手势控制电脑音量

在tiktok看到的计算机视觉大佬恩培，然后跟着一起完成了这个简单的计算机视觉的小项目。

"""
Date: 2021-11-16

功能：手势操作电脑音量
1、使用OpenCV读取摄像头视频流；
2、识别手掌关键点像素坐标；
3、根据拇指和食指指尖的坐标，利用勾股定理计算距离；
4、将距离等比例转为音量大小，控制电脑音量
"""

# 导入OpenCV
import cv2
# 导入mediapipe
import mediapipe as mp
# 导入电脑音量控制模块
from ctypes import cast, POINTER
from comtypes import CLSCTX_ALL
from pycaw.pycaw import AudioUtilities, IAudioEndpointVolume

# 导入其他依赖包
import time
import math
import numpy as np


class HandControlVolume:
    def __init__(self):
        # 初始化medialpipe
        self.mp_drawing = mp.solutions.drawing_utils
        self.mp_drawing_styles = mp.solutions.drawing_styles
        self.mp_hands = mp.solutions.hands

        # 获取电脑音量范围
        devices = AudioUtilities.GetSpeakers()
        interface = devices.Activate(
            IAudioEndpointVolume._iid_, CLSCTX_ALL, None)
        self.volume = cast(interface, POINTER(IAudioEndpointVolume))
        self.volume.SetMute(0, None)
        self.volume_range = self.volume.GetVolumeRange()

    # 主函数
    def recognize(self):
        # 计算刷新率
        fpsTime = time.time()

        # OpenCV读取视频流
        cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
        # 视频分辨率
        resize_w = 640
        resize_h = 480

        # 画面显示初始化参数
        rect_height = 0
        rect_percent_text = 0

        with self.mp_hands.Hands(min_detection_confidence=0.7,
                                 min_tracking_confidence=0.5,
                                 max_num_hands=2) as hands:
            while cap.isOpened():
                success, image = cap.read()
                image = cv2.resize(image, (resize_w, resize_h))

                if not success:
                    print("空帧.")
                    continue

                # 提高性能
                image.flags.writeable = False
                # 转为RGB
                image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
                # 镜像
                image = cv2.flip(image, 1)
                # mediapipe模型处理
                results = hands.process(image)

                image.flags.writeable = True
                image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
                # 判断是否有手掌
                if results.multi_hand_landmarks:
                    # 遍历每个手掌
                    for hand_landmarks in results.multi_hand_landmarks:
                        # 在画面标注手指
                        self.mp_drawing.draw_landmarks(
                            image,
                            hand_landmarks,
                            self.mp_hands.HAND_CONNECTIONS,
                            self.mp_drawing_styles.get_default_hand_landmarks_style(),
                            self.mp_drawing_styles.get_default_hand_connections_style())

                        # 解析手指，存入各个手指坐标
                        landmark_list = []
                        for landmark_id, finger_axis in enumerate(
                                hand_landmarks.landmark):
                            landmark_list.append([
                                landmark_id, finger_axis.x, finger_axis.y,
                                finger_axis.z
                            ])
                        if landmark_list:
                            # 获取大拇指指尖坐标
                            thumb_finger_tip = landmark_list[4]
                            thumb_finger_tip_x = math.ceil(thumb_finger_tip[1] * resize_w)
                            thumb_finger_tip_y = math.ceil(thumb_finger_tip[2] * resize_h)
                            # 获取食指指尖坐标
                            index_finger_tip = landmark_list[8]
                            index_finger_tip_x = math.ceil(index_finger_tip[1] * resize_w)
                            index_finger_tip_y = math.ceil(index_finger_tip[2] * resize_h)
                            # 中间点
                            finger_middle_point = (thumb_finger_tip_x + index_finger_tip_x) // 2, (
                                    thumb_finger_tip_y + index_finger_tip_y) // 2
                            # print(thumb_finger_tip_x)
                            thumb_finger_point = (thumb_finger_tip_x, thumb_finger_tip_y)
                            index_finger_point = (index_finger_tip_x, index_finger_tip_y)
                            # 画指尖2点
                            image = cv2.circle(image, thumb_finger_point, 10, (255, 0, 255), -1)
                            image = cv2.circle(image, index_finger_point, 10, (255, 0, 255), -1)
                            image = cv2.circle(image, finger_middle_point, 10, (255, 0, 255), -1)
                            # 画2点连线
                            image = cv2.line(image, thumb_finger_point, index_finger_point, (255, 0, 255), 5)
                            # 勾股定理计算长度
                            line_len = math.hypot((index_finger_tip_x - thumb_finger_tip_x),
                                                  (index_finger_tip_y - thumb_finger_tip_y))

                            # 获取电脑最大最小音量
                            min_volume = self.volume_range[0]
                            max_volume = self.volume_range[1]
                            # 将指尖长度映射到音量上
                            vol = np.interp(line_len, [50, 300], [min_volume, max_volume])
                            # 将指尖长度映射到矩形显示上
                            rect_height = np.interp(line_len, [50, 300], [0, 200])
                            rect_percent_text = np.interp(line_len, [50, 300], [0, 100])

                            # 设置电脑音量
                            self.volume.SetMasterVolumeLevel(vol, None)

                # 显示矩形
                cv2.putText(image, str(math.ceil(rect_percent_text)) + "%", (10, 350),
                            cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, (255, 0, 0), 3)
                image = cv2.rectangle(image, (30, 100), (70, 300), (255, 0, 0), 3)
                image = cv2.rectangle(image, (30, math.ceil(300 - rect_height)), (70, 300), (255, 0, 0), -1)

                # 显示刷新率FPS
                cTime = time.time()
                fpsTime = cTime
                cv2.putText(image, "FPS: " + str(int(fps_text)), (10, 70),
                            cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, (255, 0, 0), 3)
                # 显示画面
                cv2.imshow('MediaPipe Hands', image)
                    break
            cap.release()


# 开始程序
control = HandControlVolume()
control.recognize()