fimc-dev.c 是Samsung FIMC 设备的V4L2 驱动。上层应用直接操作这个设备，进行capture，图片处理，以及overlay输出
43 int fimc_dma_alloc(struct fimc_control *ctrl, struct fimc_buf_set *bs,
44 int i, int align)
45 {
46 dma_addr_t end, *curr;
47
48 mutex_lock(&ctrl->alloc_lock);
49
50 end = ctrl->mem.base + ctrl->mem.size;
51 curr = &ctrl->mem.curr;
52
53 if (!bs->length[i])
54 return -EINVAL;
55
56 if (!align) {
57 if (*curr + bs->length[i] > end) {
58 goto overflow;
59 } else {
60 bs->base[i] = *curr;
61 bs->garbage[i] = 0;
62 *curr += bs->length[i];
63 }
64 } else {
65 if (ALIGN(*curr, align) + bs->length[i] > end)
66 goto overflow;
67 else {
68 bs->base[i] = ALIGN(*curr, align);
69 bs->garbage[i] = ALIGN(*curr, align) - *curr;
70 *curr += (bs->length[i] + bs->garbage[i]);
71 }
72 }
73
74 mutex_unlock(&ctrl->alloc_lock);
75
76 return 0;
77
78 overflow:
79 bs->base[i] = 0;
80 bs->length[i] = 0;
81 bs->garbage[i] = 0;
82
83 mutex_unlock(&ctrl->alloc_lock);
84
85 return -ENOMEM;
86 }FIMC使用预分配的物理内存来申请DMA buffer，参数中的align指明申请buffer的对齐方式，对于FIMC capture来说，似乎output DMA要求4k对齐（尽管我没有在datasheet中找到），如果给定的DMA地址没有4K对齐，FIMC DMA控制器会很聪明的从4K对齐的地址开始传送数据，这会导致了帧数据偏移。
@i 参数指定了plane数，FIMC 输出支持很多种格式，有单层的比如YUYV，两层的V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12，还有三层的V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12T
单层格式输出申请一个buffer，两层格式输出申请两个buffer，三层则需申请三个buffer。
88 void fimc_dma_free(struct fimc_control *ctrl, struct fimc_buf_set *bs, int i)
89 {
90 int total = bs->length[i] + bs->garbage[i];
91 mutex_lock(&ctrl->alloc_lock);
92
93 if (bs->base[i]) {
94 if (ctrl->mem.curr - total >= ctrl->mem.base)
95 ctrl->mem.curr -= total;
96
97 bs->base[i] = 0;
98 bs->length[i] = 0;
99 bs->garbage[i] = 0;
100 }
101
102 mutex_unlock(&ctrl->alloc_lock);
103 }
这个函数有问题，93 ~ 95 成立的条件是bs->base[i]所占的地址必须在ctrl->mem.base最后面，这就要求释放顺序必须从bs的最后一个节点向前释放。
655 static inline int fimc_mmap_cap(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
656 {
657 struct fimc_prv_data *prv_data =
658 (struct fimc_prv_data *)filp->private_data;
659 struct fimc_control *ctrl = prv_data->ctrl;
660 u32 size = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
661 u32 pfn, idx = vma->vm_pgoff;
662
663 vma->vm_page_prot = pgprot_noncached(vma->vm_page_prot);
664 vma->vm_flags |= VM_RESERVED;
665
666 /*
667 * page frame number of the address for a source frame
668 * to be stored at.
669 */
670 pfn = __phys_to_pfn(ctrl->cap->bufs[idx].base[0]);
671
672 if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)) {
673 fimc_err("%s: writable mapping must be shared\n", __func__);
674 return -EINVAL;
675 }
676
677 if (remap_pfn_range(vma, vma->vm_start, pfn, size, vma->vm_page_prot)) {
678 fimc_err("%s: mmap fail\n", __func__);
679 return -EINVAL;
680 }
681
682 return 0;
683 }
661 vma->vm_pgoff 表示vm_file内以PAGE_SIZE为单位的偏移，但是在这里应用层和内核使用另外一种约定的含义，buffer ID, 应用层调用mmap接口对fimc capture设备的buffer进行映射
700 static u32 fimc_poll(struct file *filp, poll_table *wait)
701 {
702 struct fimc_prv_data *prv_data =
703 (struct fimc_prv_data *)filp->private_data;
704 struct fimc_control *ctrl = prv_data->ctrl;
705 struct fimc_capinfo *cap = ctrl->cap;
706 u32 mask = 0;
707
708 if (cap) {
709 if (cap->irq || (ctrl->status != FIMC_STREAMON)) {
710 mask = POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
711 cap->irq = 0;
712 } else {
713 poll_wait(filp, &ctrl->wq, wait);
714 }
715 }
716
717 return mask;
718 }
fimc_poll向上层应用提供了等待机制，应用程序poll fimc设备并阻塞，直到cap或者output中断处理函数唤醒
732 u32 fimc_mapping_rot_flip(u32 rot, u32 flip)
733 {
734 u32 ret = 0;
735
736 switch (rot) {
737 case 0:
738 if (flip & FIMC_XFLIP)
739 ret |= FIMC_XFLIP;
740
741 if (flip & FIMC_YFLIP)
742 ret |= FIMC_YFLIP;
743 break;
744
745 case 90:
746 ret = FIMC_ROT;
747 if (flip & FIMC_XFLIP)
748 ret |= FIMC_XFLIP;
749
750 if (flip & FIMC_YFLIP)
751 ret |= FIMC_YFLIP;
752 break;
753
754 case 180:
755 ret = (FIMC_XFLIP | FIMC_YFLIP);
756 if (flip & FIMC_XFLIP)
757 ret &= ~FIMC_XFLIP;
758
759 if (flip & FIMC_YFLIP)
760 ret &= ~FIMC_YFLIP;
761 break;
762
763 case 270:
764 ret = (FIMC_XFLIP | FIMC_YFLIP | FIMC_ROT);
765 if (flip & FIMC_XFLIP)
766 ret &= ~FIMC_XFLIP;
767
768 if (flip & FIMC_YFLIP)
769 ret &= ~FIMC_YFLIP;
770 break;
771 }
772
773 return ret;
774 }
rot会影响flip的结果，该函数映射（合并）rot和 flip操作
776 int fimc_get_scaler_factor(u32 src, u32 tar, u32 *ratio, u32 *shift)
777 {
778 if (src >= tar * 64) {
779 return -EINVAL;
780 } else if (src >= tar * 32) {
781 *ratio = 32;
782 *shift = 5;
783 } else if (src >= tar * 16) {
784 *ratio = 16;
785 *shift = 4;
786 } else if (src >= tar * 8) {
787 *ratio = 8;
788 *shift = 3;
789 } else if (src >= tar * 4) {
790 *ratio = 4;
791 *shift = 2;
792 } else if (src >= tar * 2) {
793 *ratio = 2;
794 *shift = 1;
795 } else {
796 *ratio = 1;
797 *shift = 0;
798 }
799
800 return 0;
801 }
就算scaler 因子，src是原始分辨率，tar是目标分辨率，
@ratio返回缩放的比例，最大scaler不能超过64
803 void fimc_get_nv12t_size(int img_hres, int img_vres,
804 int *y_size, int *cb_size, int rotate)
...
893 static int fimc_open(struct file *filp) 894 { ......932 if (in_use == 1) { 933 fimc_clk_en(ctrl, true); 934 935 if (pdata->hw_ver == 0x40) 936 fimc_hw_reset_camera(ctrl); 937 938 /* Apply things to interface register */ 939 fimc_hwset_reset(ctrl); 940 941 if (num_registered_fb > 0) { 942 struct fb_info *fbinfo = registered_fb[0]; 943 ctrl->fb.lcd_hres = (int)fbinfo->var.xres; 944 ctrl->fb.lcd_vres = (int)fbinfo->var.yres; 945 fimc_info1("%s: fd.lcd_hres=%d fd.lcd_vres=%d\n", 946 __func__, ctrl->fb.lcd_hres, 947 ctrl->fb.lcd_vres); 948 } 949 950 ctrl->mem.curr = ctrl->mem.base; 951 ctrl->status = FIMC_STREAMOFF; 952 953 if (0 != ctrl->id) 954 fimc_clk_en(ctrl, false); 955 }
932 如果是第一次打开，那么需要使能mclk939 调用fimc_hwset_reset 进行fimc控制器的reset过程
951 FIMC会为每一个控制器预分配一段物理内存， mem.base 指向物理内存的起始地址，FIMC在执行DMA之前，需要为DMA分配物理内存，FIMC直接从这个预保留的空间进行分配
mem.curr记录着当前可用空间的起始位置。
在arch/arm/mach-s5pv210/mach-smdkc110.c中：
#define S5PV210_VIDEO_SAMSUNG_MEMSIZE_FIMC0 (24576 * SZ_1K) #define S5PV210_VIDEO_SAMSUNG_MEMSIZE_FIMC1 (9900 * SZ_1K) #define S5PV210_VIDEO_SAMSUNG_MEMSIZE_FIMC2 (24576 * SZ_1K) #define S5PV210_VIDEO_SAMSUNG_MEMSIZE_MFC0 (36864 * SZ_1K) #define S5PV210_VIDEO_SAMSUNG_MEMSIZE_MFC1 (36864 * SZ_1K) #define S5PV210_VIDEO_SAMSUNG_MEMSIZE_FIMD (S5PV210_LCD_WIDTH * \ S5PV210_LCD_HEIGHT * 4 * \ CONFIG_FB_S3C_NR_BUFFERS) #define S5PV210_VIDEO_SAMSUNG_MEMSIZE_JPEG (8192 * SZ_1K)
定义了media device需要的reserved 物理内存大小，物理内存的实际使用可能达不到定义的大小，物理内存的使用大小 和图片大小以及queue buffer数量成正比的，也就是说图片分辨率Width x Height越高，queue buffer数量越多，实际使用的物理内存越大
所以这个物理内存大小要根据项目情况具体调整，当然你也可以不调，就是浪费点内存。
FIMC_DEVICES 一共有三个fimc0, fimc1, fimc2设备，1133 struct video_device fimc_video_device[FIMC_DEVICES] = { 1134 [0] = { 1135 .fops = &fimc_fops, 1136 .ioctl_ops = &fimc_v4l2_ops, 1137 .release = fimc_vdev_release, 1138 }, 1139 [1] = { 1140 .fops = &fimc_fops, 1141 .ioctl_ops = &fimc_v4l2_ops, 1142 .release = fimc_vdev_release, 1143 }, 1144 [2] = { 1145 .fops = &fimc_fops, 1146 .ioctl_ops = &fimc_v4l2_ops, 1147 .release = fimc_vdev_release, 1148 }, 1149 };fops定义了设备节点的文件操作函数； ioctl_ops定义了fimc向V4L2提供的所有ioctl操作集合
1310 static int __devinit fimc_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) 1311 { 1312 struct s3c_platform_fimc *pdata; 1313 struct fimc_control *ctrl; 1314 struct clk *srclk; 1315 int ret; 1316 1317 if (!fimc_dev) { 1318 fimc_dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*fimc_dev), GFP_KERNEL); 1319 if (!fimc_dev) { 1320 dev_err(&pdev->dev, "%s: not enough memory\n", 1321 __func__); 1322 return -ENOMEM; 1323 } 1324 } 1325 1326 ctrl = fimc_register_controller(pdev); 1327 if (!ctrl) { 1328 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: cannot register fimc\n", __func__); 1329 goto err_alloc; 1330 } 1331 1332 pdata = to_fimc_plat(&pdev->dev); 1333 if (pdata->cfg_gpio) 1334 pdata->cfg_gpio(pdev); 1335 1336 /* Get fimc power domain regulator */ 1337 ctrl->regulator = regulator_get(&pdev->dev, "pd"); 1338 if (IS_ERR(ctrl->regulator)) { 1339 fimc_err("%s: failed to get resource %s\n", 1340 __func__, "s3c-fimc"); 1341 return PTR_ERR(ctrl->regulator); 1342 } 1343 1344 /* fimc source clock */ 1345 srclk = clk_get(&pdev->dev, pdata->srclk_name); 1346 if (IS_ERR(srclk)) { 1347 fimc_err("%s: failed to get source clock of fimc\n", 1348 __func__); 1349 goto err_v4l2; 1350 } 1351 1352 /* fimc clock */ 1353 ctrl->clk = clk_get(&pdev->dev, pdata->clk_name); 1354 if (IS_ERR(ctrl->clk)) { 1355 fimc_err("%s: failed to get fimc clock source\n", 1356 __func__); 1357 goto err_v4l2; 1358 } 1359 1360 /* set parent for mclk */ 1361 clk_set_parent(ctrl->clk, srclk); 1362 1363 /* set rate for mclk */ 1364 clk_set_rate(ctrl->clk, pdata->clk_rate); 1365 1366 /* V4L2 device-subdev registration */ 1367 ret = v4l2_device_register(&pdev->dev, &ctrl->v4l2_dev); 1368 if (ret) { 1369 fimc_err("%s: v4l2 device register failed\n", __func__); 1370 goto err_fimc; 1371 } 1372 1373 /* things to initialize once */ 1374 if (!fimc_dev->initialized) { 1375 ret = fimc_init_global(pdev); 1376 if (ret) 1377 goto err_v4l2; 1378 } 1379 1380 /* video device register */ 1381 ret = video_register_device(ctrl->vd, VFL_TYPE_GRABBER, ctrl->id); 1382 if (ret) { 1383 fimc_err("%s: cannot register video driver\n", __func__); 1384 goto err_v4l2; 1385 } 1386 1387 video_set_drvdata(ctrl->vd, ctrl); 1388 1389 ret = device_create_file(&(pdev->dev), &dev_attr_log_level); 1390 if (ret < 0) { 1391 fimc_err("failed to add sysfs entries\n"); 1392 goto err_global; 1393 } 1394 printk(KERN_INFO "FIMC%d registered successfully\n", ctrl->id); 1395 1396 return 0; 1397 1398 err_global: 1399 video_unregister_device(ctrl->vd); 1400 1401 err_v4l2: 1402 v4l2_device_unregister(&ctrl->v4l2_dev); 1403 1404 err_fimc: 1405 fimc_unregister_controller(pdev); 1406 1407 err_alloc: 1408 kfree(fimc_dev); 1409 return -EINVAL; 1410 1411 }
1333 ～ 1334 调用平台的gpio设置函数，一般来说，这个用来设置external CameraA/CameraB的输入输出
1344 ~ 1364 设置mclk，mclk的频率由sensor的输出图像尺寸， 如果外围sensor自身有晶振，那么CPU不需要对外提供mclk。
1381 ～ 1385 注册一个video device，会生成设备节点/dev/videoX
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