1、mii-tool 配置网络设备协商方式的工具;
感谢原文作者!原文地址:http://ygning.blog.com.cn/archives/2007/2153373.shtml
1.1 mii-tool 介绍;
mii-tool - view, manipulate media-independent interface status (mii-tool 是查看,管理介质的网络接口的状态)
有 时网卡需要配置协商方式 ,比如10/100/1000M的网卡半双工、全双工、自动协商的配置 。但大多数的网络设备是不用我们来修改协商,因为大多数网络设置接入的时候,都采用自动协商来解决相互通信的问题。不过自动协商也不是万能的,有时也会出 现错误,比如丢包率比较高,这时就要我们来指定网卡的协商方式 。
mii-tool 就是能指定网卡的协商方式。下面我们说一说mii-tool的用法;
1.2 mii-tool 的用法;
mii-tool 在更改网络设备通信协商方式的方法比较简单,用 -v 参数来查看网络接口的状态;看下面的例子;
mii-tool 更改网络接口协商的方法;
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool –help
usage: mii-tool [-VvRrwl] [-A media,… | -F media] [interface …]
-V, –version display version information
-v, –verbose more verbose output 注:显示网络接口的信息;
-R, –reset reset MII to poweron state 注:重设MII到开启状态;
-r, –restart restart autonegotiation 注:重启自动协商模式;
-w, –watch monitor for link status changes 注:查看网络接口连接的状态变化;
-l, –log with -w, write events to syslog 注:写入事件到系统日志;
-A, –advertise=media,… advertise only specified media 注:指令特定的网络接口;
-F, –force=media force specified media technology 注:更改网络接口协商方式;
media: 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD,
(to advertise both HD and FD) 100baseTx, 10baseT
* 实例一:查看网络接口的协商状态;
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool -v eth0
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok
product info: vendor 00:00:00, model 0 rev 0
basic mode: autonegotiation enabled
basic status: autonegotiation complete, link ok
capabilities: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
advertising: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
link partner: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD flow-control
注:上面的例子,我们可以看得到是自动协商。注意红字的部份;
* 实例二:更改网络接口协商方式;
更 改网络接口的协商方式,我们要用到-F选项,后面可以接 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD等参数;
如 果我们想把网络接口eth0改为 1000Mb/s全双工的模式应该怎么办呢?
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool -F 100baseTx-FD
[root@localhost ~]#mii-tool -v eth0
eth0: 100 Mbit, full duplex, link ok
product info: vendor 00:00:00, model 0 rev 0
basic mode: 100 Mbit, full duplex
basic status: link ok
capabilities: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
advertising: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
注:是不是已经改过来了?当然,我们也一样用ethtool 工具来更改,比如执行下面的命令;
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full
2、ethtool 工具关于网络协商功能介绍;
ethtool - Display or change ethernet card settings(ethtool 是用来显示和更改网卡设置的工具);这个工具比较复杂,功能也特别多。由于洋文比较难懂。所以我们还是把网络设备协商方式的设置方法说一说。
2.1 ethtool 显示网络端口设置功能;
这 个功能比较好办。就是ethtool 后面直接接网絽接口就行;比如下面的例子;
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: No 注:自动协商关闭
Speed: 100Mb/s 注:速度 100Mb
Duplex: Full 注:全双工
Port: MII
PHYAD: 32
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
Link detected: yes 注:eth0已经激活;
2.2 ethtool 设置网卡的协商模式;
ethtool ethX //查询ethX网口基本设置
ethtool –h //显示ethtool的命令帮助(help)
ethtool –i ethX //查询ethX网口的相关信息
ethtool –d ethX //查询ethX网口注册性信息
ethtool –r ethX //重置ethX网口到自适应模式
ethtool –S ethX //查询ethX网口收发包统计
ethtool –s ethX [speed 10|100|1000]\ //设置网口速率10/100/1000M
[duplex half|full]\ //设置网口半/全双工
[autoneg on|off]\ //设置网口是否自协商
[port tp|aui|bnc|mii]\ //设置网口类型
[phyad N]\
[xcvr internal|exteral]\
[wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|d…]\
[sopass xx:yy:zz:aa:bb:cc]\
[msglvl N]
在 ethtool的-h帮助中我们查看到有这样的帮助信息;
ethtool -s DEVNAME \
[ speed 10|100|1000 ] \
[ duplex half|full ] \
[ port tp|aui|bnc|mii|fibre ] \
[ autoneg on|off ] \
* 实例一: 把网卡eth0 速度改为10Mb/s,采用半双工;
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool -s eth1 speed 10 duplex half
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 10Mb/s 注:速度 10M/s
Duplex: Half 注:半双工
Port: MII
PHYAD: 32
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
Link detected: no 注:eth1没有激活;
* 实例二: 把网卡eth0 速度改为100Mb/s,采用全双工;
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool -s eth1 speed 100 duplex full
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 100Mb/s 注:速度 100M/s
Duplex: Full 注:全双工
Port: MII
PHYAD: 32
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
Link detected: no 注:eth1网卡没有激活;