标题FTP云盘——Linux网络编程联系
# FTP相关介绍
FTP服务器（File Transfer Protocol Server）是在互联网上提供文件存储和访问服务的计算机，它们依照FTP协议提供服务，FTP是File Transfer Protocol(文件传输协议)，FTP的目标是提高文件的共享性和可靠高效地传送数据。过程大概是服务端不断接收客户端指令，服务端可同时处理多个客户端接入并对指令做出解析，并把结果返回给客户端，客户端根据服务端对指令的解析并把服务端传递过来的处理信息通过客户端呈现给使用客户。实现文件的各种操作。
另外，FTP 协议与操作系统无关，任何操作系统上的程序只要符合 FTP 协议，就可以相互传输数据。本文主要基于 LINUX 平台，对 FTP 客户端的实现原理进行详尽的解释并阐述如何使用 C 语言编写一个简单的 FTP 客户端。
# 基本功能介绍
利用socket实现linux常用指令ls，cd实现client和server之间的指令发送，还有文件的上传put和获取get等功能,最后可以输入quit可退出连接
# 设计思路
大致思路是先配置socket的TCP连接，客户端输入指令，双方通过strcmp和strstr来得到输入的具体命令，再用swtichcase来对应不同的功能，对于客户端本地指令可以直接system，发送服务端的指令则要用popen写入内容或直接写buf传送到客户端的文件描述符去，这样就能做到文件互传
# 代码
//客户端代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "config.h"
#include <unistd.h>
#define LS 0
#define PWD 1
#define GET 2
#define CD 4
#define PUT 5
#define LLS 6
#define LCD 7
#define LPWD 8
#define QUIT 9
int get_cmd_case(char *cmd)
{
if(strstr(cmd,"lcd")) return LCD;
if(!strcmp("ls",cmd)) return LS;
if(!strcmp("lls",cmd)) return LLS;
if(!strcmp("pwd",cmd)) return PWD;
if(!strcmp("quit",cmd)) return QUIT;
if(strstr(cmd,"cd")) return CD;
if(strstr(cmd,"get")) return GET;
if(strstr(cmd,"put")) return PUT;
return -1;
}
char *getpath(char *cmd) //内含切割函数
{
char *p;
p=(char *)malloc(128);
p = strtok(cmd," "); //字符串切割函数，识别文件路径
p = strtok(NULL," ");
return p;
}
void getfile(char cmd[128],int c_fd)//得到文件信息
{
char readbuf[8000];
char *p=getpath(cmd);
read(c_fd,readbuf,8000);
int fd=open(p,O_RDWR|O_CREAT,0666);
write(fd,readbuf,strlen(readbuf));
printf("receive successful\n");
close(fd);
memset(p,0,8000);
}
void putfile(char cmd[128],int c_fd)
{
int sfd;
char readbuf=(char *)malloc(8000);
char *p =(char *)malloc(8000);
readbuf = getpath(cmd);
if(access(readbuf,F_OK) == -1){ //判断文件是否存在
write(c_fd,"Have no file!!\n",sizeof("Have no file!!\n"));
}else{
sfd = open(file,O_RDWR,0666);
read(sfd,p,8000); //读文件内容
write(c_fd,p,strlen(p));
close(sfd);
memset(p,0,8000);
}
break;
}
int cmd_handler(char cmd[128],int fd)
{
char *p=(char *)malloc(8000);
char *dir = NULL;
char buf[32];
int ret;
int filefd;
ret = get_cmd_case(cmd); //cmd转为int类型
switch(ret){
case LS:
case CD:
case PWD:
read(c_fd,p,1024);
printf("%s\n",p);
memset(p,0,1024);
break;
case GET:
getfile(cmd,c_fd);
case PUT:
putfile(cmd,c_fd);
}
break;
case LPWD:
printf("-------------------------------------\n\n");
system("pwd");
printf("\n-------------------------------------\n");
break;
case LLS:
printf("-------------------------------------\n\n");
system("ls");
printf("\n-------------------------------------\n");
break;
case LCD:
dir = getpath(cmd); //获取第二个参数
int t = chdir(p); //相当于cd
memset(p,0,800);
break;
case QUIT:
printf("unconnecting\n");
write(c_fd,"away host",128);
close(c_fd);
exit(-1);
break;
}
return ret;
}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
char writebuf[128];
char readbuf[128];
int c_fd;
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
if(argc != 3){
perror("argc");
// printf("parameter error!\n");
exit(-1);
}
memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
//1.socket
c_fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(c_fd == -1){
perror("socket");
exit(-1);
}
c_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
c_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
inet_aton(argv[1],&c_addr.sin_addr);
//2.connect
if(connect(c_fd,(struct sockaddr_in *)&c_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1){
perror("connect");
exit(-1);
}
printf("connect ...\n");
while(1){
gets(writebuf);
printf("cmd:%s\n",writebuf);
write(c_fd,writebuf,strlen(writebuf));
cmd_handler(writebuf,c_fd);
printf("------------cmd---------------\n", );
memset(writebuf,0,sizeof(writebuf));
}
return 0;
}
//服务端代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "config.h"
#include <unistd.h>
#define LS 0
#define PWD 1
#define GET 2
#define CD 4
#define PUT 5
#define LLS 6
#define LCD 7
#define LPWD 8
#define QUIT 9
int get_cmd_case(char *cmd) //检测命令并转为相应int
{
if(!strcmp("ls",cmd)) return LS;//strcmp,比较的字符串相等时返回0
if(!strcmp("pwd",cmd)) return PWD;
if(!strcmp("quit",cmd)) return QUIT;
if(strstr(cmd,"cd")) return CD;//strstr(str1,str2) 函数用于判断字符串str2是否是str1的子串
if(strstr(cmd,"get")) return GET;
if(strstr(cmd,"put")) return PUT;
return 10;
}
void putfile(char cmd[128],int c_fd)//得到文件信息
{
char readbuf[8000];
char *p=getpath(cmd);
read(c_fd,readbuf,8000);
int fd=open(p,O_RDWR|O_CREAT,0666);
write(fd,readbuf,strlen(readbuf));
printf("receive from client successful\n");
close(fd);
memset(readbuf,0,8000);
}
char *getpath(char *cmd) //取空格分开的的第二个字符串
{
char *p;
p = strtok(cmd," ");//char *strtok(char s[], const char *delim);分解字符串为一组字符串。s为要分解的字符串，delim为分隔符字符串。
p = strtok(NULL," ");
return p;
}
void cmd_handler(char cmd[128],int c_fd)
{
int sfd
int ret;
int *fdb;
char *readbuf=(char *)malloc(128);
char *p=(char *)malloc(128);
char freadbuf[128];
switch(ret){
case LS:
fdb=popen("ls","r");
fread(freadbuf,sizeof(freadbuf),1,fdb);
write(c_fd,freadbuf,sizeof(freadbuf));
memset(freadbuf,0,sizeof(freadbuf));
printf("ls commend finish \n");
break;
case PWD:
fdb=popen("pwd","r");
fread(freadbuf,sizeof(freadbuf),1,fdb);
write(c_fd,freadbuf,sizeof(freadbuf));
memset(freadbuf,0,sizeof(freadbuf));
printf("pwd commend finish \n");
break;
case CD:
p=getpath(cmd);
chdir(p); //系统调用函数，同cd
memset(p,0,sizeof(p));
break;
case GET:
readbuf = getpath(cmd);
if(access(readbuf,F_OK) == -1){ //判断文件是否存在
write(c_fd,"Have no file!!\n",sizeof("Have no file!!\n"));
}else{
sfd = open(file,O_RDWR);
read(sfd,p,8000); //读文件内容
write(c_fd,p,strlen(p));
close(sfd);
memset(p,0,8000);
}
break;
case PUT:
putfile(cmd,c_fd);
case QUIT:
read(c_fd,freadbuf,128);
printf("%s\n",freadbuf );
exit(-1);
break;
/* printf("client quit!\n");
exit(-1);
*/
}
}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
int c_fd;
int s_fd;
int n_read;
char readBuf[128];
char writeBuf[128];
// struct Msg msg;
char msg
struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
if(argc != 3){
printf("parameter error!\n");
exit(-1);
}
memset(&s_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
//1.socket
s_fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(s_fd == -1){
perror("socket");
exit(-1);
}
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
inet_aton(argv[1],&s_addr.sin_addr);
//2.bind
bind(s_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&s_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
//3.listen
listen(s_fd,10);
//4.accept
int cli_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
while(1){
c_fd = accept(s_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&c_addr,&cli_len);
if(c_fd != -1){
perror("accept");
exit(-1;)
}
printf("success get connect: %s\n",inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr));
if(fork() == 0){
while(1){
//memset(msg.cmd,0,sizeof(msg.cmd));
n_read = read(c_fd,readBuf,128);
cmd_handler(readBuf,c_fd);
memset(readBuf,0,sizeof(readBuf));
}
}
}
close(c_fd);
close(s_fd);
return 0;
}
最后项目完成之后其实可以进一步优化，通过结构体里传递指令和标志位可以减少不同指令下代码重复，使得代码更加简介，做到看起来更简单的socket编程。
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