Spring的事务配置-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kgdjgd1234/article/details/83734389

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >

     < bean id ="sessionFactory"
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
         < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
         < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
     </ bean >

     
     < bean id ="transactionManager"
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
     </ bean >

     
     < bean id ="userDaoTarget" class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
         < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
     </ bean >

     < bean id ="userDao"
        class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >
            
            < property name ="transactionManager" ref ="transactionManager" />
         < property name ="target" ref ="userDaoTarget" />
          < property name ="proxyInterfaces" value ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
         
         < property name ="transactionAttributes" >
             < props >
                 < prop key ="*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
             </ props >
         </ property >
     </ bean >
</ beans >

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >

     < bean id ="sessionFactory"
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
         < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
         < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
     </ bean >

     
     < bean id ="transactionManager"
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
     </ bean >

     < bean id ="transactionBase"
            class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
            lazy-init ="true" abstract ="true" >
         
         < property name ="transactionManager" ref ="transactionManager" />
         
         < property name ="transactionAttributes" >
             < props >
                 < prop key ="*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
             </ props >
         </ property >
     </ bean >

     
     < bean id ="userDaoTarget" class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
         < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
     </ bean >

     < bean id ="userDao" parent ="transactionBase" >
         < property name ="target" ref ="userDaoTarget" />
     </ bean >
</ beans >

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >

     < bean id ="sessionFactory"
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
         < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
         < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
     </ bean >

     
     < bean id ="transactionManager"
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
     </ bean >

     < bean id ="transactionInterceptor"
        class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >
         < property name ="transactionManager" ref ="transactionManager" />
         
         < property name ="transactionAttributes" >
             < props >
                 < prop key ="*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
             </ props >
         </ property >
     </ bean >

     < bean class ="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >
         < property name ="beanNames" >
             < list >
                 < value > *Dao </ value >
             </ list >
         </ property >
         < property name ="interceptorNames" >
             < list >
                 < value > transactionInterceptor </ value >
             </ list >
         </ property >
     </ bean >

     
     < bean id ="userDao" class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
         < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
     </ bean >
</ beans >

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd" >

     < context:annotation-config />
     < context:component-scan base-package ="com.bluesky" />

     < bean id ="sessionFactory"
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
         < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
         < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
     </ bean >

     
     < bean id ="transactionManager"
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory" />
     </ bean >

     < tx:advice id ="txAdvice" transaction-manager ="transactionManager" >
         < tx:attributes >
             < tx:method name ="*" propagation ="REQUIRED" />
         </ tx:attributes >
     </ tx:advice >

     < aop:config >
         < aop:pointcut id ="interceptorPointCuts"
            expression ="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
         < aop:advisor advice-ref ="txAdvice"
            pointcut-ref ="interceptorPointCuts" />
     </ aop:config >
</ beans >

第五种方式：全注解

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component( " userDao " )
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

     public List < User > listUsers() {
         return this .getSession().createQuery( " from User " ).list();
    }

}

Spring事务配置的五种方法备注（转）

2009-04-27 09:53

注意的几点:

1 @Transactional 只能被应用到public方法上, 对于其它非public的方法,如果标记了@Transactional也不会报错,但方法没有事务功能.

2 默认情况下,一个有事务方法, 遇到RuntiomeException 时会回滚 . 遇到 受检查的异常 是不会回滚 的. 要想所有异常都回滚,要加上 @Transactional( rollbackFor={Exception.class,其它异常}) .

@Transactional 的所有可选属性如下:

属性	类型	默认值	说明
propagation	Propagation枚举	REQUIRED	事务传播属性 (下有说明)
isolation	isolation枚举	DEFAULT	事务隔离级别 (另有说明)
readOnly	boolean	false	是否只读
timeout	int	-1	超时(秒)
rollbackFor	Class[]	{}	需要回滚的异常类
rollbackForClassName	String[]	{}	需要回滚的异常类名
noRollbackFor	Class[]	{}	不需要回滚的异常类
noRollbackForClassName	String[]	{}	不需要回滚的异常类名

事务的隔离级别有如下可选:

可以去看spring源码 : org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation

我的"隔离级别"相关文章有不明白的,可以去看看.

DEFAULT	采用数据库默认隔离级别
READ_UNCOMMITTED	请看"隔离级别"相关文章
READ_COMMITTED	请看"隔离级别"相关文章
REPEATABLE_READ	请看"隔离级别"相关文章
SERIALIZABLE	请看 "隔离级别"相关文章

事务的传播属性 ,有如下可选

可以去看spring源码 : org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation

REQUIRED	业务方法需要在一个事务中运行,如果方法运行时,已处在一个事务中,那么就加入该事务,否则自己创建一个新的事务.这是spring默认的传播行为.
SUPPORTS	如果业务方法在某个事务范围内被调用,则方法成为该事务的一部分,如果业务方法在事务范围外被调用,则方法在没有事务的环境下执行.
MANDATORY	只能在一个已存在事务中执行,业务方法不能发起自己的事务,如果业务方法在没有事务的环境下调用,就抛异常
REQUIRES_NEW	业务方法总是会为自己发起一个新的事务,如果方法已运行在一个事务中,则原有事务被挂起,新的事务被创建,直到方法结束,新事务才结束,原先的事务才会恢复执行.
NOT_SUPPORTED	声明方法需要事务,如果方法没有关联到一个事务,容器不会为它开启事务.如果方法在一个事务中被调用,该事务会被挂起,在方法调用结束后,原先的事务便会恢复执行.
NEVER	声明方法绝对不能在事务范围内执行,如果方法在某个事务范围内执行,容器就抛异常.只有没关联到事务,才正常执行.
NESTED	如果一个活动的事务存在,则运行在一个嵌套的事务中.如果没有活动的事务,则按REQUIRED属性执行.它使用了一个单独的事务, 这个事务拥有多个可以回滚的保证点.内部事务回滚不会对外部事务造成影响, 它只对DataSourceTransactionManager 事务管理器起效.