【多线程_生产者消费者队列】

就以alibaba的笔试题举例吧。

题目大概的意思如下：

有一个篮子，最多容纳5个苹果。有人一直往里放苹果。有人一直去苹果。写出实现。

ali要求不能用concurrent包里面的东西，所以只能用最简单的notify和wait。

如果可以用concurrent包里面的东西，还可以用blockingqueue和signal、await。

下面实现三种方式：

Method1.  notigyAll()/notify()/wait

public class Basket {
	
	private int size = 0;
	
	public synchronized void putApple(){
		//疑问为什么要用while循环
		if(size >=5){
			try {
				System.out.println("  篮子中已经有5个了，到达了上限");
				wait();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO: handle exception
			}
		}
		this.size++;
		System.out.println(">>  当前篮子内苹果数"+size);
		notifyAll();
	}
	
	public synchronized void getApple(){
		if(size<=0){
			try {
				System.out.println("篮子里面已经没有苹果了。到达了下限。");
				wait();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO: handle exception
			}
		}
		this.size--;
		System.out.println("<<  当前篮子内苹果数"+size);
		notifyAll();
	}
	
	
	
	public synchronized int getSize(){
		return this.size;
	}
}

public class Get implements Runnable{
	
	private Basket basket = null;
	
	public Get(Basket basket){
		this.basket=basket;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		while(!Thread.interrupted()){
			basket.getApple();
		}
	}
	
}

public class Put implements Runnable {
	
	private Basket basket = null;
	
	public Put(Basket basket){
		this.basket=basket;
	}
	
	public void run(
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		while(!Thread.interrupted()){
			basket.putApple();
		}
	}

}

public class test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Executor exe = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
		Basket basket = new Basket();
		exe.execute(new Put(basket));
		exe.execute(new Get(basket));
	}

}

注意，我在测试类里面用了concurrent的executor，测试类无所谓了。

Mtthod2>BlockingQueue

public class Basket {
	
	//篮子的载体，一个blockingQueue
	private LinkedBlockingQueue list
			= new LinkedBlockingQueue(5);
	
	//放入篮子里面
	public void putApple(){
		System.out.println(">> 当前篮子数量 "+list.size());
		if(list.size()>=5){
			System.out.println(" 篮子已满。");
		}
		try {
			list.put(new Integer(1));
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	//从篮子取出
	public void getApple(){
		
			System.out.println("<< 当前篮子数量 "+list.size());
			
			if(list.size()<=0){
				System.out.println(" 篮子已空。 ");
			}
			try {
				list.take();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
	}

}

public class Get implements Runnable {
	
	private Basket bakset;
	
	public Get(Basket basket){
		this.bakset=basket;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		while(!Thread.interrupted()){
			bakset.getApple();
		}
	}

}

public class Put implements Runnable {
	
	private Basket basket;
	
	public Put(Basket basket){
		this.basket=basket;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		while(!Thread.interrupted()){
			basket.putApple();
		}
	}

}

public class test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Executor exe = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
		Basket basket = new Basket();
		exe.execute(new Get(basket));
		exe.execute(new Put(basket));
	}

}

使用BlockingQueue的时候，注意一下API就好了。注意 是 put 和 take 函数。

Method3.Signal、Await

public class Basket {
	
	private int size = 0;
	
	Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	
	Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
	
	
	public void putApple(){
		lock.lock();
		
		System.out.println("<<  "+size+"  apple left"  );
		try {
			if(this.size>=5){
				condition.await();
			}
			this.size++;
			condition.signalAll();
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
		}finally{
			lock.unlock();
		}
		
	}
	
	public void getApple(){
		lock.lock();
		System.out.println(">>  "+size+"  apple left"  );
		try {
			if(this.size<=0){
				condition.await();
			}
			this.size--;
			condition.signalAll();
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
		}finally{
			lock.unlock();
		}
		
		
	}
	
	
	
	public synchronized int getSize(){
		return this.size;
	}
}

public class Get implements Runnable{
	
	private Basket basket = null;
	
	public Get(Basket basket){
		this.basket=basket;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		while(!Thread.interrupted()){
			basket.getApple();
		}
	}
	
}

public class Put implements Runnable {
	
	private Basket basket = null;
	
	public Put(Basket basket){
		this.basket=basket;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		while(!Thread.interrupted()){
			basket.putApple();
		}
	}

}

public class test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Executor exe = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
		Basket basket = new Basket();
		exe.execute(new Put(basket));
		exe.execute(new Get(basket));
	}

}

根据demo可以明显看出：signal、await是与lock配合用的。而wait、notify是与synchonized配合用的。因此前者拥有更好的灵活性。