Python后端分页组件

1 知识储备

1.1 request.GET是什么类型？

• 视图函数

def test(request):
    print(request.GET) # **<QueryDict: {'fd': ['1'], 'fc': ['2']}>**
    print(type(request.GET)) # <class 'django.http.request.QueryDict'>
    return HttpResponse('test!')

• QueryDict不能修改

def test(request):
    print(request.GET)
    print(type(request.GET))
    params = request.GET
    params['fd'] = 2 # AttributeError: This QueryDict instance is immutable 
    return HttpResponse('test!')

• QueryDict 怎么修改
  设置QueryDict的_mutable 属性为True,

def test(request):
    print(request.GET)  #<QueryDict: {'fd': ['1'], 'fc': ['2']}>
    print(type(request.GET)) #<class 'django.http.request.QueryDict'>
    params = request.GET  
    params._mutable = True
    params['fd'] = 4 # AttributeError: This QueryDict instance is immutable
    print(params)  #<QueryDict: {'fd': [4], 'fc': ['2']}>
    return HttpResponse('test!')

• urlencode函数

def test(request):
    print(request.GET)  #<QueryDict: {'fd': ['1'], 'fc': ['2']}>
    print(type(request.GET)) #<class 'django.http.request.QueryDict'>
    params = request.GET  
    params._mutable = True
    params['fd'] = 4 # AttributeError: This QueryDict instance is immutable
    print(params)  #<QueryDict: {'fd': [4], 'fc': ['2']}>
    print(params.urlencode()) # fd=4&fc=2
    return HttpResponse('test!')

• 一般为了不影响原参数，需要对QueryDict进行深拷贝

def test(request):
    print(request.GET)
    print(type(request.GET))
    params = request.GET
    params_copy = params.copy()
    print(id(params_copy))  # 2212784354256
    print(id(params)) # 2212783562784 	
    params._mutable = True
    params['fd'] = 4 # AttributeError: This QueryDict instance is immutable
    print(params)
    print(params.urlencode()) #
    return HttpResponse('test!')

1.2 urlib库中的urlencode

from urllib.parse import urlencode

a = {'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 12, 'gender': 'man'}

print(urlencode(a))  # name=zhangsan&age=12&gender=man

跳转页面的时候一定要保留原URL中既有的参数，不能跳转页面，导致之前的查询页面丢失。

2 代码

"""
分页组件
"""


class Pagination(object):
    def __init__(self, current_page, all_count, base_url, query_params, per_page=20, pager_page_count=11):
        """
        分页初始化
        :param current_page: 当前页码
        :param per_page: 每页显示数据条数
        :param all_count: 数据库中总条数
        :param base_url: 基础URL
        :param query_params: QueryDict对象，内部含所有当前URL的原条件
        :param pager_page_count: 页面上最多显示的页码数量
        """
        self.base_url = base_url
        try:
            self.current_page = int(current_page)
            if self.current_page <= 0:
                raise Exception()
        except Exception as e:
            self.current_page = 1
        self.query_params = query_params
        self.per_page = per_page
        self.all_count = all_count
        self.pager_page_count = pager_page_count
        pager_count, b = divmod(all_count, per_page)
        if b != 0:
            pager_count += 1
        self.pager_count = pager_count

        half_pager_page_count = int(pager_page_count / 2)
        self.half_pager_page_count = half_pager_page_count

    @property
    def start(self):
        """
        数据获取值起始索引
        :return:
        """
        return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page

    @property
    def end(self):
        """
        数据获取值结束索引
        :return:
        """
        return self.current_page * self.per_page

    def page_html(self):
        """
        生成HTML页码
        :return:
        """
        # 如果数据总页码pager_count<11 pager_page_count
        if self.pager_count < self.pager_page_count:
            pager_start = 1
            pager_end = self.pager_count
        else:
            # 数据页码已经超过11
            # 判断： 如果当前页 <= 5 half_pager_page_count
            if self.current_page <= self.half_pager_page_count:
                pager_start = 1
                pager_end = self.pager_page_count
            else:
                # 如果： 当前页+5 > 总页码
                if (self.current_page + self.half_pager_page_count) > self.pager_count:
                    pager_end = self.pager_count
                    pager_start = self.pager_count - self.pager_page_count + 1
                else:
                    pager_start = self.current_page - self.half_pager_page_count
                    pager_end = self.current_page + self.half_pager_page_count

        page_list = []

        if self.current_page <= 1:
            prev = '<li><a href="#">上一页</a></li>'
        else:
            self.query_params['page'] = self.current_page - 1
            prev = '<li><a href="%s?%s">上一页</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.query_params.urlencode())
        page_list.append(prev)
        for i in range(pager_start, pager_end + 1):
            self.query_params['page'] = i
            if self.current_page == i:
                tpl = '<li class="active"><a href="%s?%s">%s</a></li>' % (
                    self.base_url, self.query_params.urlencode(), i,)
            else:
                tpl = '<li><a href="%s?%s">%s</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.query_params.urlencode(), i,)
            page_list.append(tpl)

        if self.current_page >= self.pager_count:
            nex = '<li><a href="#">下一页</a></li>'
        else:
            self.query_params['page'] = self.current_page + 1
            nex = '<li><a href="%s?%s">下一页</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.query_params.urlencode(),)
        page_list.append(nex)
        page_str = "".join(page_list)
        return page_str