servlet实现文件的上载，下载

一、如何使用

如果此Servlet命名为download，请求的URL为：/download?path=xxx，请求后出现下载窗口：

 

二、源码

import  java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import  java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import  java.io.File;
import  java.io.FileInputStream;
import  java.io.IOException;

import  javax.servlet.ServletException;
import  javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public   class  FileDownload  extends  HttpServlet {

   protected   void  service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
       throws  ServletException, IOException {

     //  服务器相对路径
    String path  =  req.getParameter( " path " );
     //  服务器绝对路径
    path  =  getServletContext().getRealPath( " / " )  +  path;

     //  检查文件是否存在
    File obj  =   new  File(path);
     if  ( ! obj.exists()) {
      res.setContentType( " text/html;charset=GBK " );
      res.getWriter().print( " 指定文件不存在！ " );
       return ;
    }

     //  读取文件名：用于设置客户端保存时指定默认文件名
     int  index  =  path.lastIndexOf( " // " );  //  前提：传入的path字符串以“/”表示目录分隔符
    String fileName  =  path.substring(index  +   1 );

     //  写流文件到前端浏览器
    ServletOutputStream out  =  res.getOutputStream();
    res.setHeader( " Content-disposition " ,  " attachment;filename= "   +  fileName);
    BufferedInputStream bis  =   null ;
    BufferedOutputStream bos  =   null ;
     try  {
      bis  =   new  BufferedInputStream( new  FileInputStream(path));
      bos  =   new  BufferedOutputStream(out);
       byte [] buff  =   new   byte [ 2048 ];
       int  bytesRead;
       while  ( - 1   !=  (bytesRead  =  bis.read(buff,  0 , buff.length))) {
        bos.write(buff,  0 , bytesRead);
      }
    }  catch  (IOException e) {
       throw  e;
    }  finally  {
       if  (bis  !=   null )
        bis.close();
       if  (bos  !=   null )
        bos.close();
    }
  }

}

三、web.xml配置

< servlet >
     < servlet-name > FileDownload </ servlet-name >
     < servlet-class > com.fastunit.test.FileDownload </ servlet-class >
</ servlet >
< servlet-mapping >
     < servlet-name > FileDownload </ servlet-name >
     < url-pattern > /download </ url-pattern >
</ servlet-mapping >

四、补充说明

本例只是一个简单实现，应用时需要在实际环境中处理以下问题：
1. 权限问题：结合实际系统增加用户权限控制
2. 中文文件名：中文问题与运行环境有关，不同环境下解决方式也有差异，一般可通过转码来解决。
3. 文件类型：文件类型统一时可直接指定，如res.setContentType("application/zip")；文件类型不确定时可不设、设一个不存在的、或通过解析文件名后缀来设置，以实际测试通过为准。

4. 以上代码应该有个doget dopost的方法。附带一个上传文件代码，令下载文件正确代码

 

 

 

上传：
需要导入两个包：commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar,commons-io-1.4.jar
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

/**
 * 上传附件
 * @author new
 *
 */
public class UploadAnnexServlet extends HttpServlet {

 private static String path = "";

 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {

  doPost(request, response);
 }

 /*
  * post处理
  * (non-Javadoc)
  * @see javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet#doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
  */
 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {

  path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");

  try {
   DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
   ServletFileUpload up = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
   List<FileItem> ls = up.parseRequest(request);

   for (FileItem fileItem : ls) {
    if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
     String FieldName = fileItem.getFieldName();
     //getName()返回的是文件名字 普通域没有文件 返回NULL
     //                    String Name = fileItem.getName();
     String Content = fileItem.getString("gbk");
     request.setAttribute(FieldName, Content);
    } else {
    
     String nm = fileItem.getName().substring(
       fileItem.getName().lastIndexOf("//") + 1);
     File mkr = new File(path, nm);
     if (mkr.createNewFile()) {
      fileItem.write(mkr);//非常方便的方法
     }
     request.setAttribute("result", "上传文件成功！");
    }
   }
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
   request.setAttribute("result", "上传失败，请查找原因，重新再试！");
  }
  request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/admin/annex-manager.jsp").forward(
    request, response);
 }

} 


下载（i/o流）无需导包：
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 下载文件
 * @author
 *
 */
public class DownloadFilesServlet extends HttpServlet {

 /**
  * 
  */
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 8594448765428224944L;

 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {

  doPost(request, response);
 }

 /*
  * 处理请求
  * (non-Javadoc)
  * @see javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet#doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
  */
 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException {

  String name = request.getParameter("fileName");

  System.out.print("dddddddddd:" + name);
  // web绝对路径
  String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
  String savePath = path + "upload";

  // 设置为下载application/x-download
  response.setContentType("application/x-download");
  // 即将下载的文件在服务器上的绝对路径
  String filenamedownload = savePath + "/" + name;
  // 下载文件时显示的文件保存名称
  String filenamedisplay = name;
  // 中文编码转换
  filenamedisplay = URLEncoder.encode(filenamedisplay, "UTF-8");
  response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="
    + filenamedisplay);
  try {
   java.io.OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
   java.io.FileInputStream fis = new java.io.FileInputStream(
     filenamedownload);
   byte[] b = new byte[1024];
   int i = 0;
   while ((i = fis.read(b)) > 0) {
    os.write(b, 0, i);
   }
   fis.close();
   os.flush();
   os.close();
  } catch (Exception e) {

  }

 }

}