WPF源代码分析系列一：剖析WPF模板机制的内部实现（五）

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-06 11:30:26 发布

kokang88

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-06 11:30:26 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kokang88/article/details/111357619

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本文详细分析了WPF中ItemsControl的模板机制，探讨了ItemsControl.ItemTemplate如何影响元素生成，以及ItemsControl如何通过ItemContainerGenerator与Panel协同工作，生成并准备容器以展示数据项。过程中涉及ItemContainerGenerator的Refresh方法、PrepareContainerForItemOverride方法，以及ItemsPresenter和ItemsPanelTemplate的角色。通过对ItemsControl模板应用机制的梳理，理解了数据项如何与UI元素对应并展现。

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我们都知道ItemsControl控件在WPF中的重要性，ItemsControl.ItemTemplate用的也非常多，那么其在模板应用中的角色是什么呢？要回答这个问题，我们先看其定义：
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public static readonly DependencyProperty ItemTemplateProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register(
                    "ItemTemplate",
                    typeof(DataTemplate),
                    typeof(ItemsControl),
                    new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
                            (DataTemplate) null,
                            OnItemTemplateChanged));

    /// <summary>
    ///     ItemTemplate is the template used to display each item.
    /// </summary>public DataTemplate ItemTemplate
    {
        get { return (DataTemplate) GetValue(ItemTemplateProperty); }
        set { SetValue(ItemTemplateProperty, value); }
    }

    private static void OnItemTemplateChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        ((ItemsControl) d).OnItemTemplateChanged((DataTemplate) e.OldValue, (DataTemplate) e.NewValue);
    }

    protected virtual void OnItemTemplateChanged(DataTemplate oldItemTemplate, DataTemplate newItemTemplate)
    {
        CheckTemplateSource();

        if (_itemContainerGenerator != null)
        {
            _itemContainerGenerator.Refresh();
        }
    }

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可以看到当ItemsControl.ItemTemplate改变时，会调用_itemContainerGenerator.Refresh()。这个方法的定义如下：
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    // regenerate everything
    internal void Refresh()
    {
        OnRefresh();
    }

    // Called when the items collection is refreshed
    void OnRefresh()
    {
        ((IItemContainerGenerator)this).RemoveAll();

        // tell layout what happened
        if (ItemsChanged != null)
        {
            GeneratorPosition position = new GeneratorPosition(0, 0);
            ItemsChanged(this, new ItemsChangedEventArgs(NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Reset, position, 0, 0));
        }
    }

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可见这个方法调用OnRefresh()，后者的主要工作是清空已经生成的元素，并触发ItemsChanged事件，通知所有监听者列表已经被重置。

查找ItemsControl.ItemTemplate的引用会发现一个值得注意的方法ItemsControl.PrepareContainerForItemOverride：
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//ItemsControl****

    /// <summary>
    /// Prepare the element to display the item.  This may involve
    /// applying styles, setting bindings, etc.
    /// </summary>
    protected virtual void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item)
    {
        // Each type of "ItemContainer" element may require its own initialization.
        // We use explicit polymorphism via internal methods for this.
        //
        // Another way would be to define an interface IGeneratedItemContainer with
        // corresponding virtual "core" methods.  Base classes (ContentControl,
        // ItemsControl, ContentPresenter) would implement the interface
        // and forward the work to subclasses via the "core" methods.
        //

        // While this is better from an OO point of view, and extends to
        // 3rd-party elements used as containers, it exposes more public API.
        // Management considers this undesirable, hence the following rather
        // inelegant code.
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        HeaderedContentControl hcc;
        ContentControl cc;
        ContentPresenter cp;
        ItemsControl ic;
        HeaderedItemsControl hic;
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        if ((hcc = element as HeaderedContentControl) != null)
        {
            hcc.PrepareHeaderedContentControl(item, ItemTemplate, ItemTemplateSelector, ItemStringFormat);
        }
        else if ((cc = element as ContentControl) != null)
        {
            cc.PrepareContentControl(item, ItemTemplate, ItemTemplateSelector, ItemStringFormat);
        }
        else if ((cp = element as ContentPresenter) != null)
        {
            cp.PrepareContentPresenter(item, ItemTemplate, ItemTemplateSelector, ItemStringFormat);
        }
        else if ((hic = element as HeaderedItemsControl) != null)
        {
            hic.PrepareHeaderedItemsControl(item, this);
        }
        else if ((ic = element as ItemsControl) != null)
        {
            if (ic != this)
            {
                ic.PrepareItemsControl(item, this);
            }
        }
    }

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这个方法共两个参