git log 常用参数及 .gitconfig 配置
干货，执行下边命令，添加别名
- 注意，需要将 knowledgebao 修改为自己的名字，根据自己需要添加，常用的别名有：st ll lg lga lgb
- 执行下边语句，添加各种快捷键，执行 git lm, git lms, git ls, git lsm … 等试试效果吧
git config --global alias.co "checkout"
git config --global alias.ck "checkout --track -b" # checkout and tracked
git config --global alias.ci "commit"
git config --global alias.cl "clean -x -d -f" # force clean and remove ignored files.
git config --global alias.st "status"
git config --global alias.sst "status --ignore-submodules=all"
git config --global alias.pl "pull"
git config --global alias.ps "push"
git config --global alias.lb "remote show origin" # list branch
git config --global alias.li "status --short --porcelain --ignored" # list ignored
git config --global alias.lo "ls-files -o '--exclude=build/*' '--exclude=.vscode/*'" # list others
git config --global alias.cp "cherry-pick"
git config --global alias.ca "commit -a"
git config --global alias.br "branch"
git config --global alias.df "diff --ignore-cr-at-eol --ignore-space-at-eol"
git config --global alias.dc "diff --cached --ignore-cr-at-eol --ignore-space-at-eol"
git config --global alias.m "merge"
git config --global alias.dt "difftool"
git config --global alias.mt "mergetool"
git config --global alias.desc "describe --tags --long"
# 通过 git lm 查看自己的修改记录,关键字 --author --abbrev-commit
git config --global alias.lm "log --no-merges --color --author='knowledgebao' --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit"
# 通过 git lms 查看自己的修改记录, 同步显示被修改的文件，关键字 --stat --author --abbrev-commit
git config --global alias.lms "log --no-merges --color --stat --author='knowledgebao' --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit"
# 通过 git ls 查看所有的修改记录，关键字 --graph --abbrev-commit
git config --global alias.ls "log --no-merges --color --graph --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit"
# 通过 git lss 查看所有的修改记录,同步显示被修改的文件，关键字 --stat --graph --abbrev-commit
git config --global alias.lss "log --no-merges --color --stat --graph --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit"
# 通过 git ll 关键字 --first-parent
git config --global alias.ll "log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --first-parent --pretty='tformat:%ai %C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'"
# 通过 git lg 关键字 --branches
git config --global alias.lg "log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --branches --pretty='format:%C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'"
# 通过 git lga 关键字 --all
git config --global alias.lga "log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --all --pretty='format:%C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'"
# 通过 git lgb 关键字 --all --simplify-by-decoration
git config --global alias.lgb "log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --all --simplify-by-decoration --pretty='format:%C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'"
执行后 ~/gitconfig 文件内容增加了下边内容
[alias]
co = checkout
ck = checkout --track -b
ci = commit
cl = clean -x -d -f
st = status
sst = status --ignore-submodules=all
pl = pull
ps = push
lb = remote show origin
li = status --short --porcelain --ignored
lo = ls-files -o '--exclude=build/*' '--exclude=.vscode/*'
cp = cherry-pick
ca = commit -a
br = branch
df = diff --ignore-cr-at-eol --ignore-space-at-eol
dc = diff --cached --ignore-cr-at-eol --ignore-space-at-eol
m = merge
dt = difftool
mt = mergetool
desc = describe --tags --long
lm = log --no-merges --color --author='knowledgebao' --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit
lms = log --no-merges --color --stat --author='knowledgebao' --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit
ls = log --no-merges --color --graph --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit
lss = log --no-merges --color --stat --graph --date=format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Cblue %s %Cgreen(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit
ll = log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --first-parent --pretty='tformat:%ai %C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'
lg = log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --branches --pretty='format:%C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'
lga = log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --all --pretty='format:%C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'
lgb = log --graph --oneline --abbrev-commit --decorate --all --simplify-by-decoration --pretty='format:%C(auto) %h %d %s %Cblue<%an %ar>'
git log 参数
git log --help 查看,1700多行帮助
--follow
--no-decorate, --decorate[=short|full|auto|no]
--decorate-refs=<pattern>, --decorate-refs-exclude=<pattern>
--source
--[no-]use-mailmap
--full-diff
--log-size
--summary, --name-only, --name-status, --check) are not currently implemented.
--grep=<pattern> further limits to commits whose log message has a line that matches <pattern>), unless otherwise noted.
--skip=<number>
--since=<date>, --after=<date>
--until=<date>, --before=<date>
--author=<pattern>, --committer=<pattern>
--author=<pattern>, commits whose author matches any of the given patterns are chosen (similarly for multiple --committer=<pattern>).
--grep-reflog=<pattern>
--grep=<pattern>
--grep=<pattern>, commits whose message matches any of the given patterns are chosen (but see --all-match).
--all-match
--invert-grep
--basic-regexp
--remove-empty
--merges
--no-merges
--min-parents=<number>, --max-parents=<number>, --no-min-parents, --no-max-parents
--min-parents=2 is the same as --merges. --max-parents=0 gives all root commits and --min-parents=3 all octopus merges.
--no-min-parents and --no-max-parents reset these limits (to no limit) again. Equivalent forms are --min-parents=0 (any commit has 0 or more
--first-parent
--not
--all
--branches[=<pattern>]
--tags[=<pattern>]
--remotes[=<pattern>]
--glob=<glob-pattern>
--exclude=<glob-pattern>
--reflog
--alternate-refs
--single-worktree
--ignore-missing
--bisect
--stdin
--cherry-mark
--cherry-pick
--left-only, --right-only
--cherry
--merge
--boundary
--simplify-by-decoration
--full-history
--dense
--sparse
--simplify-merges
--ancestry-path
--full-history without parent rewriting
--full-history with parent rewriting
--dense
--sparse
--simplify-merges
--ancestry-path
--date-order
--author-date-order
--topo-order
---1----2----4----7
--reverse
--no-walk[=(sorted|unsorted)]
--do-walk
--pretty[=<format>], --format=<format>
--pretty=tformat:<format> were given.
--abbrev-commit
--no-abbrev-commit
--oneline
--encoding=<encoding>
--expand-tabs=<n>, --expand-tabs, --no-expand-tabs
--expand-tabs=0, which disables tab expansion.
--notes[=<ref>]
--no-notes
--show-notes[=<ref>], --[no-]standard-notes
--show-signature
--relative-date
--date=<format>
--date=relative shows dates relative to the current time, e.g. “2 hours ago”. The -local option has no effect for --date=relative.
--date=local is an alias for --date=default-local.
--date=iso (or --date=iso8601) shows timestamps in a ISO 8601-like format. The differences to the strict ISO 8601 format are:
--date=iso-strict (or --date=iso8601-strict) shows timestamps in strict ISO 8601 format.
--date=rfc (or --date=rfc2822) shows timestamps in RFC 2822 format, often found in email messages.
--date=short shows only the date, but not the time, in YYYY-MM-DD format.
--date=raw shows the date as seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC), followed by a space, and then the timezone as an offset from
--date=human shows the timezone if the timezone does not match the current time-zone, and doesn’t print the whole date if that matches (ie
--date=unix shows the date as a Unix epoch timestamp (seconds since 1970). As with --raw, this is always in UTC and therefore -local has no
--date=format:... feeds the format ... to your system strftime, except for %z and %Z, which are handled internally. Use --date=format:%c to
--date=default is the default format, and is similar to --date=rfc2822, with a few exceptions:
--parents
--children
--left-right
--graph
--show-linear-break[=<barrier>]
--cc
--combined-all-paths
--cc are specified, and is likely only useful if filename changes are detected (i.e. when either rename or copy detection have been
--raw. To get full object names in a raw diff format, use --no-abbrev.
--output=<file>
--output-indicator-new=<char>, --output-indicator-old=<char>, --output-indicator-context=<char>
--raw
--patch-with-raw
--indent-heuristic
--no-indent-heuristic
--minimal
--patience
--histogram
--anchored=<text>
--diff-algorithm={patience|minimal|histogram|myers}
--diff-algorithm=default option.
--stat[=<width>[,<name-width>[,<count>]]]
--stat-graph-width=<width> (affects all commands generating a stat graph) or by setting diff.statGraphWidth=<width> (does not affect git
--compact-summary
--numstat
--shortstat
--cumulative
--dirstat-by-file[=<param1,param2>...]
--summary
--patch-with-stat
--name-only
--name-status
--submodule[=<format>]
--color[=<when>]
--no-color
--color-moved[=<mode>]
--no-color-moved
--color-moved-ws=<modes>
--no-color-moved-ws
--color-moved-ws=no.
--word-diff[=<mode>]
--word-diff-regex=<regex>
--color-words[=<regex>]
--no-renames
--[no-]rename-empty
--check
--ws-error-highlight=<kind>
--full-index
--binary
--abbrev[=<n>]
--find-copies-harder
--diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)...[*]]
--find-object=<object-id>
--pickaxe-all
--pickaxe-regex
--relative[=<path>]
--ignore-cr-at-eol
--ignore-space-at-eol
--ignore-blank-lines
--inter-hunk-context=<lines>
--ext-diff
--no-ext-diff
--textconv, --no-textconv
--ignore-submodules[=<when>]
--src-prefix=<prefix>
--dst-prefix=<prefix>
--no-prefix
--line-prefix=<prefix>
--ita-invisible-in-index
--ita-visible-in-index. Both options are experimental and could be removed in future.
--- a/describe.c
--- a/file
--- a/file
--- a/file
--- a/file
--notes=<ref> option.
–abbrev-commit 仅显示 SHA-1 的前几个字符，而非所有的 40 个字符。
–stat 显示每次更新的文件修改统计信息
–graph 显示 ASCII 图形表示的分支合并历史。
–no-merges 没有合并的提交信息
–color
–oneline --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit 合用的简写。
–decorate 参数用来显示一些相关的信息，如HEAD、分支名、tag名等
–first-parent 紧当前分支的父分支
–author=‘xxx’ 提交至，使用单引号
–date=format:‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S’ 时间格式
–pretty 使用其他格式显示历史提交信息。可用的选项包括 oneline，short，full，fuller 和 format（后跟指定格式）
–pretty=format:‘%C(red)%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%C(blue) %s %C(green)(%cd) %C(bold blue)<%an>%C(reset)’
–pretty=format:‘%C(auto) %h %d %s %C(blue)<%an %ar>’
–pretty=format:‘%ai %C(auto) %h %d %s %C(blue)<%an %ar>’
- format:
- %H 提交对象（commit）的完整哈希字串
- %h 提交对象的简短哈希字串
- %T 树对象（tree）的完整哈希字串
- %t 树对象的简短哈希字串
- %P 父对象（parent）的完整哈希字串
- %p 父对象的简短哈希字串
- %an 作者（author）的名字
- %ae 作者的电子邮件地址
- %ad 作者修订日期（可以用 -date= 选项定制格式）
- %ar 作者修订日期，按多久以前的方式显示
- %cn 提交者(committer)的名字
- %ce 提交者的电子邮件地址
- %cd 提交日期
- %cr 提交日期，按多久以前的方式显示
- %s 提交说明
- %ai author date, ISO 8601-like format
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