        }
    }
}

案例2：Map，Student学生信息遍历（String是Student，保证唯一性）

package arrays;

import java.util.Objects;

/*Student类*/
public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Student student = (Student) o;
        return age == student.age && Objects.equals(name, student.name);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(name, age);
    }
}

package arrays;

import java.util.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合对象
        HashMap<Student, String> hm = new HashMap<>();

        Student s1 = new Student("wen", 20);
        Student s2 = new Student("tian", 30);
        Student s3 = new Student("sheng", 40);
        Student s4 = new Student("wen", 20);
        //如果不重写Student中的方法，键相同就会覆盖

        hm.put(s1, "常州");
        hm.put(s2, "上海");
        hm.put(s3, "北京");
        hm.put(s4, "成都");

        //遍历
        Set<Student> keySet = hm.keySet();//键集合
        for (Student key : keySet) {
            System.out.println(key.getName() + ',' + key.getAge() + ',' + hm.get(key));
        }
/*        wen,20,常州
        sheng,40,北京
        tian,30,上海
        wen,20,成都*/  //没有保证键的唯一性，按道理成都覆盖常州

        // 重写方法后保证键的唯一性
//        wen,20,成都
//        sheng,40,北京
//        tian,30,上海
    }
}

案例3：集合嵌套ArrayList存储HashMap元素，遍历

package arrays;

import java.util.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合对象
        ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();

        //创建hashmap集合
        HashMap<String, String> hm1 = new HashMap<>();
        hm1.put("wts1", "wen");
        hm1.put("wts2", "tian");
        hm1.put("wts3", "sheng");
        arrayList.add(hm1);

        HashMap<String, String> hm2 = new HashMap<>();
        hm2.put("lx1", "li");
        hm2.put("lx2", "xiao");
        arrayList.add(hm2);

        HashMap<String, String> hm3 = new HashMap<>();
        hm3.put("xwb1", "xia");
        hm3.put("xwb2", "wen");
        hm3.put("xwb3", "biao");
        arrayList.add(hm3);

        //增强for遍历
        for (HashMap<String, String> hashMap : arrayList) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entryset : hashMap.entrySet()) {
                String key = entryset.getKey();
                String value = entryset.getValue();
                System.out.println(key + value);
//                wts3sheng
//                wts2tian
//                wts1wen
//                lx1li
//                lx2xiao
//                xwb1xia
//                xwb2wen
//                xwb3biao
            }
        }
    }
}

案例4：HashMap存储ArrayList集合，遍历

package arrays;

import java.util.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合对象
        HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>> hashMap = new HashMap<>();

        ArrayList<String> arrayList1 = new ArrayList<>();
        arrayList1.add("关羽");
        arrayList1.add("刘备");
        arrayList1.add("张飞");
        hashMap.put("三国演义", arrayList1);

        ArrayList<String> arrayList2 = new ArrayList<>();
        arrayList2.add("武松");
        arrayList2.add("鲁智深");
        arrayList2.add("宋江");
        hashMap.put("水浒", arrayList2);

        ArrayList<String> arrayList3 = new ArrayList<>();
        arrayList3.add("孙悟空");
        arrayList3.add("猪八戒");
        arrayList3.add("唐僧");
        hashMap.put("西游记", arrayList3);

        //遍历
        for (Map.Entry<String, ArrayList<String>> entry : hashMap.entrySet()) {
            System.out.println(entry.getKey());
            for (String arr : entry.getValue()) {
                System.out.println("\t" + arr);
                //水浒
                //	武松
                //	鲁智深
                //	宋江
                //三国演义
                //	关羽
                //	刘备
                //	张飞
                //西游记
                //	孙悟空
                //	猪八戒
                //	唐僧
            }
        }
    }
}

案例5：统计字符串每个字符出现的次数

思路，用键值覆盖的思维

package arrays;

import java.util.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //键盘输入
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("输入一个字符串:");
        String s = sc.nextLine();

        //创建HashMap
        HashMap<Character, Integer> hashMap = new HashMap<>();

        //遍历字符串得到每一个值
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
            char key = s.charAt(i);
            Integer value = hashMap.get(key);
            if (value == null) {//不存在，设置为1
                hashMap.put(key, 1);

            } else {//存在，加一
                value++;
                hashMap.put(key, value);
            }
        }

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        Set<Character> set = hashMap.keySet();
        for (Map.Entry<Character, Integer> entry : hashMap.entrySet()) {
            sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('(').append(entry.getValue()).append(')');
        }
        String ss = sb.toString();
        System.out.println(ss);
        //aaabbc
        //a(3)b(2)c(1)
    }
}

Collections

1. Collections概述和使用

• 针对集合操作的工具类
  常用方法：
  

package arrays;

import java.util.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(30);
        list.add(20);
        list.add(10);
        list.add(50);
        list.add(40);

        //指定列表升序排列
        Collections.sort(list);
        System.out.println(list);//[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

        //指定列表顺序反转
        Collections.reverse(list);
        System.out.println(list);//[50, 40, 30, 20, 10]

        //使用默认的随即源，随机排列指定列表
        Collections.shuffle(list);
        System.out.println(list);//[10, 50, 20, 30, 40] //[10, 20, 50, 40, 30]
    }
}

案例：ArrayList学生对象（年龄升序）

比较器（匿名内部类）

package arrays;

import java.util.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        Student s1 = new Student("wts", 20);
        Student s2 = new Student("xwb", 10);
        Student s3 = new Student("cyc", 50);
        Student s4 = new Student("ljc", 20);
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(s2);
        list.add(s3);
        list.add(s4);

        Collections.sort(list, new Comparator<Student>() {//Collections.sort()比较器实现
            @Override
            public int compare(Student s1, Student s2) {
                int num = s1.getAge() - s2.getAge();
                int num2 = num == 0 ? s1.getName().compareTo(s2.getName()) : num;
                return num;
            }
        });

        for (Student s : list) {
            System.out.println(s.getName() + ',' + s.getAge());
        }
    }
}

File

1. File的概述和使用方法

概述：

• 文件和目录是可以通过File封装成对象的
• 对File而言，封装的仅仅是一个路径名。将来要通过具体的操作，把路径内容转换成具体存在

常用方法：
三个表示一个意思：

2. File的创建功能

有手就行

3. File类判断和获取功能

4. File类的删除

5. 递归

有手就行

package file;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("输入一个数：");
        int k = sc.nextInt();
        System.out.println(k + "的阶乘是" + jc(k));
    }

    public static int jc(int n) {
        if (n == 1) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            return n * jc(n - 1);
        }
    }
}

案例：查看文件夹目录下所有文件

package file;

import java.io.File;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File srcfile = new File("G:\\Program\\java_basic_learning");
        getAllFilePath(srcfile);
    }

    public static void getAllFilePath(File f) {
        File[] arrays = f.listFiles();
        if (arrays != null) {
            for (File file : arrays) {
                if (file.isDirectory()) {//判断文件是否是目录
                    //是，递归
                    getAllFilePath(file);
                } else {
                    //不是，输出文件绝对路径
                    System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath());
                }
            }
        }
    }
}