目录
一、do句型(以动词allow举例)。
(1)主动语态表格。
这里的should用于主语是第一人称的句子中,would用于主语是任何人称的句子中。
一般将来时: (am/is/are)+going to+动词原形(打算做,即不一定做;will是一定做)
一般过去将来时:was/were+going to+动词原形
主动语态 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
过去 | 现在(注意三单) | 将来 | 过去将来 | |
一般时 | 过去式 | 动词原形(三单-s/-es) | will/shall+动词原形 | would(should)+动词原形 |
allowed | allow(allows) | will/shall+allow | would(should)+allow | |
进行时 | was(were)+现在分词 | (am/is/are)+现在分词 | will/shall+be+现在分词 | would(should)+be+现在分词 |
was(were)+allowing | (am/is/are)+allowing | will/shall+be+allowing | would(should)+be+allowing | |
完成时 | had+过去分词 | have/has+过去分词 | will/shall+have+过去分词 | would(should)+have+过去分词 |
had+allowed | have/has+allowed | will/shall+have+allowed | would(should)+have+allowed | |
完成进行时 | had+been+现在分词 | have/has+been+现在分词 | will/shall+have+been +现在分词 | would(should)+have+been+现在分词 |
had+been+allowing | have/has+been+allowing | will/shall+have+been +allowing | would(should)+have+been +allowing |
(2)被动语态表格。
被动语态 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
过去 | 现在(注意三单) | 将来 | 过去将来 | |
一般时 | was(were)+过去分词 | (am/is/are)+过去分词 | will/shall+be +过去分词 | would(should)+be+过去分词 |
was(were)+allowed | (am/is/are)+allowed | will/shall+be +allowed | would(should)+be+allowed | |
进行时 | was(were)+being +过去分词 | (am/is/are)+being +过去分词 | will/shall+be+being +过去分词 | would(should)+be+being+过去分词 |
was(were)+being +allowed | (am/is/are)+being +allowed | will/shall+be+being +allowed | would(should)+be+being+allowed | |
完成时 | had+been+过去分词 | have/has+been +过去分词 | will/shall+have+been +过去分词 | would(should)+have+been+过去分词 |
had+been+allowed | have/has+been +allowed | will/shall+have+been +allowed | would(should)+have+been+allowed | |
完成进行时 | had+been+being +过去分词 | have/has+been+ being+过去分词 | will/shall+have+been +being+过去分词 | would(should)+have+been+being +过去分词 |
had+been+being +allowed | have/has+been +being+allowed | will/shall+have+been +being+allowed | would(should)+have+been+being +allowed |
(3)否定(not在第一个助动词后面)。
1、not 可以置于 be 动词、情态动词及助动词之后,构成否定句。除了 am 和 not , may 和 not 不能合写之外,其余的一般都可以和 not 合写。
2、助动词的优先级:情态动词 > have > be动词(或do助动词)。
3、如果是to do 就放在to前面。
4、注意:如果否定句变成一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,则需要把助动词+not一起提前。
否定 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
过去 | 现在(注意三单) | 将来 | 过去将来 | |
一般时 | didn't’t + 动词原形 | do/does+not+动词原形 | will not + 动词原形 (be not going to + do) | would not+动词原形 |
进行时 | was(were)+not+现在分词 | be(is/am/are)+not+现在分词 | will not + be + 现在分词 | would not + be + 现在分词 |
完成时 | had + not + 过去分词 | have/has+not+过去分词 | will + not + have + 过去分词 | would + not + have + 过去分词 |
完成进行时 | had + not + been + 现在分词 | have/has+not+been+现在分词 | will + not + have + been+现在分词 | would + not + have + been+现在分词 |
注意:will既是情态动词,又是助动词。will用作助动词,表示将来,用于构成将来时态。will用作情态动词,表示意愿、请求、可能性、命令、习惯或倾向性等。
(4)一般疑问句。
一般疑问句:助动词提前(情态动词>have>be),否定时,助动词+not提前。
(5)特殊疑问句。
通常,特殊疑问句的基本结构是:疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 其他部分。
例如:
What are you doing?(你在做什么?)
Where did you go yesterday?(你昨天去了哪里?)
When will the meeting start?(会议什么时候开始?)
Who is coming to the party?(有谁要来参加派对?)
在这些例子中,疑问词(what、where、when、who)和助动词(are、did、will、is)被提前放置于句子开头,以构成特殊疑问句。
(6)有从句的特殊疑问句。
Who do you think looks good ?(你觉得谁好看?)
有从句的特殊疑问句:需要将疑问词提前到整个句子(主句+从句)前面。
注意:需要使用助动词do(因为从句里面的助动词不提前)。
二、be句型(be动词无被动)
表格里的时态可以参考,查不到对应的资料。
(1) be谓语主动语态。
当谓语是be动词时,通常不使用被动语态来表达。
be 动词没有被动语态。be 动词属于系动词,行为动词中的及物动词才有被动语态。
be(主动) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
过去 | 现在(注意三单) | 将来 | 过去将来 | |
一般时 | was/were | am/is/are | will/shall be | would(should) be |
进行时 | was/were being | am/is/are being | will/shall be being | would(should) be being |
完成时 | had been | have/has been | will/shall have been | would(should) have been |
完成进行时 | had been being | have/has been being | will/shall have been being | would(should) have been being |
三、there be句型(跟do句型一模一样)。
跟do句型简直一模一样:there = 主语,be = 动词。
一般疑问句:助动词提前。
特殊疑问词:疑问词+助动词提前。
例如:
There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。)
What is there on the desk?(桌子上有什么?)
There are two cats in the garden.(花园里有两只猫。)
How many cats are there in the garden?(花园里有多少只猫?)
There was a party last night.(昨晚有一个派对。)
When was there a party?(派对是什么时候的?)
There were some cookies in the jar.(罐子里有一些饼干。)
Where were there some cookies?(有些饼干在哪里?)