php AES 加解密方法使用函数了解

1、php中关于mcrypt加密的一些函数
1)mcrypt_get_iv_size — 返回指定算法/模式组合的初始向量大小

int mcrypt_get_iv_size ( string $cipher , string $mode )

2）mcrypt_list_algorithms – mcrypt支持的加密算法列表
3）mcrypt_list_modes() – mcrypt支持的加密模式列表
php中默认没有mcrypt扩展，检测是否支持mcrypt

$cipher_list = mcrypt_list_algorithms();//mcrypt支持的加密算法列表  
$mode_list = mcrypt_list_modes();   //mcrypt支持的加密模式列表  

echo '<xmp>';  
print_r($cipher_list);  
print_r($mode_list);

若支持，输出结果为：

Array
(
    [0] => cast-128
    [1] => gost
    [2] => rijndael-128
    [3] => twofish
    [4] => cast-256
    [5] => loki97
    [6] => rijndael-192
    [7] => saferplus
    [8] => wake
    [9] => blowfish-compat
    [10] => des
    [11] => rijndael-256
    [12] => serpent
    [13] => xtea
    [14] => blowfish
    [15] => enigma
    [16] => rc2
    [17] => tripledes
    [18] => arcfour
)
Array
(
    [0] => cbc
    [1] => cfb
    [2] => ctr
    [3] => ecb
    [4] => ncfb
    [5] => nofb
    [6] => ofb
    [7] => stream
)

其中rijndael-128，rijndael-192，rijndael-256就是AES加密，3种分别是使用不同的数据块和密钥长度进行加密
4）hash_hmac — 使用 HMAC 方法生成带有密钥的哈希值
5）hash_algos — 返回已注册的哈希算法列表

<?php
print_r(hash_algos());
?>

输出结果为：

Array
(
    [0] => md2
    [1] => md4
    [2] => md5
    [3] => sha1
    [4] => sha224
    [5] => sha256
    [6] => sha384
    [7] => sha512
    [8] => ripemd128
    [9] => ripemd160
    [10] => ripemd256
    [11] => ripemd320
    [12] => whirlpool
    [13] => tiger128,3
    [14] => tiger160,3
    [15] => tiger192,3
    [16] => tiger128,4
    [17] => tiger160,4
    [18] => tiger192,4
    [19] => snefru
    [20] => snefru256
    [21] => gost
    [22] => adler32
    [23] => crc32
    [24] => crc32b
    [25] => salsa10
    [26] => salsa20
    [27] => haval128,3
    [28] => haval160,3
    [29] => haval192,3
    [30] => haval224,3
    [31] => haval256,3
    [32] => haval128,4
    [33] => haval160,4
    [34] => haval192,4
    [35] => haval224,4
    [36] => haval256,4
    [37] => haval128,5
    [38] => haval160,5
    [39] => haval192,5
    [40] => haval224,5
    [41] => haval256,5
)

2、laravel通过mcrypt PHP 的扩展提供的AES-256加密组件

Crypt::encrypt($str);//加密
Crypt::decrypt($encryptedValue);//解密

注意: 确认在 app/config/app.php 文件设置了一个32随机字符给 key 项。否则，加密的值是不安全的。
laravel中 Encrypter类中定义的一些初始变量

    protected $key;
    protected $cipher = 'rijndael-256';
    protected $mode = 'cbc';
    protected $block = 32;
    public function __construct($key)
    {
        $this->key = $key;
    }

可设置在encrypter中使用的cipher 和 mode:

Crypt::setMode('crt');//加密模式
Crypt::setCipher($cipher);//加密算法

laravel中使用AES加密示例：

$str = 'xiaoming';
Crypt::setMode('ecb');
Crypt::setCipher('rijndael-128');
$s = Crypt::encrypt($str);
echo $s;die;

结果为：

eyJpdiI6IkpjUEJKcHUyNGpmaWxRTURXXC9DN1R3PT0iLCJ2YWx1ZSI6IkZDRDNZKzQ3WGV2QVhaVkJEcXMyRzA0c3luTlE4ZGIxaTFzTzZpanhUU289IiwibWFjIjoiOTI2MDY4OGIwNGRkM2MwZWI4YzdkMTI4MDBhNmJlZDBmM2YwYmQzN2Y5ZWRhMDhiZmRjN2ZiYjYwNmEzZmI0YSJ9