搜索单链表

搜索单链表

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

void getinput(struct Book *book);
void addBook(struct Book **library); 
void printLibrary(struct Book *library);
void printBook(struct Book *book);
void releaseLibrary(struct Book **library);
struct Book *searchBook(struct Book *library,char *target);


struct Book
{
	char title[128];
	char author[40];
	struct Book *next;
};

void getinput(struct Book *book)
{
	printf("\n请输入书名:");
	scanf("%s",book->title);		//scanf中不要有换行符
	printf("\n请输入作者:");
	scanf("%s",book->author);
}
void addBook(struct Book **library) //采用头插法，往链表中插入元素，library作为头指针，两层解引用，因为它是指向结构体指针的指针
{
	struct Book *book;
	static struct Book *tail;		//定义静态结构体指针，始终指向链表尾部
	book = (struct Book *)malloc(sizeof(struct Book));		//为要插入的元素动态申请一块内存空间
	if(book == NULL)
	{
		printf("内存分配失败!\n");
		exit(1);
	}			
	getinput(book);				//获取插入元素的内容
	if(*library != NULL)		//如果插入的不是NULL链表
	{
		//插入数据
		tail->next = book;
		book->next = NULL;
	}
	else
	{
		*library = book;
		book->next = NULL;
	}
	tail = book;
}
void printLibrary(struct Book *library)
{
	struct Book *book;
	int count = 1;
	book = library;
	while(book!=NULL)
	{
		printf("\nBook%d:\n",count);
		printf("\n书名:%s\n",book->title);
		printf("\n作者:%s\n",book->author);
		book = book ->next;
		count++; 
	}
}

struct Book *searchBook(struct Book *library,char *target)
{
	struct Book *book;
	book = library;
	while(book!=NULL)
	{
		if(!strcmp(book->title,target)||!strcmp(book->author,target))		//strcmp，相等返回0，意味着匹配到了
		{
			break;
		}
		book = book->next;
	}
	return book;
}
void printBook(struct Book *book)
{
	printf("\n书名:%s\n",book->title);
	printf("\n作者:%s\n",book->author);
}
void releaseLibrary(struct Book **library)
{
	struct Book *temp;
	while(*library != NULL)
	{
		temp = *library;
		*library = (*library)->next;	//考虑运算符的优先级，->的高于解引用*，故需要加括号。
		free(temp);
	}
}
int main(void)
{
	struct Book *book;
	struct Book *library = NULL;
	char input[128];
	int ch;
	while(1)
	{
		printf("\n请问是否需要输入书籍或者作者(Y/N): ");
		do
		{
			ch = getchar();
		}while(ch!='Y'&&ch!='N');
		if(ch=='Y')
		{
			addBook(&library);
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
	printf("\n请问是否需要打印书籍信息(Y/N): ");
	do
		{
			ch = getchar();
		}while(ch!='Y'&&ch!='N');
		if(ch=='Y')
		{
			printLibrary(library);
		}
		else
		{
			releaseLibrary(&library);
		}
		printf("\n请输入书名或者作者:");
		scanf("%s",input);
		book = searchBook(library,input);
		if(book==NULL)
		{
			printf("\n很抱歉，您要找的书没有收录!\n");
		}
		else
		{
			do
			{
				printf("\n已找到符合条件的图书...\n");
				printBook(book);
			}while(searchBook(book->next,input)!=NULL);
		}

	return 0;
}

演示结果：